Case Reports in Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Associated with Lung Cancer: When Paraneoplastic Manifestations Impede Oncological Management.","authors":"Éloïse Philippe,&nbsp;Aude Barnier,&nbsp;Juliette Menguy,&nbsp;Gilles Robinet,&nbsp;Gilles Quéré,&nbsp;Francis Couturaud,&nbsp;Renaud Descourt","doi":"10.1155/2021/8847017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8847017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is an uncommon syndrome that mostly occurs in children, in whom it is frequently triggered by infections. In contrast, HSP in adults is more frequently of neoplastic origin. <i>Case Presentation</i>. We report HSP associated with a locally advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma that was considered a paraneoplastic syndrome. Systemic corticosteroids were given because a kidney biopsy revealed active glomerulonephritis. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy achieved a partial response of the lung tumor. Consolidation immunotherapy (programmed death protein-1-ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitor) was cancelled because HSP is known to be an autoimmune vasculitis, and long-term corticosteroid therapy was pursued.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the effect of anti-PD-(L) 1 immunotherapies on autoimmune manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8847017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7884136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25402470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to \"Partial and Transient Clinical Response to Omalizumab in IL-21-Induced Low STAT3-Phosphorylation on Hyper-IgE Syndrome\".","authors":"Cesar Daniel Alonso-Bello,&nbsp;María Del Carmen Jiménez-Martínez,&nbsp;María Eugenia Vargas-Camaño,&nbsp;Sagrario Hierro-Orozco,&nbsp;Mario Alberto Ynga-Durand,&nbsp;Laura Berrón-Ruiz,&nbsp;Julio César Alcántara-Montiel,&nbsp;Leopoldo Santos-Argumedo,&nbsp;Diana Andrea Herrera-Sánchez,&nbsp;Fernando Lozano-Patiño,&nbsp;María Isabel Castrejón-Vázquez","doi":"10.1155/2021/2361360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2361360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/6357256.].</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"2361360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7895602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25402469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Tank Granuloma Presenting as a Nasal Cavity Mass.","authors":"Motoki Sekine,&nbsp;Fumiyuki Goto,&nbsp;Kosuke Saito,&nbsp;Shoji Kaneda,&nbsp;Hikaru Yamamoto,&nbsp;Tomoaki Murakami,&nbsp;Takahide Hamano,&nbsp;Kenji Okami","doi":"10.1155/2021/8820720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8820720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycobacterium marinum</i> is a free-living nontuberculous mycobacterium that is widely distributed in freshwater and seawater around the world. Granulomatous skin infection from <i>M. marinum</i> in people who are exposed to fish or aquatic environments is a rare condition known as fish tank granuloma. The granuloma mainly occurs on the skin of the upper limb, in a few cases on the face, and rarely in the nasal cavity. We describe a case of <i>M. marinum</i> infection that presented as a nasal cavity mass. A 57-year-old woman who was receiving infliximab for psoriatic arthritis visited our hospital with a complaint of right nasal obstruction. A granulomatous mass with an irregular surface was found in the anterior part of the right nasal cavity. Tissue biopsy revealed granulation tissue. Since the application of steroid ointment did not reduce the size of the mass, the tumor was resected under local anesthesia, and the base was cauterized. The pathological finding was an inflammatory granuloma with negative Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The granuloma recurred 3 months after resection. The interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) test was positive, and therefore, a mycobacterial tissue culture test was performed because of suspected nasal tuberculosis, which identified <i>M. marinum</i>. The nasal cavity mass disappeared 2 months after the administration of minocycline, followed by clarithromycin, and subsequent discontinuation of infliximab. <i>M. marinum</i> infection can cause an intranasal mass. IGRA and the mycobacterial tissue culture test are useful for diagnosis. As in this case, the nasal lesion may be excised as an inflammatory nasal granuloma, and therefore, there may be many more \"hidden\" cases of <i>M. marinum</i> infection. If nasal granulation is present, the possibility of <i>M. marinum</i> infection should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8820720"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7815405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38874206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disorder due to a Novel Mutation in Recombination Activation Gene 2: About 2 Cases.","authors":"Ibtihal Benhsaien,&nbsp;Fatima Ailal,&nbsp;Khadija Elazhary,&nbsp;Jalila El Bakkouri,&nbsp;Abdallah Badou,&nbsp;Ahmed Aziz Bousfiha","doi":"10.1155/2021/8819368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8819368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) comprises a heterogeneous group of inherited immunologic disorders with profound defects in cellular and humoral immunity. SCID is the most severe PID and constitutes a pediatric emergency. Affected children are highly susceptible to bacterial, viral, fungal, and opportunistic infections with life-threatening in the absence of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We report here two cases of SCID. The first case is a girl diagnosed with SCID at birth based on her family history and lymphocyte subpopulation typing. The second case is a 4-month-old boy with a history of recurrent opportunistic infections, BCGitis, and failure to thrive, and the immunology workup confirms a SCID phenotype. The genetic study in the two cases revealed a novel mutation in the RAG2 gene, c.826G > A (p.Gly276Ser), in a homozygous state. The novel mutation in the RAG2 gene identified in our study may help the early diagnosis of SCID.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8819368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7808801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38874205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease: The First Case of a Diagnosed Adult Patient in the Czech Republic.","authors":"Miroslav Prucha,&nbsp;Hana Grombirikova,&nbsp;Pavel Zdrahal,&nbsp;Marketa Bloomfield,&nbsp;Zuzana Parackova,&nbsp;Tomas Freiberger","doi":"10.1155/2020/8836685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8836685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case of a 42-year-old woman with Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease. The disease was diagnosed at an adult age with relatively typical clinical manifestations; the skeleton, joints, and soft tissues were affected by nontuberculous mycobacteria: <i>Mycobacterium lentiflavum</i>, <i>M. kansasii</i>, and <i>M. avium</i>. A previously published loss-of-function and functionally validated variant NM_000416.2:c.819_822delTAAT in <i>IFNGR1</i> in a heterozygous state was detected using whole-exome sequencing. After interferon-<i>γ</i> therapy was started at a dose of 200 <i>µ</i>g/m² three times a week, there was significant clinical improvement, with the need to continue the macrolide-based combination regimen. In the last 4 months, she has been in this therapy without the need for antibiotic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8836685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39130536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Two Cases with Autosomal Dominant Hyper IgE Syndrome: Importance of Immunological Parameters for Clinical Course and Follow-Up.","authors":"Snezhina Mihailova Kandilarova,&nbsp;Spaska Stoyneva Lesichkova,&nbsp;Nevena Todorova Gesheva,&nbsp;Petya Stefanova Yankova,&nbsp;Nedelcho Hristov Ivanov,&nbsp;Guergana Petrova Stoyanova,&nbsp;Penka Ilieva Perenovska,&nbsp;Marta Petrova Baleva,&nbsp;Elissaveta Jordanova Naumova","doi":"10.1155/2020/6694957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6694957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) is a rare disease described in 1966. It is characterized by severe dermatitis, a peculiar face, frequent infections, extremely high levels of serum IgE and eosinophilia, all resulting from a defect in the <i>STAT3</i> gene. A variety of mutations in the SH2 and DNA-binding domain have been described, and several studies have searched for associations between the severity of the clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and the type of genetic alteration. We present two children with AD-HIES-a girl with the most common <i>STAT3</i> mutation (R382W) and a boy with a rare variant (G617E) in the same gene, previously reported in only one other patient. Herein, we discuss the clinical and immunological findings in our patients, focusing on their importance on disease course and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"6694957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7728468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38733504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Events of the BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) and Rotavirus Vaccines in a Young Infant with Inborn Error of Immunity.","authors":"Suleiman Al-Hammadi,&nbsp;Najla S Alkuwaiti,&nbsp;Ghassan A Ghatasheh,&nbsp;Huda Al Dhanhani,&nbsp;Hiba M Shendi,&nbsp;Abdulghani S Elomami,&nbsp;Farida Almarzooqi,&nbsp;Abdul-Kader Souid","doi":"10.1155/2020/8857152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8857152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and rotavirus vaccines are live-attenuated preparations. In the United Arab Emirates, these products are universally administered to the young infants. This unguided practice does not account for the children with immunodeficiency, which frequently manifests after the administration of these vaccines. We present here a young infant with immunodeficiency that developed disseminated tuberculosis infection and severe diarrhea due to these improper immunizations. <i>Case Presentation</i>. This young infant was diagnosed at six months of age with \"immunodeficiency type 19\" (MIM#615617) due to homozygous nonsense variant, NM_000732.4 (<i>CD3D</i>):c.128G > A, p.Trp43∗ (variation ClinVar#VCV000643120.1; pathogenic). This variant creates premature stop-gain in <i>CD3D</i> (CD3 antigen, delta subunit, autosomal recessive; MIM#186790), resulting in loss-of-function. He also had \"<i>X</i>-linked agammaglobulinemia\" (MIM#300755) due to hemizygous missense variant, NM_001287344.1 (<i>BTK</i>):c.80G > A, p.Gly27Asp (novel). He had a sibling who passed away in infancy of unknown disease and family members with autoimmune disorders. Despite these clear clues, he was immunized with BCG at birth and rotavirus at 2 and 4 months. He was well in the first four months. He then developed high-fever, lymphadenopathy, and refractory diarrhea. Stool was positive for rotavirus, and lymph node biopsy showed acid-fast bacilli, consistent with tuberculosis lymphadenitis. These infections were serious and markedly complicated his clinical course, which included bone marrow transplantation from a matched sibling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These unfortunate events could have been avoided by compiling the available clinical information. This patient underscores the importance of implementing proper policies for BCG and rotavirus vaccinations. International registries of adverse events of universally administered vaccines are crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8857152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8857152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39079634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Prolonged Catatonia Caused by Sjögren's Syndrome.","authors":"Takahiko Inagaki,&nbsp;Kotaro Kudo,&nbsp;Naoki Kurimoto,&nbsp;Takashi Aoki,&nbsp;Kenichi Kuriyama","doi":"10.1155/2020/8881503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8881503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder, often associated with some neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as systemic lupus erythematosus. Although catatonia is frequently reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, it has been rarely reported in patients with SS. Herein, we present a case of SS with catatonia effectively and safely treated with modified electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). A 58-year-old woman showed prolonged catatonia and depressive mood along with pathologically dried eye and mouth. Based on physical findings and blood tests, she was diagnosed with SS. Because of the presence of pressure sores, we were unable to perform lumbar puncture for the diagnosis of abacterial encephalitis. Alternatively, single-photon emission computed tomography of her brain revealed multifocal hypoperfused areas in the parietotemporal region. Consequently, we performed ECT for the treatment of catatonia comorbid with SS. Following 20 sessions of ECT, the catatonia was improved without obvious adverse effects. One week after the last ECT, elevated levels of interleukin-6 were identified in the cerebral fluid. After receiving steroid pulse therapy, she has not experienced catatonia for more than 5 years. SS can cause catatonia, and ECT is a safe and effective option for the treatment of catatonia with SS.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8881503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8881503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38623569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase 4 Deficiency in a Greek Teenager.","authors":"Panagiota Karananou,&nbsp;Anastasia Alataki,&nbsp;Efimia Papadopoulou-Alataki","doi":"10.1155/2020/8846827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human interleukin- (IL-) 1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK-4) deficiency is a recently described primary immunodeficiency. It is a rare, autosomal recessive immunodeficiency that impairs toll/IL-1R immunity, except for the toll-like receptor (TLR) 3- and TLR4-interferon alpha (IFNA)/beta (IFNB) pathways. <i>Case Report</i>. We report the first patient in Greece with IRAK-4 deficiency. From the age of 8 months, she presented with recurrent infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract and skin abscesses. For this, she had been repeatedly hospitalized and treated empirically with intravenous antibiotics. No severe viral, mycobacterial, or fungal infections were noted. Her immunological laboratory evaluation revealed low serum IgA and restored in subsequent measurements; normal IgG, IgM, and IgE; and normal serum IgG subclasses. Peripheral blood immunophenotyping by flow cytometry and dihydrorhodamine (DHR) test revealed normal counts. She was able to make functional antibodies against vaccine antigens, including tetanus and diphtheria. She was administered with empirical IgG substitution for 5 years until the age of 12 years, and she has never experienced invasive bacterial infections so far. DNA analysis revealed a heterozygous variant in the patient: c.823delT (p.S275fs ^<i>∗</i> 13 at protein level) in the IRAK4 gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The importance of clinical suspicion is emphasized in order to confirm the diagnosis by IRAK4 gene sequencing and provide the appropriate treatment for this rare primary immunodeficiency, as soon as possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8846827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8846827","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38528410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IPEX Syndrome with Normal FOXP3 Protein Expression in Treg Cells in an Infant Presenting with Intractable Diarrhea as a Single Symptom.","authors":"Ali Al Maawali,&nbsp;Beata Derfalvi,&nbsp;Johan Van Limbergen,&nbsp;Andrew Issekutz,&nbsp;Thomas Issekutz,&nbsp;Hasan Ghandourah,&nbsp;Mohsin Rashid","doi":"10.1155/2020/9860863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9860863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IPEX (immune dysregulation-polyendocrinopathy-enteropathy-X-linked) syndrome is a rare, potentially fatal multisystem disorder caused by mutations in the <i>FOXP3</i> gene. This can lead to quantitative or functional deficiency of regulatory T cells (Treg), thereby affecting their immune-suppressive actions which can in turn cause autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. We describe an infant with IPEX syndrome with unremarkable maternal family history whose only presentations were severe diarrhea and malnutrition. The patient had a normal percentage of Treg cells and FOXP3 protein expression, but further testing revealed a hemizygous missense mutation in the <i>FOXP3</i> gene. IPEX syndrome should be considered in young children even if severe intractable diarrhea is the only symptom with no other autoimmune manifestations. Sequencing of the <i>FOXP3</i> gene should always be considered for accurate diagnosis to look for mutations even in the face of normal FOXP3 protein expression in the Treg cell.</p>","PeriodicalId":42865,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Immunology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"9860863"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9860863","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38506002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}