Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology最新文献

{"title":"A NEW MODEL OF PERMEABILITY OF TERRIGENOUS GRANULAR RESERVOIRS ON THE EXAMPLE OF TURNEY DEPOSITS OF YABLUNIVSKE OIL AND GAS CONDENSATE FIELD OF THE DNIEPER-DONETS BASIN","authors":"V. Sobol, O. Karpenko","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.92.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"20 1","pages":"61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84452762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPROACHES TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE KRYVYI RIH IRON ORE BASIN PLANNING AT THE POST-MINING STAGE","authors":"М. Коrzhnev, M. Kurilo, S. Коshаrnа","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.92.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81504054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS OF OIL-POLLUTED AREAS OF PRE-CARPATHIAN","authors":"V. Lopushnyak, H. Hrytsulyak, O. Tonkha, O. Menshov, O. Pikovsʹka, S. Sychevsʹkyy","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.93.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the results of research on the content of heavy metals in sod-podzolic soils of oil-contaminated areas of Ivano-Frankivsk region. Contamination of soils with petroleum products causes severe ecological consequences for ecosystems. The aim of the research was to study the peculiarities of the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, underground part and vegetative mass of sylphia perforated in the conditions of cultivation in oil-contaminated areas. The content of mobile forms of heavy metals in soils did not exceed the norms in all variants of the experiment. During the cultivation of Sylphia perfoliatum, it grew in a number: cadmium → nickel → cobalt → lead. The concentration of heavy metals in the soil was determined, which reflects the change in the content of the element in the test soil relative to the content of metals in the background soil. The coefficients of concentration of mobile forms of heavy metals in oil-contaminated soil for the cultivation of perforated sylphia for the application of fertilizers based on sewage sludge and compost based on them increased in a number: cobalt → lead → nickel → cadmium. Peculiarities of heavy metals accumulation in the vegetative mass of perforated sylphia have been established. Indices of intra-tissue heavy metal contamination of the root system of sylphia perforated with the introduction of sewage sludge increase in the following series: cadmium → nickel → lead → cobalt. The maximum indices of contamination of sylphia roots permeated with cadmium, nickel and cobalt are observed for the introduction into the soil of ERUs at a rate of 40 t / ha and N10P14K58, lead – for the application of compost at a rate of 30 t/ha and N30K55. The lowest indices of intratissue contamination with heavy metals of the roots of sylphia perfoliatum were noted for the application of fertilizer N60P60K60.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77301252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SELF ORGANIZING NEURAL MAPS IN THE PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGICAL MONITORING","authors":"O. Getmanets, M. Pelikhatyi","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.93.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.13","url":null,"abstract":"There is a certain problem in ecological monitoring of the environment state according to the measured values of a certain abiotic factor. Namely, how to build a continuous map of environmental pollution throughout the controlled area, based on the results of measurements carried out at a finite number of points inside the controlled territory. The aim of the work is to study the possibility of using the method of self organizing neural maps (SOM) for the problems of the ecological monitoring of the environment, and specifically for building an accurate continuous map of environmental pollution on the ground. The materials and methods of researches are the results of measurements the ambient equivalent of the continuous X-ray and gamma radiation dose rate on a territory of the historical center of Kharkiv has been used as research materials; processing of the obtained data by SOM's methods using MatLab 8.1 and STATISTICA 10 computer programs has been done. Results: in the process of 1000 self-learning cycles of a neural network of 100 initial active neurons randomly located on the controlled area map, 25 neural clusters have been obtained, the coordinates of the centers of which practically coincided with the 25 control points coordinates. A continuous map of the background radiation on the controlled area has been built. The accuracy of this map was no worse than 0.25 μR/hour. Conclusions: the possibility of using the SOM methods to build a continuous map of the level of environmental pollution on the ground based on the results of measuring the values of a certain abiotic factor in a finite number of points has been proven. It has been proven that this method is more accurate compared to the methods of regression mapping and cluster analysis, from which it is essentially different. The possibilities for a significant improvement in the accuracy of the method lie in increasing the number of initial neurons on the terrain map and the number of iterations during their training.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76018460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOCAL MECHANISM OF THE LITHUANIAN EARTHQUAKE OF BASED ON WAVEFORM INVERSION","authors":"D. Malytskyy, V. Nikulins","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.94.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.94.05","url":null,"abstract":"The aim: Determination of focal mechanism of Lithuanian earthquake of 12.06.15 (t0 = 08:18:26.4; 55.52° N, 21.40° E; hs = 0.9 км.; ML = 2.6) by waveform inversion using direct waves and a limited number of stations. Method: Matrix method is used for modelling of seismic wave propagation in the medium modelled as horizontally layered heterogeneous elastic structure. There were obtained the relations of displacement waves on the free surface that were used for seismic tensor determination using only direct P- and S- waves. Determination of seismic tensor and the focal mechanism on the base of developed method for a point source is described. Thus, based on forward modeling, numerical techniques are developed for the inversion of observed waveforms for the components of moment tensor. Results: In the paper, a method is presented for the focal mechanism determination of Lithuanian earthquake of 12.06.15 (ML = 2.6) by waveform inversion using limited number of stations. The focal mechanism is determined using the data from two stations: PABE, SLIТ and from three stations: PABE, MTSE, SLIТ. These seismic stations are the part of BAVSEN (BalticVirtualSeismicNetwork). Scientific novelty: 1. In the paper, a method is presented for moment tensor inversion for the focal mechanism determination of events with a low seismicity. The East Baltic region (EBR) is the region with low seismicity. 2. The focal mechanism is determined using the data from a limited number of stations. Practical significance: The results of focal mechanism determination can be used to study seismicity for regions with a low seismicity using a limited number of stations.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90490583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE REACTION OF ANASTOMOSING RIVER FLUVIAL SYSTEMS TO THE OPERATION OF A HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT","authors":"S. Bortnyk, O. Obodovskyi, P. Gerszewski, J. Szmańda, M. Luc, M. Habel, Karol Witkowski, N. Pohorilchuk","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.95.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.95.13","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of the hydroelectric power plant is one of the main reasons for the transformation of river runoff. The change in the hydrological regime affects several other processes taking place in the river channel, including the transformation of its geomorphological features. The article presents the impact of the Kaniv and Włocławek dams on the hydrological regime of the middle Dnieper River and the lower Vistula River. The nature and magnitude of changes in the Dnieper and The Vistula rivers flow regime caused by the functioning of the dams were determined using IHA (Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration) and the RVA (The Range of Variability Approach) method. It was demonstrated that the operation of the hydroelectric power plant especially in the hydropeaking system is the cause of a large flow alteration in respect of the frequency and duration of low- and high-flow pulses and the rate and frequency of change in the flow. It was assessed how the change in flow conditions in connection with the deficit of sediments affected the transformation of the Vistula and Dnieper river channels downstream of the dams. Based on our results, the reaction of the fluvial system to changes in the flow regime caused by the operation of the Kaniv and Włocławek hydroelectric power plants consisted in: 1) changing the width and depth of channels; 2) changing the size of the forms separating channels; 3) fixation of the anastomosing fluvial system. More dynamic water flows due to the operation of hydroelectric power plants modify and dynamize the natural process of evolution of a fluvial system into an anastomosing system by causing the incision and narrowing of the main channels, because of which the side channels occupy a higher position above them. On the other hand, the equalization of the water flow in the channels causes a decrease in the water level and the disappearance of the flow in the side channels. As a result, the islands separated by these channels merge and inter-channel areas are formed.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76979897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHODS FOR PREDICTING THE LITHOLOGICAL AND FACIES CHARACTERIZATION OF DEEPLY SUBMERGED PROSPECTIVE OIL AND GAS DEPOSITS","authors":"S. Aliyeva","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.92.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"61 1","pages":"88-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88136806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL ESTIMATION OF THE SPREADING OF TECHNOGENIC ELEMENTS IN THE TERRITORY OF KIVERTSIV NATIONAL NATURAL PARK \"TSUMANSKA PUSHCHA\"","authors":"A. Splodytel","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.93.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.02","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of heavy metals content in the soils of the territory showed its heterogeneous distribution and dependence on available sources of technogenic impact. Geochemical accumulation coefficients were calculated and analyzed. The highest concentrations of manganese and chromium are in soils developed on forest deposits. The highest concentrations of nickel and copper are in soils developed on water-glacial deposits. Most of the studied heavy metals exceed the regional geochemical background. In terms of gross content in soils, trace elements form the following geochemical series: Zn> Cu> Pb> Ni> Mn> Cr. Accumulation of lead in forest deposits up to 2-3 MPC was defined. Most heavy metals in the soil are nonuniformity distributed. High values of the variation coefficient (V) – more than 34 % – are typical for inhomogeneous set of data on the concentrations of all investigated heavy metals. The highest index of variation was defined for lead concentration and equal to 170%, the lowest values were obtained for chromium content and equal to 34 % and zinc – 36 %. In the investigated soils there are two types of micronutrient distribution: elements accumulation in organic horizons with concentration decrease in the lower part of the profile and distribution by sedentary – illuvial type. The first type is characterized by increasing distribution of the following elements Zn, Pb; the second one is characterized Co, Ni, Cu, Mn. The ecological and geochemical assessment of technogenic elements distribution of the NNP Tsumanska Pushcha territory is made on the basis of the comparison of technogenic geochemical specialization of different environments (water, soils, etc.). For assessing the role of landscape components in the general geochemical anomaly of the territory, it is proposed to create total ecological and geochemical estimations. It represents the total values of pollutant concentration coefficients in individual components. Further researchers should focus on the analysis of macronutrients and genetic types of soils; determination of the reference content of elements in geochemical landscapes for defining intensity migration and characteristics of elements distribution; conducting biogeochemical zoning.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78434581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STRATIFICATION OF CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS OF THE SECTION ¹ 29 – ZAKHIDNOÎKTYABRSKA (KARKINITSKO-NORTH CRIMEAN TROUGH) BY PALYNOLOGICAL DATA","authors":"O. Shevchuk, D. Pustovoitova","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.94.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.94.03","url":null,"abstract":"The Karkinitsko-North Crimean trough is a promising region of Ukraine for the search for hydrocarbons, and one of the main oil and gas complexes is the Cretaceous.Therefore, a detailed biostratigraphic subdivision of the Cretaceous sediments is important and necessary, which are the basis for further prospecting work and for the correlation of North Crimean trough with the similar age deposits of the adjacent regions. The Neocomian strata are especially problematic for subdivision and correlation. According to the results of the study of microphytofossils, the stratification of Cretaceous deposits of the Karkinitsko-North Crimean trough was carried out on the example of the supporting well ¹ 29 – Zakhidnoîktyabrska. There are four spore-pollen complexes: Barremian, Aptian, Albian and Cenomanian. For the first time, the Cretaceous deposits were dissected according to the systematic composition of dinocysts, as well as the paleontological characteristics of sediments by other groups of microfossils – spores and pollen of higher plants, remnants of green algae, acritarchsand miñroforaminifers.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85984311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLICATION OF SEISMOTOMOGRAPHY METHODS FOR SOLVING VARIOUS PROBLEMS IN THE MINING AND GEOLOGICAL DIRECTION","authors":"A. Sadchikov, N. Zhelaeva, J. Tokusheva, M. Ponomareva","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.92.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.07","url":null,"abstract":"The Karaganda coal basin is characterized by a complex structure. The presence of geological inconsistencies such as tectonic disturbances, washouts, variable reservoir hypsometry, etc. makes it difficult to conduct underground mining operations. Currently, in the world practice, mine seismic exploration is widely used for the purpose of studying the geological structure and solving various mining problems. Safe and productive operation of treatment faces in underground coal mining requires a timely and reliable forecast of the mining and geological conditions of the structure and condition of the coal-bearing mass from the mine workings. The most accurate and reliable picture of the tectonic structure of the Carboniferous massif can be obtained using methods of mine seismic exploration to study the geological structure and conditions of the coal bed and host rocks. The main goal of implementing modern methods of mine seismic exploration was to conduct mathematical modeling to assess the possibility of identifying tectonic disturbances with an offset amplitude of the order of magnitude and higher than the reservoir capacity using various methods of underground seismic exploration - the seismic transmission method (STM) and the reflected wave method (RWM). For this purpose, physical models of sections of the Carboniferous massif were developed, including a geometric description of geological structures, the distribution of rock densities, velocities, wave propagation and their influence on compression, and the shift of the mountain range. One of the models corresponded to a section of the formation without geological disturbances, and the second one - to a section with tectonic disturbances with displacement amplitudes from 5 to 15 m. The results obtained can be used in the development of modern effective methods for predicting the state of the mountain range in complex mining and geological conditions of both the Karaganda coal basin and other coal basins with a complex geological structure. Initially, seismic surveys were performed using the method of reflected waves using the common depth point method. However, the problem of obtaining an objective image of the geological environment is still relevant, due to the peculiarities of elastic wave excitation in mine conditions (features of the generated wave field, patterns of its propagation, the direction of the source). The method of mine seismic survey based on channel and boundary waves registration was developed and applied. This method allows obtaining a detailed geological and geophysical model of the field site. Due to the processing of both types of waves, the resolution of the method is increased to obtain information about both the coal bed and the host rocks, and, in particular, the state of the roof of the formation. The method of measurements in mine conditions is presented, the results of testing the method of performing field work in mine conditions are shown, and seismi","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"22 1","pages":"50-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80491040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}