Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology最新文献

{"title":"REGIONAL MINERAL AND RAW MATERIAL BASES AS A KEY FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE DURING THE WAR AND POST-WAR PERIODS","authors":"S. Vyzhva, M. Kurylo, I. Virshilo","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.10","url":null,"abstract":"In the study, an analysis of the regional components of the mineral and raw material base of Ukraine was carried out, and its structure was determined. Regions were analyzed according to a number of basic characteristics: the intensity of subsoil use, minerals production, the level of geological study, the level of industrial development of explored mineral reserves, and the presence of strategically important minerals. It was determined that the main disadvantage of individual regional components of the mineral raw material base is the uneven distribution of reserves and inferred resources, as well as the asymmetric distribution of consumers of mineral raw materials. The changes in the regional structure of the mineral and raw material base of Ukraine were analyzed and directions for their optimization were determined in order to achieve balanced indicators of development. The results indicate significant differences in the structure of the mineral base of individual regions. The number of mineral deposits varies significantly – from ≈100 to ≈700, exploited deposits – from 35 to ≈300. The average values of these indicators in Ukraine are 348 and 130 objects. The average rate of objects involved in industrial development by region is 37%. Characteristics such as the structure of explored reserves by type of minerals and the size and quality of reserves are determined. In order to provide the regions with construction materials and fuel resources in a timely and continuous manner, an up-to-date reassessment of the regional mineral and raw material bases is necessary, taking into account the damages and violations that occurred as a result of military operations, and with the assessment of modern needs and opportunities of the damaged infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74463078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HISTORY, CURRENT STATE AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF GEOELECTROMAGNETIC RESEARCH IN UKRAINE","authors":"T. Burakhovich, A. Kushnir","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.07","url":null,"abstract":"The current state and prospects for the development of geoelectromagnetic methods are considered. Problems and ways to solve them, new ideas and new tasks are discussed. Modern experimental methods of observations, universal software complexes for their processing, methods of three-dimensional model building of various geological and tectonic units of Ukraine are analyzed. The geological and geophysical interpretation results of regional and local three-dimensional models are shown. Geoelectrical inhomogeneities in the earth's crust and upper mantle of Ukraine, which are characterized by abnormally low and abnormally high values of resistivity, have been revealed. Zones of high conductivity that reach the surface are defined by subvertical heterogeneity and form a galvanically connected system. It spatially correlates with deep faults of various ranks, identified by geological data. The nature of conductivity anomalies at the depth of up to 2.5 km is due to the presence of conductive mineral associations (sulfides, graphite) in the zones of metasomatic processing rocks that lead to the formation of ore mineralization (uranium, gold, rare metals). In the earth's crust at the depths of 5–30 km and the upper mantle of 50–120 km, most likely, traces of the influence of modern mantle fluids are reflected. More and more often, according to the latest data, the nature of anomalies is considered as the result of the joint activity of electronic and ionic conductivity. Conductivity anomalies of the earth's crust and upper mantle indicate possible zones of geodynamic activation, and deep faults are defined by zones of increased permeability through which mantle fluids are unloaded through the lithosphere. In particular, the connection of conductivity anomalies on the territory of Ukraine with the processes of petroleum and ore deposit formation is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72483531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOPHYSICS OF PEDOSPHERE IN KYIV UNIVERSITY","authors":"L. Horoshkova, О. Menshov","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides modelling aimed at the management system design for the rational extraction and use of mineral resources of Ukraine applying the case of construction non-metallic minerals to ensure the country's post-war recovery. The projection volumes for production and rational use formed taking into account the needs of technologically related industries have been suggested. The official statistical data analysis on the production volumes of construction stone, construction sand and expanded clay raw materials during the studied period (15 years) have been carried out. It has been found out that indicators' fluctuations both in production volumes and their growth rates have a periodic, cyclical nature. They are correlated and related to the general economic condition of the construction industry and the country. It has been proven that solving the problem of minerals rational use is possible through their balanced extraction, namely putting correlation between extraction and utilization volumes. The authors' economic-mathematical model of forecasting the development of complex systems has been used to forecast industry's development. It has been proven that the model will allow managing the production of technologically related minerals depending on their utilization volumes. It has been proven that amid war conditions due to the destruction of the country's infrastructure, there is a need to make model adjustments for balanced extraction and use of construction non-metallic minerals, taking into account generated construction waste and the needs of the post-war country's and its infrastructure's recovery. Modelling was carried out taking into account the new conditions of the industry's and the country's development. A five-year forecast has been made for the production and utilization of construction sand, construction stone and expanded clay.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73088384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR EXTRACTION OF ENERGY RESOURCES IN ASTROBLEMS OF UKRAINE","authors":"I. Bagriy, I. Hafуch, S. Payuk, E. Solodkyy, K. Yaroshovets-Baranova","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.11","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the results of complex studies of the structure and prospects of oil and gas bearing impact structures (astroblems) of Ukraine are based on the introduction of the latest technologies and equipment complexes. The purpose of the research is to assess the prospects for the production of energy resources in the astroblems of Ukraine (hydrocarbons, oil shale, brown coal, hydrogen, helium) according to the STHAGC. The paper is based on the factual material made up of the results of many years of field surveys performed according to the integrated practice of structural, thermal, hydrological, atmogeochemical surveys (STHAGC) of the impact structures. This technique has proved successful as a practical tool for prospecting of mineral reserves (hydrocarbons, underground waters) and solution of ecological problems in various regions of Ukraine (the land and water areas of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov). Impact structures (astroblems) should be regarded as non-traditional sources of the energy feedstock, namely, oil and gas. Prospecting and operation of these sources will permit to significantly enlarge the energy potential within the shortest time and strengthen the national security of the country. The main targets of the surveys performed by the monograph authors were the following impact structures in Ukraine: Bovtyska and Obolonska. The Bovtyskа structure is proposed as a primary object for purposeful geological exploration.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76506156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYTICAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF SMALL HYDROENERGETICS AND HYDROENERGETIC POTENTIAL OF UKRAINIAN RIVERS","authors":"O. Obodovskiy, O. Kryvets","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.14","url":null,"abstract":"The main directions and analysis of research in the field of hydropower and hydropower potential of Ukrainian rivers are established. A brief review of the classification of small hydropower plants is given. Estimates of hydropower potential of rivers are considered. The ecological aspects of the use of hydropower potential of rivers are highlighted. Tendencies of development of Ukrainian power engineering and, in particular, hydropower are analyzed. The role of \"green\" tariff for electric energy produced by small hydropower is shown. The role of \"Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030\" in the field of small hydropower is highlighted. The methodical approaches to environmental impact assessment in the construction of small hydropower plants are characterized. The prospects for using the hydropower potential of Ukrainian rivers and a proposed new technological paradigm for the development of small hydropower in Ukraine was assessed.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90144857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LANDSLIDE HAZARD PREDICTION AND IMPACT ON COMMINITY: MAIN APPROACHES, PRINCIPLES AND METHODS","authors":"О. Ivanik, V. Shevchuk, D. Kravchenko, К. Haduatska","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.01","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of predicting the landslide hazard is a priority area of research in the field of assessment of risks and natural disasters, which requires a comprehensive in-depth analysis of the factors of landslide formation, as well as the synthesis of existed theorethical and empiric data for a full understanding of the problem of landslide hazard and comprehensive assessment of its impact on community. The presented research is aimed at the development, implementation, and application of a comprehensive methodology for predicting landslide hazards and assessing their impact on the infrustructure. The research was carried out within the framework of national and international projects with the partiсipation of international partners from universities in France, Austria and Great Britain. The methodology of regional landslide hazard prediction for different structural regions of Ukraine is based on the methods of spatial modelling and aims at the landslide susseptibility mapping, creating multifactorial spatial models. As a result of a comprehensive analysis of landslide factors and spatial modelling integrated landslide hazard maps were created. These maps provide an opportunity to comprehensively assess the landslide hazard for different regions. Methods of local prediction of landslide hazard based on the application of a rational complex of geological, physical, remote, thermographic studies, and deterministic modelling enable to identify the main features and potential activity of landslide processes within landslide-prone areas and suggest preventive measures for risk mitigation. Examples of the integrated methodology applications for landslide hazard prediction within model sites in Kaniv and Kyiv regions are given. The concept of informing people about the potential geohazards was given.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75957544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEM LABORATORY OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL RESEARCH OF ROCKS OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV. 50 YEARS OF UNIVERSITY SCIENCE","authors":"O. Shabatura","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.04","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of the Problem laboratory of physical and chemical research of rocks of the Geological faculty (Institute of Geology) of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv is closely related to the development of the geological branch of Ukraine. Many years of geochemical and petrophysical research on numerous and diverse geological objects laid the foundation for the formation of the scientific school \"Applied petrogeochemistry and petrophysics of igneous rocks\", under the leadership of prof. M.I.Tolstoy. The short article provides the main development milestones, the scientific and applied phasing of the Problem Laboratory, as well as an incomplete list of the achievements of the laboratory's employees and people related to it.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75967571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTI-CAUCASIAN FOLDING OF THE KURA-SOUTH CASPIAN HOLLOW (BY THE EXAMPLE OF SOUTH CASPIAN BASIN AND CIS-LESSER CAUCASIAN TROUGH)","authors":"E. Pogorelova, M. Abdulla-zada","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.03","url":null,"abstract":"The South Caspian Basin (SCB) is the deepest submerged sedimentary basin in the World and occupies the entire southern deep-water part of the Caspian Sea and the Kura and West Turkmenian lowlands adjacent to it from the west and east. The SCB has the thinnest (6...8 km) consolidated oceanic-type crust and the thickest sedimentary cover (25...30 km). The thickness of the Pliocene-Quaternary deposits is 10...12 km. The thickness of the main oil and gas complex – Productive-Red-Colored Strata of the Lower Pliocene is 7 ... 8 km. More than 6 km of volcanic-sedimentary deposits accumulated within the Lesser Caucasian trough at the Mesozoic stage of development. However, in the western part of the trough the translucent pre-Jurassic basement which has a northeastern orientation formed a similar orientation of the overlying deposits. All of the above mentioned events took place under conditions of compression in the north of SCB which were realized at the level of the consolidated crust by subduction, and at the level of the sedimentary cover by structure forming processes. Primary migration passes into the lateral from the submerged zones to the uplifted ones. Deep faults that have formed transverse folding can also serve as migration routes. The submerged predominantly gas-bearing depositional zone of the Productive Strata is represented by folding of both Caucasian and anti-Caucasian strike. Despite the fact that the Kura-South-Caspian depression at the present stage covers the territory from the Dziruly massif in the west to the West Turkmenian depression in the east inclusive as a single negative structural element, in the Mesozoic time as follows from the above it represented two independent areas of subsidence and sediments accumulation in the Transcaucasian microcontinent (western part) and the Greater Caucasian-South Caspian rift basin (eastern part). Therefore, the anti-Caucasian folding of the Kura-South Caspian depression has a different genesis and naturally a different oil and gas potential.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89016322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIGHLY PROSPECTIVE OBJECTS OF THE MINERAL AND RAW MATERIAL BASE OF UKRAINE. PART 1. METALLIC MINERALS","authors":"V. Mykhailov","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.09","url":null,"abstract":"A short description of the highly promising mineral and raw material base of metallic minerals of Ukraine is provided. It includes the following deposits and occurrences: complex carbonatite rare metal-apatite Novopoltavske deposit (REE, Nb, Ta, P2O5); complex zirconium-rare-earth-niobium Mazurivske (Oktyabrske) deposit (REE, Zr, Nb); complex rare earth-zirconium Azovske deposit (REE, Zr); Anadolske rare earth deposit (REE); rare earth occurrences Petrovo-Hnutivske (RZE) and Balka Korabelna (RZE); placer complex ilmenite-zirconium deposits Malyshevske (Ti, Zr) and Tarasivske (Ti, Zr); indigenous complex rare-earth-zirconium Yastrubetske deposit (REE, Zr); Shevchenkivske deposit of spodumene ores (Li); Polokhivske deposit of petalite ores (Li); Stankuvatske deposit of spodumene-petalite ores (Li); manifestation of Kruta Balka (Li); Zhovtorichenske complex iron-uranium-vanadium-scandium deposit (Sc, Fe, U, V); coal of the Donetsk basin (Ge). Among the metallic minerals of Ukraine, these deposits have the highest level of investment attractiveness, the lowest investment risks, are characterized by an average level of competition and can be recommended as priority objects for investment in their study and industrial development. To determine the investment prospects of specific objects, a preliminary geological and economic assessment of the feasibility and profitability of their industrial development is necessary.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72721062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRETACEOUS RIFTING IN THE GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE UKRAINIAN SECTOR OF THE BLACK SEA","authors":"S. Stovba, P. Fenota, A. Tyshchenko, D. Vengrovich, О. Khriashchevska","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.100.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.06","url":null,"abstract":"Within the Ukrainian sector of the Black Sea, the Albian-Cenomanian rift faults formed three large rift basins, which consisted of a system of grabens and half-grabens. One of the sublatitude rift basins occupied the modern Karkinit Trough, Krylov-Zmiiny Uplift, Gubkin Ridge and the Sulina Depression on the Odesa Shelf. The second sublatitude basin occupied the modern Tetyaev High, Sorokin Trough, Marine Continuation of the Crimean Folds and, apparently, the Crimean Mountains. The third rift basin extended from the northwest to the southeast and encompassed the Euxinian Graben, Andrusov Ridge, Eastern Black Sea Basin, and Shatskiy High. The greatest depth of the base of the rift sequence is observed in the central part of the Western Black Sea Basin, where it is 15.5–16.5 km. In the Eastern Black Sea basin, the maximum depth is 12.5–13.5 km. The shallowest depths of the base of the rift sequence are characteristic of the Kalamit Swell and the Marine Continuation of the Crimean Folds. During the Cenozoic phases of compression, almost all rift (half)grabens underwent intense folding and vertical movements from several hundreds of meters to 4–5 km. At the same time, most of the rift faults underwent partial or complete inversion.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72725603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}