E. Casson, W. Jackson, G. Mintsioulis, S. Norton, R. Munger, U. Strolenberg
{"title":"Visual Performance Under Dilated Conditions Following Excimer Photorefractive Keratectomy","authors":"E. Casson, W. Jackson, G. Mintsioulis, S. Norton, R. Munger, U. Strolenberg","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1996.suc.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1996.suc.1","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is to correct refractive error permanently and provide patients with optimized visual performance without corrective lenses. If high contrast visual acuity is used as the measure of visual performance, numerous studies can document the stability and predictability of PRK, particularly for mild to moderate myopes. The vast majority of individuals in these studies remain within one line of their pre-operative, best-corrected acuity, while greatly improving their uncorrected visual acuity.1-4","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129825075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retinal Laser Spot Size with Wavelength","authors":"B. Rockwell, D. Stolarski, R. Thomas","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1996.ma.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1996.ma.5","url":null,"abstract":"National laser safety standards are based on minimal visual lesion threshold (MVL) studies in different animal models. The energy required for a retinal lesion depends upon many parameters including wavelength and retinal spot size. We attempt to explain trends in reported minimum visible lesion threshold studies using a model which represents every layer of the eye. There currently exists a lack of minimum visible lesion data in the near-infrared region of the electro-magnetic spectrum. To address these deficiencies, we extend our calculations into this wavelength regime to predict expected trends.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129722304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Videokeratoscope Using a Distorted Checkerboard Target","authors":"J. Schwiegerling, Joseph M. Miller","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1998.ma.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.ma.4","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of commercially available videokeratoscopes use Placido disk technology.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127135202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical Quality of Progressive Addition Lenses","authors":"OD Pierre Simonet, Gagné Jocelyne","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1996.sua.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1996.sua.1","url":null,"abstract":"The optical characteristics of progressive addition lenses can be assessed by several techniques1-3. The most common is the measurement of peripheral powers using a scanning focimeter or an equivalent device4-8. However, when considering the optical performance of such lenses, these techniques do not take into account the limitations brought upon by the eye itself.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"IA-23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126563700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time Series Analysis of PRL Movement during Fixation","authors":"R. Schuchard, Shawn Cooper, V. Lakshminarayanan","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1996.thb.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1996.thb.1","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies of eccentric PRLs (preferred retinal loci) due to central scotoma have documented that the PRLs for fixation are significantly larger than foveal PRLs for fixation (e.g., (Schuchard and Raasch, 1992; Fletcher and Schuchard, 1995)). The fixation target can be found within a 9 degree or smaller retinal area for eccentric PRLs while foveal PRLs (i.e., normally functioning foveas) usually keep the fixation target within a 2 degree or smaller retinal area. These previous investigations of PRLs for fixation have studied the two dimensional spatial characteristics of monocular PRLs but not the dynamic temporal/spatial characteristics of the PRL during fixation. Therefore, it is not known whether the increased PRL size is due to larger drifts and/or microsaccades during fixation (although from this point on we will refer to the microsaccades as jerks since these small jumps can be quite large for some subjects).","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121477660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Spatial Distribution of Human Macular Pigment","authors":"M. L. Bieber, J. Werner","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1998.fa.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.fa.3","url":null,"abstract":"Fundus photography, entoptic visualization and psychophysical evidence all indicate that the peak density of the macular pigment (MP) is in the fovea and it decreases in density with increasing retinal eccentricity.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130394737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contrast Dependence of Multifocal ERG Components","authors":"M. Bearse, E. Sutter","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1998.fb.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.fb.2","url":null,"abstract":"Multifocal techniques 1 are becoming more widely used to record the electroretinogram (ERG) in both research and clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131091749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aging Changes in the Human Accommodative Process","authors":"J. Koretz, C. A. Cook, P. Kaufman","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1997.saa.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.saa.1","url":null,"abstract":"Accommodation, the process by which the human eye focuses on near objects, takes place through carefully controlled changes of the crystalline lens in shape, thickness, and anterior surface location relative to the cornea. These changes, which involve an elastic recovery of the lens upon accommodation from the maximally stressed and flattened non-accommodated lens shape, are coupled with the contraction of the ciliary muscle, which itself changes in shape and location relative to fixed points within the globe. The refractive range over which accommodation can occur is age-dependent. In youthful eyes, the range can be as great as 15 diopters, but the near point recedes steadily with increasing age in the adult eye until, by about 50 yr, it closely approaches the far point. This diminution in accommodative range is accompanied by other aging changes in the lens, ciliary muscle, and anterior segment geometry.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132365233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Higher Order Aberrations on Image Quality in the Human Eye","authors":"Junzhong Liang, David R. Williams","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1995.saa2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1995.saa2","url":null,"abstract":"Though measurements of the wave aberrations of the human eye have been made with several techniques1-3, there remains considerable uncertainty about the contribution of higher order aberrations to the optical quality of the human eye4. Knowledge of very high order aberrations is important, for example, because they may limit resolution in fundus imaging. We have constructed a wavefront sensor based on the Hartmann-Shack principle3 to measure the contribution of higher order aberrations in a number of eyes. A point source from a 632.8 nm laser is imaged on the retina and the light reflected from the retina returns through the pupil of the eye. A two-dimensional array of lenslets is conjugate with the eye's pupil, dividing the wavefront exiting the eye into a large number of individual beams. The light from each lenslet is focused on a CCD array, produced an array of spots. Fig. 1a shows the regular array of spots that would have been obtained from a perfect eye with no aberrations; Fig. 1b shows the distorted array of spots obtained with a real human eye. Aberrations in the eye's optics cause displacements in the positions of the spots from which the wavefront error of the eye can be reconstructed.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134214326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability of Target Fixation","authors":"R. Bolzani, E. Campos, A. Dickmann, J. Enoch","doi":"10.1364/vsia.1995.sae15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1995.sae15","url":null,"abstract":"High resolution commercially available devices allow measurement of small eye movements during target fixation. Preliminary results are presented of an experimental study whose aim is to analyze relations between target characteristics and stability during fixation with and without a second randomly located peripheral target, in binocular and monocular vision. The initial data are collected from a binocular testing without a second peripheral target.","PeriodicalId":428257,"journal":{"name":"Vision Science and its Applications","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124296689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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