Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia最新文献

{"title":"GIS-BASED LAND-USE/LAND COVER CHANGE ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY OF ZHYTOMYR REGION, UKRAINE","authors":"P.V. PYVOVAR, P.P. TOPOLNYTSKY, O.V. SKYDAN, S.L. YANCHEVSKII","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.024","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the deep and wide implementation of geoinformation technologies in the many fields of human activity is due to the powerful development of three scientific and technical components: statistical, software, technical, and space technologies. In this article, based on GIS technologies, an analysis of the state of land use and its changes in the territory of the Zhytomyr Region, as well as the impact of Russian aggression against Ukraine on these processes, was carried out. The structure and the dynamics of the main classes of the land cover of the region for the past 7 years were analyzed, the main causes and consequences of such trends were determined, and the analysis of changes in the land cover was carried out. According to the results of this study, in 2022, 52 % of the territory of the Zhytomyr Region was under forested areas, which consist of two categories: forests and other forested areas. The first category remained unchanged during the studied period since the government system of protection and reproduction of forest resources functions effectively. While the second category significantly decreased due to the fact that firewood is the most available fuel resource for heating buildings, so the population began to harvest wood in the form of felling and clearing old gardens, forested bushes and rivers (irrigation canals), and forest strips. Agriculture of the Zhytomyr Region develops due to extensification. According to Google Dynamic World data, in 2022, 34 % of the territory of the Zhytomyr Region is systematically used for growing agricultural crops. Over the past seven years, there has been a significant increase in cultivated land by 27 %. In the structure of the land cover of the Zhytomyr Region, the grass cover is 4.9 %, but it is gradually decreasing. A decrease was observed for all types of territorial communities until 2021 (10 %annually on average), while, in 2022, the decline slowed down significantly in rural and village territorial communities and stopped in urban ones. This dynamic is connected with two factors: 1) part of the gardens of rural households were sown with grass due to the fact that men were mobilized to the Armed Forces of Ukraine as a result of Russian aggression, and growing grass requires less human costs; 2) Russian aggression caused a shortage of certain food products, and their significant increase in price while keeping cattle provides food for the rural household, so, in 2022, most of the offspring from cattle were not sold and left for further maintenance. In turn, the increase in cattle requires more feed, an important component of which is grass.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135746095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLICATION OF THE TEST-PARTICL STATISTICAL METHOD FOR THE SIMULATION OF RAREFIED PLUME FLOWS IN A VACUUM","authors":"L.L. L. L. Pecheritsa, Т.G. Smіla","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the important role of the problem of the supersonic jet outflow into a vacuum to control the motion of the center of mass, orientation, and stabilization of the spacecraft’s position in space. The types of low-thrust engines and microrocket engines viewed have plumes that can pass through all regimes from continuum to free-molecular. In zones where motion is described at the molecular-kinetic level, statistical methods are most often used. The statistical Test Particle Method (TPM) has so far been used only in rarefied homogeneous flows. The aim of this work is to develop the TPM for numerical modelling plume flows. Below are the basic tenets of the TPM and changes in its algorithm. The initial drawing of the trajectories of molecules is carried out either from the nozzle exit (in the absence of a dense core) or from the initial surface, which is the virtual border of the continuity zone. Determining the distributions over the surface of the drawing of the coordinates of the start and the mass velocity of the plume flow is decisive for obtaining adequate results. Among the considered launch options, the most realistic one is uneven, with a concentration on the plume axis. The calculation of the mass velocity of the plume flow at the initial surface can be performed using numerical methods of continuum aerodynamics or using approximate methods. The testing of TPM in the far field of a rarefied nitrogen plume was carried out by comparing the relative density distribution with the data of the approximate method. The results obtained in the presence of the initial sphere and in its absence agree with each other. The TPM testing in the area adjacent to the nozzle was carried out by comparing the isolines of relative density and Mach numbers with the results of direct Monte Carlo simulation for the experimental conditions of helium outflow from a lowthrust engine into a vacuum. Satisfactory agreement has been obtained between the numerical simulation data of the TPM and the compared data","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135745922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORBITAL STRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE OF THE LOW-ORBIT COMPLEX OF ON-ORBIT SERVICE","authors":"Yu. M. GOLDSHTEIN","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the currently planned on-orbit servicing (OOS) missions involve the use of disposable OOS spacecraft. The use of disposable OOS spacecraft may be profitable in the near future. But it is not a reliable solution for OOS in the long term. As an alternative, a more useful concept is the use of reusable OOS complexes, which allow responding to scheduled and random requests from OOS clients. This concept can ensure the timeliness and efficiency of OOS implementation during planned services and random requests of OOS clients. However, despite the potential advantage of a reusable OOS, the design of its orbital structure and operational maintenance is much more complicated in comparison with the traditional concept of the organization of OOS. This is because when planning the response of reusable OOS complexes to requests, it is necessary to distribute OOS client service operations between space vehicles of the reusable OOS complex. Now the space industry is switching its attention to the area of low Earth orbits. This causes an increase in deployed and planned low-orbit satellite groups, the number of satellites in them, the difference in structural schemes of satellite groups, and the significant influence of the environment on orbital parameters. As you know, the orbital parameters of low orbits of space vehicles can differ significantly, and the difference between them can reach tens or even hundreds of degrees in the longitude of the ascending node. This leads to unacceptably high energy costs for modern OOS spacecraft for active rotation of the planes of their original orbits to the planes of the destination orbits. In some works, the possibility of reducing these energy costs due to the use of the difference in the speed of the nodal precession of the parking and destination orbits of the OOS spacecraft due to the non-centrality of the Earth’s gravitational field is considered. However, due to the long wait of the OOS spacecraft in the parking orbit, the flight time with the wait between the parking and destination orbits increases significantly. Its reduction can be achieved by increasing the number and rational selection of the semi-major axis and inclination of the parking orbits of the OOS spacecraft. The purpose of the article is to develop a technique for the optimal synthesis of the orbital structure and optimal operational planning of the low-orbit OOS complex in near-Earth orbits with a small eccentricity. Methods for solving the problem are the averaging method, the branch-and-bound method, and the multiobjective optimization method. The novelty of the obtained results lies in the development of a technique for optimal synthesis of the orbital structure and optimal operational planning of the low-orbit space OOS complex in near-Earth orbits with low eccentricity. The developed technique can be used in the previous planning and design of space OOS complexes in low near-Earth orbits with a small eccentricity.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135745923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABOUT ONE PROPERTY OF THE DISPERSION EQUATION FOR LATITUDINAL ACOUSTIC-GRAVITATIONAL WAVES","authors":"O. N. Kryshtal, A. D. Voitsekhovska, O. K. Cheremnykh, S. O. Cheremnykh","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.067","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic-gravity waves are an example of processes that largely determine the dynamics of the Earth’s atmosphere. This is due to the fact that the sources of these waves are located throughout the height of the atmosphere, from the very “bottom”, where earthquakes, volcanic emissions, tsunamis, tornadoes, etc., occur, and to the very “top”, where perturbations of the solar wind, magnetic storms, and precipitation of particles in high latitudes are active. All these phenomena lead to the active energy exchange between all layers of the Earth’s atmosphere and the interaction of wave disturbances of significantly different scales — from several thousand kilometers to several hundred meters, and this — to the appearance and development of processes of convection and turbulence in the environment. It seems that only nonlinear processes should dominate under such conditions. To a large extent, it is true, but at the same time, observations indicate that in many cases in the process of propagation of acoustic-gravity waves (AGW), the effects can be comprehensively described within the framework of the linear approximation of perturbation theory and well-developed theory of oscillations. At the same time, when creating models of the process, it turned out to be appropriate to use sufficiently justified physical approximations, such as isothermality of the atmosphere, its unlimitedness in the horizontal direction and compressibility in the vertical direction. Taking into account the real scales of the AGW, it is possible to neglect the curvature of the Earth’s surface and consider it locally flat at any point of the surface and use the Cartesian coordinate system X, Y, Z in the calculations. To describe the environment, it makes sense to use non-dissipative hydrodynamics and in an equilibrium state — the hydrostatic equilibrium equation and barometric equation. The above-mentioned approximations and the mathematical apparatus of the theory of oscillations and the theory of differential equations allow when studying the initial system of equations describing the dynamics of AGW, to obtain a dispersion equation in the form of a polynomial of the fourth degree relative to the angular frequency of rotation as a function of the normalized wave vector of disturbance k  (AGW). AGW spectrum is a spectrum of the atmosphere’s own oscillations in the form ( ) k  , and its obtaining can be considered as the final solution to the initial problem if we ignore the obvious influence on the AGW spectrum of the angular frequency of rotation of the atmosphere , which must necessarily be present in the dispersion equation due to the influence of the Coriolis force. The formal reason for the absence of the components of the vector  in the dispersion equation (DE) is the fact that the | |   is a minimum of two orders of magnitude smaller than the characteristic rotation frequency of the atmosphere 0 , which is equal to the acoustic cutoff frequency. At the same time,","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135746094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REALIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF DUAL USE OF OUTER SPACE CONTROL MEANS","authors":"Yu. N. Lavrich, M. I. Bistrov, V. I. Prysiazhnyi, D. V. Pyaskovskyi","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.127","url":null,"abstract":"Context. The radar means of outer space control are monofunctional systems, despite their potential multifunctionality. To ensure the effective implementation of target functions, only some of the total number of potential functions are used, other existing functions are not studied and as a result, don’t used. The target functions of most existing domestic and foreign radiolocation stations on space control RLS SC are practically reduced only to the control of space objects in different orbits. The obtained information is not fully used, so the new target doesn’t form. As the history of the development of defense complexes shows, in most industrialized countries there are examples of the use of military developments for civilian purposes (spin-off) and civilian developments for military purposes (spin-on). As a result of these synergy processes emphasis on the strategy of double technologies and double innovation increased. Objective. The aim of the work is to study the possibility of introducing an ionospheric channel into the domestic radar station 5N86 Dnipro (Hen House) and expanding its intended use by using most of its functional systems to implement the ionosphere control function. Method. The paper uses a comparative analysis of the main functional systems and technical characteristics of the 5N86 Dnipro radar and non-coherent scatter radars (PHR) of the global ionosphere control network. Results. The main characteristic features of the RLS 5N86 are analyzed and, taking into account the characteristics of the signals, the possibility of using the multifunctionality of the radar to form a new target function for monitoring outer space is substantiated. From an applied point of view, a number of specific scientific and practical solutions are given, aimed at the realization of dual-purpose technology in the implementation of the ionosphere control function by a radar station - both for solving the problems of increasing the own efficiency and for the interests of fundamental science. It is shown that the creation of new target RLS is based on both the use of already existing systems and the introduction of new ones. The importance of the scientific task on the implementation of the ionosphere control function and the possibility of integrating into the global ionosphere control network is substantiated. Conclusions. The presence of scientific and technical developments and the practical experience of the domestic RLS SC developer makes the new target function realization absolutely realistic. The implementation of the double-purpose technology will ensure an effective solution for both applied and fundamental scientific tasks.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135746090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLOBAL VARIATIONS IN THE GEOMAGNETIC FIELD CAUSED BY THE EXPLOSION OF THE TONGA VOLCANO ON JANUARY 15, 2022","authors":"L. F. Chernogor","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.078","url":null,"abstract":"The explosion of the Tonga volcano on January 15, 2022, led to significant disturbances in the Earth (lithosphere, World Ocean) — atmosphere — ionosphere — magnetosphere system. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study of global variations in the geomagnetic field caused by the explosion of the Tonga volcano on January 15, 2022. To analyze the variations of the X-, Y-, and Z-components of the geomagnetic field, registrations at 12 stations of the worldwide INTERMAGNET network were used. When processing the time series, the trend calculated over 60 min with a step of 1 min was first subtracted, and then a system spectral analysis was applied. An analysis of the state of space weather made it possible to choose January 13 and 17, 2022, as reference days. An analysis of time variations in the level of all components of the geomagnetic field showed the following. On the day of the volcano explosion, approximately after 04:21, there were significant variations in the level of all components, but the largest variations were observed in the level of the Y-component. The shortest time delay was 6 min. At the same time, quasi-periodic variations of the geomagnetic field with a period of 4…4.5 min and an amplitude of ~2 nT were caused by acoustic resonance in the field of a standing acoustic wave generated by the explosion of the volcano. In addition, six groups of possible disturbances stimulated by the volcano explosion were found. It is important that in each group, the time delay of disturbances increased with increasing distance between the volcano and the station. It was found that the disturbances were transported at speeds close to 4, 1.5, 1 km/s and 500, 313, and 200 m/s. Such velocities are characteristic of slow MHD waves, a blast wave, an atmospheric gravity wave, a Lamb wave, and an ionospheric tsunami wave.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135746092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIS-BASED LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT OF THE UZH RIVER BASIN: A STRATEGY TO ENHANCE RIVER WATER QUALITY","authors":"T. P. FEDONIUK, O. V. SKYDAN, T. V. MELNYCHUK, A. A. ZYMAROIEVA, V. M. PAZYCH","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.043","url":null,"abstract":"The article includes the findings of a study on the Uzh River basin’s surface water’s quality. This region is extremely important because a fraction of it is radioactively contaminated because of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident. Considering this, the goal of this work was to conduct a geo-informational analysis of the state and structure of the landscapes of the Uzh River basin, to identify the surface water quality parameters of this region, and to identify potential correlations between these parameters. For this purpose, we spatially divided the territory of the basin into separate massifs, in each of which, using the method of automatic decoding, we determined the ratio of the structural components of landscapes, their disturbance by erosion processes, and compared them with ground data on the quality of surface water of the massifs. According to the salt composition, all the investigated massifs have good quality conditions. The Uzh River and its tributaries should be categorized as 4 (slightly polluted) based on the average values of the trophosaprobological state, but the extreme values in some places shifted to 5 (moderately polluted). Most of the listed toxic substances were present at average levels and, for the most part, did not exceed the permitted concentrations for category 4-slightly polluted. Extreme concentrations frequently reached category 6 (polluted), which was primarily brought on by anthropogenic activity and the buildup of radioactive materials. It was found that the degree of erosive landscape destruction and the degree of landscape stabilization significantly influence the value of the integrated water quality index. Since the collected data, a three-dimensional model was developed, allowing for accurate evaluations and projections of changes in the quality of surface water based on the structural characteristics of the land shafts. Considering that some of these territories are currently in the zone of radioactive contamination, the planning of changes in the landscape structure should be coordinated with the potential risks of surface water quality deterioration, and the model proposed in this article will have significant applied value in addressing this issue.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135745921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF DNA METHYLATION ON GRAVISENSITIVITY OF MOSSES","authors":"Yа. D. Khorkavtsiv, O. V. Lobachevska, N. Yа. Kyyak, E. L. Kordyum","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.04.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.04.106","url":null,"abstract":"Gravity is a constant environmental factor in plant growth and development. Real or simulated microgravity causes stress responses in plants, in which DNA methylation is involved. We investigated the effect of the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-aza) on the perception and transduction of the gravity signal into gravitropism and on the peroxidase isoenzyme spectra in Physcomitrium patens (Hedw.) Mitt. protonemata under conditions of altered gravity, as well as on Polytrichum arcticum Sw. ex. Brid. phenotype branching and variability of gravitropic angles of lateral branches. The influence of DNA methylation on the perception and realization of the gravity signal was determined. DNA demethylation in the 5-aza presence decreased the gravisensitivity of stolons — less at the stage of perception and more during gravity signal transduction. An analysis of gravitropism under the inhibiton of DNA methylation showed the signal preservation in cell memory regardless of the stage of gravistimulation. However, cell memory about a signal was shorter at the perception stage and longer at the transduction stage, that affects a rate of the gravitropic growth recovery. The different effect of DNA methylation on gravi-induction is considered as an epigenetically regulated process that modifies morphological differences in mosses’ tropismunder under real microgravity in space flight and simulated microgravity on earth. Resistance to microgravity depends on intensity of cell wall metabolism. Peroxidase activity plays an important role in the biogenesis and mechanical stability of the cell wall. It was shown that the changes in the expression of peroxidase genes and enzyme isoforms in the P. patens protonemata may be a result of DNA demethylation. Epigenetic polymorphism of peroxidase under microgravity is regarded as a probable factor of individual resistance of plant organisms.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135746091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LOW COST DOSIMETER MODULE FOR MVA LUNAR LANDER MISSION","authors":"D. ELFIKY, S. AZIZ, N. HESHAM, A. AYMAN","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.03.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.03.119","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the lunar radiation environment is crucial for future space exploration missions, as the lack of atmospheric and magnetic shielding allows charged particles of varying energies and origins to penetrate the surface of the moon. In space radiation environments, it is common practice to use radiation dosimeters to measure absorbed dose and dose rate. In this study, the payload will include a radiation dosimeter capable of measuring the radiation intensity at the landing site’s surface. The design concept and implementation of a radiation readout system for the real-time measurement of gamma absorbed dose and dose rate at the surface of the landing area for the MVA mission are based on a photodiode sensor that is commercially available and will be used as a gamma radiation sensor. The module experienced low levels of activity (Cs137, Co60, and Sr90). The performance of the photodiode-based module has been demonstrated by the Giger counter. Due to its low cost and high sensitivity, this radiation module would be clearly advantageous.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135746093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUITABILITY OF SILICONE FOR SOFT-ROBOTIC EXPLORATION OF TERRESTRIAL AND EXTRATERRESTRIAL OCEAN WORLDS","authors":"A. Nuncio Zuniga, W. Fink","doi":"10.15407/knit2023.03.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2023.03.047","url":null,"abstract":"This work revisits relevant mechanical and chemical properties of silicone rubber — Ecoflex in this study — to assess its suitability and viability for use in soft-robotic explorer construction and subsequent deployment and as a sealant for communication beacons, sensor pods, and other electronics in extreme planetary liquid environments, such as the depths of Earth’s oceans and extraterrestrial ocean worlds. Strain at a range of temperatures, as an indicator for operational durability, was tested under various endpoint clamp forces for several compound ratios. The temperature range at which silicone rubber remains pliable was assessed to determine its deployability. The re-binding property of cured silicone rubber samples with newly curing samples was investigated for its potential for additive manufacturing in soft robotics. Finally, the dissolution resistance, non-polarity, and electrical non-conductivity of silicone rubber were studied to assess its suitability for sealing electronics to be submerged in the salt water of both ocean and saturated salinity, as well as in hydrocarbon liquids. This work highlights critical aspects of silicone rubber for use in the construction, coating, and deployment of future soft robotic extraterrestrial liquid body explorers: The chosen silicone rubber Ecoflex is an electrically non-conducting sealant and pliable soft robotics material for temperatures above 50 °C, deployable in earthly extreme aqueous environments. Moreover, this work lays the foundation, albeit likely with different (silicone) rubbers/polymers due to much lower temperatures, for the robotic exploration of extraterrestrial liquid environments on ocean worlds, such as the hydrocarbon lakes on Titan and the putative subsurface oceans on Europa, Titan, and Enceladus.","PeriodicalId":42936,"journal":{"name":"Space Science and Technology-Kosmicna Nauka i Tehnologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48684503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}