Estonian Journal of Archaeology最新文献

A ‘Roman Brass’ Age: a transformation in copper-alloy composition in Estonia and northern Latvia during the Roman Iron Age, identified by pXRF “罗马黄铜”时代:在罗马铁器时代，爱沙尼亚和拉脱维亚北部铜合金成分的转变，由pXRF确定

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2023.1.01

Marcus Adrian Roxburgh, marcus

{"title":"A ‘Roman Brass’ Age: a transformation in copper-alloy composition in Estonia and northern Latvia during the Roman Iron Age, identified by pXRF","authors":"Marcus Adrian Roxburgh, marcus","doi":"10.3176/arch.2023.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/arch.2023.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Brass quickly overtook bronze as the dominant copper alloy across vast areas of the Roman world and beyond during the 1st century BC. It has also been established that the quality of this brass changed over time. To establish whether a rapid transition from bronze to brass also took place in the north-eastern Baltic, over 1200 copper-alloy objects were analysed non-destructively by pXRF. They were primarily sourced from the tarand cemeteries of Estonia and northern Latvia, which date to the Pre-Roman and Roman Iron Ages. The aim was to establish which alloys were in use during these periods, then to determine whether any chronological trends were visible and, if so, for which typological groups. The results show that there was a major shift from bronze to brass towards the end of the Pre-Roman and the early Roman Iron Ages. This is followed by a decline in the use of brass in favour of gunmetal over the following centuries. The results also suggest the existence of an introductory period when traditional bronze and newly arriving brass items circulated together. However, this period better matches a time slightly earlier than that traditionally proposed for the start of Estonia’s Roman Iron Age. This pXRF survey presents a better understanding of the arrival of brass in the north-eastern Baltic and adds to our knowledge about the effectiveness of long distance trade and communication networks that transferred new objects, ideas, and technologies to these distant communities.","PeriodicalId":42767,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Archaeology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89751344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stone Age imitation of a slotted bone point from Pärnu River (south-western Estonia) 来自Pärnu河(爱沙尼亚西南部)的石器时代有缝骨尖的仿制品

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2023.1.03

T. Jonuks, S. Chen, A. Kriiska, E. Oras, S. Presslee, A. Uueni

引用次数: 0

Wrecked trade – a medieval ship in the Gulf of Finland 芬兰湾失事的一艘中世纪商船

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2023.1.02

R. Tevali

引用次数: 0

JÄGALA JÕESUU V STONE AGE SETTLEMENT SITE IN NORTHERN ESTONIA: SPATIAL AND CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF FINDS JÄgala jÕesuu v爱沙尼亚北部石器时代定居点:发现的空间和背景分析

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2022.2.01

I. Khrustaleva, A. Kriiska

引用次数: 1

FIRST AMS 14C DATING OF BRONZE AND PRE-ROMAN IRON AGE CREMATED BONES FROM BARROWS IN WESTERN LITHUANIA: RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION 立陶宛西部古墓中发现的青铜和前罗马铁器时代火化骨头的第一个ams 14c年代测定:结果和解释

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2022.2.03

L. Muradian

引用次数: 0

The age of the stone-cist graves at the lower reaches of the Pirita River reconsidered: analysis of the radiocarbon data 重新考虑皮里塔河下游石囊坟墓的年代:放射性碳数据的分析

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2022.1.02

M. Laneman

{"title":"The age of the stone-cist graves at the lower reaches of the Pirita River reconsidered: analysis of the radiocarbon data","authors":"M. Laneman","doi":"10.3176/arch.2022.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/arch.2022.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"The area around the lower reaches of the Pirita River in northern coastal Estonia is a unique region where the majority of the known stone-cist cemeteries have been excavated. The number of such cemeteries is seven or eight, with approximately 50 excavated stone mounds. A profound study by Valter Lang in the 1990s, proceeding mainly from artefact finds, dated the stone-cist cemeteries of the area to roughly 600–200 BC, with one exception in 800–500 BC. The current paper summarises and discusses the recently obtained and partly published radiocarbon dates of the skeletons from these sites, including the hitherto unpublished data from Iru 18 and Kuristiku 4. A total of 28 radiocarbon dates has been obtained from nine graves of probably five cemeteries. The numbers are regrettably small, the main reason being the absence of proper excavation and osteological records, which are a prerequisite of consequential and efficient radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon data suggest that the majority if not all cemeteries had been established between 1100 and 900 or 800 BC, and the last graves were added around 400 BC at the latest. A few graves also contained burials from the subsequent centuries. This is consistent with data from stone-cist graves in other regions of Estonia. The discrepancies between the radiocarbon dates and the dates based on artefact typo-chronologies suggest certain caution, although the most likely explanation of the differences lies in the absence of closed find complexes, which has always presented a challenge to the dating of stone-cist graves.","PeriodicalId":42767,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Archaeology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76771765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What is hidden underneath the black and brown on Silesian glassware? About the archaeometric challenge in the study of painted decorations on Late-Medieval and Post-Medieval finds from Wrocław, SW of Poland 西里西亚玻璃器皿的黑色和棕色下面隐藏着什么?关于在波兰西南部Wrocław发现的中世纪晚期和后中世纪绘画装饰研究中的考古挑战

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2022.1.03

B. Miazga

{"title":"What is hidden underneath the black and brown on Silesian glassware? About the archaeometric challenge in the study of painted decorations on Late-Medieval and Post-Medieval finds from Wrocław, SW of Poland","authors":"B. Miazga","doi":"10.3176/arch.2022.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/arch.2022.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the post-medieval period, painted glass vessels were not uncommon and are found during archaeological excavations, especially in urban sites. In the first quarter of the 21st century in Wroc ł aw, a considerable collection of painted glassware was obtained during excavations: some of these artefacts were characterised by multicoloured painted decorations, while others seemed to be made using a modest colour palette, mainly brown and black. It was decided to take a closer look at the latter vessels and establish the cause of such differences. For this purpose, non-destructive and minimally invasive analytical tools were employed, commonly used to study archaeological artefacts, such as microscopic observations in visible light (OM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) or scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). In the course of archaeometric research, the results confirmed the assumptions about the significant contamination of painted decorations by mineral substances, especially iron and sulphur. The deposition of these elements on the surface of paint caused a permanent change in the colour of decorations on glass vessels.","PeriodicalId":42767,"journal":{"name":"Estonian Journal of Archaeology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88202568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FAMILIAR YET UNKNOWN? COMINES’ TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN FLANDERS AND ITS CLOTH SEAL FINDS 熟悉却未知?法兰德斯Comines纺织业及其布密封发现

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2022.2.02

E. Russow, M. Mordovin, I. Prokhnenko

引用次数: 0

AN INTEGRATED RESULT OF GIS-BASED APPROACH TO PALAEOGEOGRAPHICAL RECONSTRUCTIONS AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF COASTAL PALAEOLAGOONS AT THE MOUTHS OF THE RIVERS VIHTERPALU, TEENUSE AND VELISE (WESTERN ESTONIA) 以地理信息系统为基础的古地理重建和维特帕卢、泰努斯和韦里斯(爱沙尼亚西部)河口沿岸古古湖考古调查的综合结果

IF 1 1区历史学

Estonian Journal of Archaeology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3176/arch.2022.2.04

K. Sander, A. Kriiska

引用次数: 1

FRAGMENTED BONES TELL STORIES: VIIMSI I EARLY IRON AGE TARAND GRAVE 破碎的骨头讲述了故事:维姆斯是铁器时代早期的坟墓