International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Valorization of agro-industrial wastes using fungi for industrial enzymes production","authors":"A. A. Abd, El Aty","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.2.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.2.0055","url":null,"abstract":"Huge quantities of the agricultural wastes are produced from practices related to industrial processing, which are mainly burned and thrown in landfills, becoming a threat to the human health and causing environmental pollution. Agro-industrial residues, such as sugarcane bagasse, orange peel, wheat bran, corn straw, barley, rice straw, corn cob, husk, soy bran, and coffee husk were considered as valuable raw materials that can be converted into products of biotechnological interest using microorganisms. Agro-industrial wastes rich in nutrients, such as proteins, minerals, and sugars that, used as possible low cost substrates, for the fungal cultivation, thus considered as an alternative eco-friendly tool for many biological products of economic value, such as enzymes. Fungi organisms are capable of synthesizing a wide range of relevant oxidative and hydrolytic extracellular enzymes, such as peroxidases, laccases, xylanases, and cellulases. The enzymes secreted fungi, are proteins that function as bio-catalysts, responsible for carrying out various biochemical reactions, which applied in food, detergent, cellulose, paper, cosmetics and textile industries, etc. Thus, the replacement of raw materials with lignocellulosic-sources can result in reducing environmental problems and resolving the pollution associated with their disposal, in addition a higher investment will be gained. Therefore, a review was carried out on the important value of agro-industrial wastes, and the cultivation of fungal isolates for economic production of the industrially important enzymes, based on submerged and solid-state fermentation processes, as well as the important application of these enzymes.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139137228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Anti-inflammatory Activity of 5, 6-difluoro-2-Methyl-4H-benzo (d) (1, 3)-Oxazin-4-one(1) and 3-Amino-5,6-difluoro-2-Mehtyl-quinzolin 4(3H)-One(2)","authors":"Osarumwense Peter Osarodion, Bamidele Gideon Tunmise","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0128","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inflammation is one of the means the human body uses to defend itself in the event of infection, trauma, or exposure to toxic substances and it is closely associated with a number of disease symptoms. Steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents have been the drugs of choice for managing inflammation. However, reports of unpleasant side effects have necessitated a search for new anti-inflammatory agents which have minimal side effects. Inflammation is an adaptive response of body tissues to external challenge or cellular injury. It is generally thought that inflammation is a beneficial host response defense system, but it can become harmful if dysregulated. The complex mediators including proinflammatory and cytotoxic cytokines, growth factors, bioactive lipids, and nitric oxide in the uncontrolled inflammation reaction can sustain or induce a pathologic process involved in different diseases, such as allergy, sepsis, arthritis, the metabolic syndrome, autoimmune diseases, and cancer anti-inflammatory activities of 101 extracts from different parts of 84 traditional medicinal plants were evaluated by a panel of in vitro and in vivo assays. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitory effects were determined by luciferase assay in stably transfected Hela cells. The inhibition of inflammatory mediators on the transcriptional level has emerged as a promising approach for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs Method: The current study is aimed at the synthesis and Anti–inflammatory evaluation of quinazolinone derivatives. The condensation of Methyl-2-amino-5,6-diflorobenzoate with acetic anhydride yielded the cyclic compound 2-methyl 5,6-diflorobenzo [d] [1,3]-oxazine-4-one which further produce 3-Amino-2-Methyl 5,6-difloro quinazolin-4(3H)-ones via the reaction with hydrazine hydrate. The compounds synthesized were unequivocally confirmed by means of Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H and 13C), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry and Elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened for their Anti–inflammatory activity. Result: The two compounds 1 and 2 showed significant activity as an Anti–inflammatory agent. Conclusion: The investigated Compounds exhibited significant Anti–inflammatory activity in the range of 70.56 – 83.80% compared to control.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133907639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity of Annona muricata leaves’ extracts","authors":"Olufunke Christy AKANJI","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0053","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of multidrug-resistant pathogens has increasingly become a cause for serious concern with regard to both nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Plants have been useful to man not only for food, shelter, and clothing but also for their use for ornamentation and health care. Annona muricata belongs to the family of Annonaceae and commonly known as Soursop. It is used in traditional medicine in many countries to cure various ailments and diseases. This study investigated in vitro antibacterial activity of Annona muricata Linn. leaves extracts against Escherichia coli, Staphyococcus aureus, Acenobacter baumanni, Moraxella catarrhalis and Enteroccocus faecium. Antibacterial assay was performed by Agar well diffusion method in Mueller Hinton Agar plates. N-hexane, methanol and water were used as solvents for extraction while Chloramphenicol (30 µg) served as control. The result of the present study revealed that n-hexane A. muricata extract exhibited highest inhibitory action against Enterococcus faecium (20.67 mm) and Acinetobacter baumarii (21.34 mm) when compared with all the treatments including chloramphenicol (16.65 mm; 15.35 mm respectively) . The result also showed that methanol, aqueous and n-hexane extracts had highest zone of inhibitions against Escherichia coli (25.76 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (18.65 mm) and Moraxella catarrhalis (18.65 mm) respectively. It was discovered in this study that Annona muricata leaves’ extracts possessed activity against the tested bacteria responsible for the most common bacterial diseases with n-hexane extract showing significant inhibitory action against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The activity of Annona muricata leaves depended greatly on the solvent of extraction. The result recommends Annona muricata leaves as potential new effective drug for bacterial infections including multi-drug resistant bacteria and further studies should be carried out to determine its mechanism of actions.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115818343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study examining the effects of transitioning on the sexual experiences of Trans male individuals","authors":"Joanne Lusher, Emma Juul, S. Banbury, A. Visick, Cinar Aydogan","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0052","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative research examined the effects of transitioning on sexual experiences in Trans men. Six participants aged 19 to 45 years took part in a semi-structured interview about their transition, and mental and sexual well-being, pre-and post-transition. A thematic analysis identified three main narratives: conflicted sexual well-being pre-transition self, see no Trans* hear no Trans*, and developing sexual self-efficacy post-transition. Participants discussed how the sexual education curriculum lacks LGBTQIA+ inclusivity, which resulted in compromised mental and sexual well-being. Participants used social media almost exclusively as a source of knowledge on inclusive sex education and Tran’s male identity and representation. Once participants were able to express themselves appropriately and had transitioned, mental well-being and sexual self-efficacy improved. Future qualitative research might look at the effects of social media on sexual self-efficacy, and a longitudinal quantitative study could target measuring levels of sexual self-efficacy pre- and post-transition.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115885078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of parental substance misuse among social workers working with children and families","authors":"Alastair Grant, Samantha Banbury, Joanne lusher","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2023.2.1.0051","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of parenting capacity with substance use on child outcomes is relatively established in the literature. However, understanding social workers' perspectives in working with parental substance use remains limited. This research used a qualitative design of semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to explore five Social Workers viewpoints on working with parental substance use. Four main narratives emerged and these included: Challenges of working with parental substance use, informed decision making, developing self-efficacy and professional values. The research findings are discussed in the context of wider literature, in reference to applicable psychological theory, and in next steps for future research and potential future training.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131011841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media use and adolescents’ self-esteem and appearance satisfaction: The moderating role of school motivation","authors":"Harriet Smart, Emily Midouhas, Joanne lusher","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.2.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.2.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This large-scale investigation speaks to the growing concern associated with the use of social media on the psychological wellbeing of adolescents. The study explored time spent using social networking sites as a predictor of teenagers’ self-esteem and appearance satisfaction and the protective role that motivation in school might play. Method: The sample comprised 10,546 adolescents at age 11 and 14 years, from the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study. Multiple linear regression determined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between use of social media and self-esteem and appearance satisfaction. Time spent using social networking sites significantly predicted teenagers’ self-esteem and appearance satisfaction levels. Results: A significant interaction emerged with school motivation and social networking in relation to appearance satisfaction, suggesting that school motivation may help to buffer the negative effects of online social networking. Conclusion: In response to the ongoing concerns around the increase in adolescents who struggle with difficulties relating to their mental health, the finger of blame is frequently pointed to screen-based methods of social communication. It is anticipated that present findings will prompt the development of new interventions that target time spent using online social networking sites, particularly among teenage girls, during this new era of COVID-19-induced social isolation.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122453725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review examining alcohol dependence and sexual dysfunction across genders","authors":"Samantha Banbury, Tiga-Rose Nercessian, Chris Chandler, Joanne lusher","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.2.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.2.0040","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic review examines the impact of alcohol dependence on sexual function amongst cisgender men and women, intersex, transgender, and gender-nonconforming individuals. Electronic searches using PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and registered clinical trials, yielded 22 relevant studies. Research looking at alcohol dependence and sexual dysfunction in cisgender women, and even more so intersex, transgender and gender non-conforming people has received comparatively less attention than for cisgender men, with a 1:5 ratio. Consensus of the included literature indicated that alcohol dependence does impact sexual functioning, which includes erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation for cisgender men and sexual desire and orgasmic difficulties for cisgender women. With an overall general shortage of research on alcohol dependence and sexual dys/function, psychosexual services remain limited when supporting dual-diagnosed and sex and gender diverse groups.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114098680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of toxicity and resistant effects of heavy metals and antibiotics on the growth of marine bioluminescent bacteria","authors":"Chinweike Unoma Dokubo, Bright Obidinma Uba, Chisom Precious Nnubia, Ifeanyi Patience Akaun","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.2.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.2.0041","url":null,"abstract":"Luminescence is the emission of light by an object. Living organisms including certain bacteria are capable of luminescence. Bacteria are the most abundant luminescent organisms in nature. Bacterial luminescence has been studied most extensively in several marine bacteria. Bacterial luminescence is due to the action of the enzyme called luciferase. The luminescent bacteria exist in nature either as free-living bacteria or in symbiotic association with certain marine organisms. Research on luminescent bacteria has always been a fascinating one. In the present study, ten free living luminescent bacteria initially isolated from marine origin were characterized for their tolerance to heavy metals and antibiotics. Copper, zinc, cobalt and cadmium metals at 1 mg/mL concentration have inhibited the growth and luminescence of the all strains except strains 1, 2 and 7. Surprisingly, lead metal at the same concentration dd not inhibit any of the ten strains. However, at 2 mg/mL concentration, similar trend was observed on the growth and luminescence of all the 10 strains. Also, all the tested isolates were sensitive (1 cm >) to all Gram negative and positive antibiotics being tested except isolates 3, 6 and 8, respectively which were resistant (0 – 0.9 cm) to all the antibiotics tested. Thus, the strains isolated from the different sample types have good beneficial potentials such as heavy metal tolerance and antibiotic sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128921654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household waste management practices from the CGEDA / DST era at SGDS in Cotonou (Republic of Benin)","authors":"Honoré UM Adande, Freneau GL Houefonde, Landeou Codjo Rodrigue, Léonce F Dovonon, Expédit W Vissin","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of household waste management is acute in Cotonou. From the era of COGEDA / DST to SGDS, the unsanitary conditions of household living and neighborhoods are still noticeable. This work aims to describe the household waste management practices in Cotonou from the era of COGEDA / DST to SGDS. The method adopted consisted of conducting questionnaire surveys administered to households in the study area as well as interviews with institutional stakeholders in the management of DMS in Cotonou. At the end of the field work, it was noticed that in the era of COGEDA / DST 34% of households have trash cans, and only 16 % have their garbage removed by the NGOs / SMEs pre-collection of the DSM, against 78 % in the era of SGDS. Regarding the management of wastewater and excreta, nearly half of the households in Cotonou (45%) discharge their domestic wastewater in the courtyard of houses. On-site sanitation is the main mode of excreta collection, with ventilated pit latrines representing the largest percentage (56%). 93% of respondents believe that there is no policy for public sanitation. Hence the notorious insalubrity in certain districts of Cotonou subject to increasing environmental and health risks.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124867307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological variability of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. subsp. Birrea (Anacardiaceae family) in the Ouaddaï Province, Chad","authors":"Ali Brahim Béchir, Abdoulaye Brahim, Pierre Marie Mapongmetsem","doi":"10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.1.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2022.1.1.0005","url":null,"abstract":"The involvement of local population in forest management is nowadays a major issue. It is with this in mind that this work was carried out and should lead to the subsequent domestication of the species. Its objective has been to develop strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of the Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst genetic resources. The methodological approach focused on the farmer’s survey and the botanical inventory. The socioeconomic survey was carried out in the villages of Arkou, Kokorguin and Mandafana among the Maba, Massalit, Mimi and Tama populations. One hundred and seventy-two (172) people were involved in the investigation. Botanical analyzes focused on 15 quantitative morphological descriptors. The farmers in the region have a good knowledge of this plant and have an empirical classification system that incorporates 11 criteria according to ethnic groups. The criteria common to the 4 targeted ethnic groups are: the habitat and size of the tree, the dimensions of the fruit, the shape of the fruit, the taste of the pulp and the size of the leaves. The botanical inventory made it possible to determine the discriminating morphological descriptors for this species in the region. These are: the height of the first large branch (0.016 <0.05), the height of the tree (0.029 <0.05) and the average diameter of the crown (0.008 <0.01). Analysis of the different descriptors revealed 4 morphotypes in Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. This information opens up better prospects for varietal selection and domestication of this species in the area.","PeriodicalId":426143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130400219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}