{"title":"Opportunities for Stormwater and Wastewater Investment in the Hawkesbury-Nepean","authors":"R. Attwater, Sandy Booth, P. Davey, A. Guthrie","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648557","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports the outcomes of a pilot socioeconomic study commissioned by the former Hawkesbury Nepean Catchment Management Trust to investigate the question of investment in stormwater and wastewater management in the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, western Sydney. A systemic approach was taken in this pilot study through combining: a broad review of institutional trends; preliminary analyses of the comparative cost-effectiveness of a range of management practices; and focus groups with stakeholder representatives. Preliminary results included the identification of a complementary suite of institutional and socio-economic opportunities. Opportunities discussed include: the cost-effectiveness of integrated stormwater treatments close to the source in urban catchments; offset arrangements between point and diffuse sources as a vehicle for sustainable investment; economic as against financial instruments in relation to rates and levies; and the need for regional coordination and brokerage grounded upon ownership by local government.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122503710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Signalling the Values of Wetlands","authors":"J. Bennett","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648548","url":null,"abstract":"The successful coordination of human activity requires the establishment and enforcement of rules. Ownership rules for the conservation of wetlands are either absent or inadequate. This means that signals regarding the values held by the wider community for wetland conservation are not received effectively by landholders who can provide those values. Hence the incentives for landholders to conserve their wetlands are weak in comparison to those they receive to use their wetland resources for extractive purposes. To illustrate the importance of wetland protection values, the findings of a number of valuation exercises are presented. A range of mechanisms designed to act as signalling and incentive generation devices in the absence of strong ownership rules for wetland conservation benefits is provided.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123461765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potential of Revegetation Incentives to Meet Biodiversity and Salinity Objectives: a Study from the Goulburn Broken Catchment","authors":"M. Lockwood, M. Hawke, A. Curtis","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648546","url":null,"abstract":"Revegetation of depleted native vegetation can address both salinity mitigation and biodiversity conservation objectives. Financial capacity is a major impediment to landholders undertaking revegetation. We used a mail survey of landholders to examine the potential of enhanced financial incentives for achieving substantially increased revegetation in the Goulburn Broken Catchment, Victoria. There was considerable interest in our proposed incentive scheme, with 51 per cent of respondents indicated that they would revegetate some of their property, at a price. Most of the landholders who responded positively to the proposal already intended to undertake some revegetation, with the additional financial incentives enabling them to revegetate a larger area. Across the dryland portion of the catchment, we estimate that, over five years, landholders would revegetate about 19,756 ha at a cost of $18,471,079 ($935 per ha). This is additional to the 7,624 ha of native vegetation that would be re-established without the proposal. However, the total revegetation would not be sufficient to meet biodiversity conservation targets for several high priority vegetation types. Similarly, the proposal is likely to achieve only a marginal improvement to the amount of tree cover in areas of high priority for salinity mitigation. Economic incentives will not therefore, by themselves, enable biodiversity conservation and salinity mitigation targets to be achieved. Incentives need to be integrated with other instruments such as revolving funds, regulations and continued education programs.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131601537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic Instruments and Regulatory Approaches in Implementing Riparian Revegetation Options: Observations of the Queensland System","authors":"M. Qureshi, S. Harrison","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648547","url":null,"abstract":"Riparian vegetation can be an effective measure for preventing degradation of streambanks and riparian areas. However, riparian revegetation imposes large costs on landholders associated with tree establishment and removal of land from cropping, while providing benefits to downstream landholders, fishers, the local community and environmentalists. Appropriate policy instruments are required to promote sustainable and balanced use of riparian zones. This article analyses the capacity of existing legislation and other instruments to promote restoration of degraded riparian zones on private land. The role of legislation, economic instruments, community engagement and extension programs, in persuading landholders to revegetate riparian areas and improve riparian vegetation cover, is examined in the context of a small degraded catchment in an intensive farming area in tropical north Queensland. It is found that while legislation and regulations can control undesirable modification of riparian areas, in general they are unable to make a useful contribution to restoration of these areas; incentives and assistance measures appear to offer greater potential.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128899827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organisation for Sustainability","authors":"Bryan Robert Jenkins","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648564","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the organisation design of government agencies to facilitate sustainability and the statutory mechanisms needed to implement sustainability. Using sustainability as a purpose for the basis of organisation design, and considering task interdependence and differentiation, appropriate organisation structures for achieving sustainability are proposed. Types of market failure that lead to unsustainable outcomes are identified—tragedy of the commons, unpriced public assets, externalities and free riders. To correct for market failure, legislative provisions for management mechanisms to achieve sustainability are needed. Legislation in Western Australia is reviewed in terms of its ability to deliver sustainability. Achievement of sustainability also requires monitoring and evaluation on the progress towards sustainable outcomes. The role of the National Land and Water Resources Audit in contributing to sustainability in water resource management is noted. It is concluded that there is a need for a wide-ranging review of institutional arrangements with respect to organisation design, management mechanisms and legislative provisions to identify changes that are needed to achieve sustainability and subsequently the adoption and implementation of these changes.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127768103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"More than Archaeology: Developing Comprehensive Approaches to Aboriginal Heritage Management in NSW","authors":"Anthony English","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648562","url":null,"abstract":"In NSW there is an increasing impetus for Aboriginal cultural interests to be factored into key aspects of environmental planning such as regional vegetation management. This creates many challenges, as long established methods of cultural heritage assessment based on an archaeological analysis of pre-contact sites cannot encompass all of the issues that this change represents. In contrast, creating a link between natural and cultural heritage planning requires consideration of historic and contemporary attachments to land, ongoing cultural practices and the sharing of knowledge. This article explores some of the implications of this shift for land management in NSW. Practical research conducted by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service with Aboriginal people is used to illustrate values associated with biodiversity that will need to be considered by planning bodies.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132645255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contamination of Archaeological Sites by Waste from Recreational Boating and Fishing","authors":"D. Spennemann, C. O’Halloran","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648538","url":null,"abstract":"A survey found archaeological sites on the bottom of the Hume Reservoir to be contaminated by modern refuse, particularly glass bottles. The debris is deposited by recreational fishermen while the reservoir is filled. The contamination creates two problems: a threat to the integrity of the archaeological record; and a threat derived from well-meaning, but uncontrolled community clean-up operations removing both modern debris and historic heritage items from a site.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115717021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changing Policy Mindsets: ESD and NCP Compared","authors":"Giorel Curran, R. Hollander","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648556","url":null,"abstract":"National Competition Policy (NCP) and Ecologically Sustainable Development (ESD) share a number of common characteristics. They are both meta policies, broad in their scope and sweeping in their ambitions. Both emerged in the early 1990s and both depended on high levels of political commitment and co-ordination for their success. However, while NCP prospered, ESD stalled. This article examines the changing fortunes of the two policy initiatives by looking for differences in policy scope, monitoring, incentives and funding arrangements. These differences, attributable in part to levels of political and policy commitment, help to explain ESD s relatively weaker outcomes vis-a-vis NCP.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"91 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126121625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Australian Attitudes Towards the Environment: 1991 to 2001","authors":"A. Lothian","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648542","url":null,"abstract":"This article, which extends an earlier investigation covering the period 1975–1994, reviews surveys of community attitudes towards the environment during the 1990s up to 2001. It focuses mainly on Australian surveys but includes two that cover attitudes of New Zealanders. The relationship between attitudes and behaviour is examined, and comparisons of stated attitudes regarding the environment and individual behaviour are made. Regular surveys by Newspoll and biennial surveys by the Australian Bureau of Statistics of community attitudes are included, as are national surveys of farmers' attitudes to rural environmental issues and environmental health risk perception. Surveys in NSW, Tasmania and New Zealand are also included. Although there has been a decline in the level of community environmental support, the surveys indicate that there has remained a mainstream of environmental consciousness within the community during the 1990s, which is reflected in a consolidation in the environment's perceived importance and a stabilisation of its influence on individual behaviour.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126346756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing Land Use Policy for Environmental Objectives: Some Perspectives from the Rangeways Project in the Western Australian Goldfields","authors":"M. Friedel, D. Burnside, A. Holm","doi":"10.1080/14486563.2002.10648539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2002.10648539","url":null,"abstract":"A decade ago, a national decline in the pastoral wool industry and increasing demand for other land uses made a rethink on land allocation, management and access in Australia's rangelands essential. Market forces were inadequate for achieving necessary structural adjustment and land values were based purely on perceived pastoral potential. Growing support for other land uses and other environmental and social values were not recognised by the market. As well, regional communities wanted greater involvement in decision-making about their future. The Rangeways project was established in 1995 to research ways of identifying and reconciling opportunities for different land uses within the framework of community-based regional planning and Ecologically Sustainable Development policy. Key outputs were to be processes, rather than a specific land use plan. At the end of the research phase in 2000, the project had successfully initiated community-based land use planning at a regional scale, but it remained a step along the way. This article summarises the project's breadth of activities and then focuses particularly on the economic and policy implications for land use.","PeriodicalId":425760,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130571198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}