Baltic Journal of European Studies最新文献_第2页

The Annexation of Crimea: A Realist Look from the Energy Resources Perspective 克里米亚的吞并:从能源资源的角度看现实主义

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0027

Javad Keypour, Ivar Hendla

{"title":"The Annexation of Crimea: A Realist Look from the Energy Resources Perspective","authors":"Javad Keypour, Ivar Hendla","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2019-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2019-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article studies the role of energy resources in the annexation of Crimea by the Russian government. Russian justification that this action was taken to protect Russian ethnicity, as declared with the “referendum”, can be challenged in the light of the realist balance of power concept. According to the research, Russia considered Ukraine’s improving relations with the West as a threat and tried to eliminate it with preemptive action, in order to reestablish regional balance of power with the West. The article finds that the energy factor had a significant role in this consideration but in a subtractive approach. More precisely, there were no major incentives for Russia to capture the Black Sea resources intrinsically, but these reserves were recognized as part of the main Ukrainian economic empowerment plan, particularly on the EU’s future energy market. Thus, Russia tried to block Ukraine’s access to them in line with a wedge strategy. Hence, the annexation can be considered as one part of Russian energy policy towards the EU and Russia’s goal to emasculate Ukraine’s natural gas transit role by constructing new pipelines such as Nord Stream and Turkish Stream, as the other part. The study exemplifies how Ukraine’s strategic position has been significantly diminished from the energy perspective.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"148 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48381015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Japan’s Diplomatic Strategy toward East Asia: Creation and Evolution of ‘Dual-Track Diplomacy’ in the Post-Cold War Era 日本东亚外交战略:后冷战时期“双轨外交”的产生与演变

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0013

K. Koga

引用次数: 3

The Features of the System of Normative-Legal Acts of Local Self-Government of Ukraine: A Rejection of the Soviet Union Postulates in Favour of the European Union Values 乌克兰地方自治规范性法律行为体系的特征：对苏联有利于欧盟价值观的否定

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0034

O. Petryshyn, M. Petryshyna, O. Hyliaka, T. Didych

{"title":"The Features of the System of Normative-Legal Acts of Local Self-Government of Ukraine: A Rejection of the Soviet Union Postulates in Favour of the European Union Values","authors":"O. Petryshyn, M. Petryshyna, O. Hyliaka, T. Didych","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2019-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2019-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, the authors, collaboratively and based on their experience of related research (normative-legal activity of local self-government (Petryshyna, 2011), general theoretical problems of law-making and norm-making (Didych, 2018), problems of reception of foreign experience of reforming local self-government (Petryshyn, 2014), and pressing problems of decentralization reform (Hyliaka, 2015)) investigate the features and the shortcomings of the system of normative-legal acts of local self-government of Ukraine. These include: the problems of the legal status and the nature of the modern system of normative legal acts of local self-government, its normative-legal consolidation; the issues of practical law-making by bodies and officials of local self-government through the prism of the heritage of the Soviet system of local self-government; the shortcomings in the reforms undertaken since independence; the ongoing decentralization and associated reforms as well as existing concepts and plans aimed at the integration of Ukraine into European legal space and the European Union in particular. The result of the study was the identification of a number of substantiated features of the system and general recommendations aimed at the improvement of the overall state of local self-government and its law-making activity in the context of the current and future related reforms in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"286 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46793964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cyber-Attacks and Freedom of Expression: Coercion, Intimidation and Virtual Occupation 网络攻击与言论自由：胁迫、恐吓和虚拟占领

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0025

J. Burton

引用次数: 2

Restrictions of Russian Internet Resources in Ukraine: National Security, Censorship or Both? 俄罗斯互联网资源在乌克兰的限制：国家安全、审查还是两者兼而有之？

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0023

O. Shumilo, T. Kerikmäe, Archil Chochia

引用次数: 3

Violations of Freedom of Expression and Freedom of Religion by the Russian Federation as the Occupying Power in Crimea 占领克里米亚的俄罗斯联邦侵犯言论自由和宗教自由

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0026

Evhen Tsybulenko, A. Platonova

引用次数: 5

Shades of Gray in the War in Eastern Ukraine: ‘Neither War nor Peace’ Existence Zones, ‘Neither Truth nor Lie’ Silence Zones 乌克兰东部战争中的灰色阴影：“既不是战争也不是和平”的存在区，“既不是真相也不是谎言”的沉默区

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0028

M. Bulyk, I. Gridina

{"title":"Shades of Gray in the War in Eastern Ukraine: ‘Neither War nor Peace’ Existence Zones, ‘Neither Truth nor Lie’ Silence Zones","authors":"M. Bulyk, I. Gridina","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2019-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2019-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The concepts of ‘gray zone conflict’, as one of the new phenomena in the theory of international relations, are given considerable attention in modern strategic researches of analysts, in particular American ones (Hel Brands, Adam Elkus, etc.). The definition of ‘gray zone conflict’ by American political scientists coincides with the definitions of domestic scholars in outlining the hybrid war in general, and Russian Federation’s war against Ukraine in particular. At the same time, qualifying the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the war in Eastern Ukraine as the sole concept of ‘gray zone’ shall be considered not to be entirely correct, since the scales tend to favor the definition of civil war, which is so advantageous to Vladimir Putin. On the other hand, the war in Eastern Ukraine has many shades of gray, which gives grounds to the use of the concept of ‘gray zone conflict’ on specific examples of the existence of real and imaginary gray zones (realities of existence and zones of silence) and to investigate their quantitative and qualitative characteristics, to determine the degree of the viral use of the gray zone of conflict by the state (as an object of aggression), which complicates its establishment. The possibilities/unacceptability of solving gray zone conflicts by “gray” methods are being outlined as well.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"166 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45138038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Belt and Road Initiative: The Cornerstone of the New-Fangled Financial Institutionalism Led by China “一带一路”倡议：中国新金融制度化的基石

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0018

Enrique Martínez Galán, F. Leandro

引用次数: 2

ASEM’s First Two Decades: A Role Discovered 亚欧会议的头二十年:角色发现

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0011

M. Doidge

引用次数: 3

Delegation of State Powers to Local Self-Government Bodies: Foreign Experience and Ukrainian Realities 国家权力授予地方自治机构:外国经验和乌克兰现实

Baltic Journal of European Studies Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjes-2019-0033

S. Serohina, I. Bodrova, A. Novak

{"title":"Delegation of State Powers to Local Self-Government Bodies: Foreign Experience and Ukrainian Realities","authors":"S. Serohina, I. Bodrova, A. Novak","doi":"10.1515/bjes-2019-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2019-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article is devoted to the study of the problems of the delegation of state powers to local self-government bodies. The paper reveals the pluralism of approaches to the organization of models of such interaction in the countries where various doctrines of the organization and functioning of local self-government prevail (the state-oriented doctrine, the community-oriented doctrine, and the doctrine of municipal dualism). Using the example of various European states (grouped on the basis of the prevailing doctrines presented above for convenience), we reveal specific schemes for the legal regulation of interaction within such relations, their positive features, and drawbacks. The obtained data presented in a compressed form in the paper also features an in-depth analysis of the constitutional and legal regulation of the delegation of state powers to local governments in Ukraine. An important element of the novelty of the study was the projection of modern Ukrainian problems in the field of delegated powers through the prism of the existing European systems and relevant experience, thereby complementing this study with a comparative dimension. Conclusions made by the authors feature a set of recommendations based on the conducted comparative research and on formal and logical analysis of compliance of the domestic model of the delegation of powers with the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Taking into account the fact that European standards in the sphere of the delegation of powers (depends on the adoption of amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law ‘On delegation of separate powers of executive authorities to local self-government bodies’) are not yet implemented in Ukraine, we believe that this research will not only be useful in the context of theoretical and scientific research of the issue but also has the potential to contribute to the development and implementation of relevant legislation.","PeriodicalId":42700,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of European Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"262 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43361797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4