Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs最新文献

{"title":"Editorial Note Vol.1","authors":"H. Chand","doi":"10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44749","url":null,"abstract":"At this moment where Nepal has surfaced as a sensitive geopolitical center for global powers, the Kathmandu School of Law (KSL), a reputed law college in Nepal, is proud to bring Nepal's first comprehensive Journal focusing on Asian Affairs in the international arena. It comprises six major parts entitled 'Editorial Note', 'Research Articles', 'Essay', 'Advisor's Opinion', 'Book Review', and 'AJIA Dialogue'. [for more see full text]","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75975370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governance, Democracy and Inclusion in the Perspective of Nepal","authors":"Parbat Kumar Rai","doi":"10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44754","url":null,"abstract":"Proportional representation is more effective in terms of inclusive governance. The constitution of Nepal, adopted in 2015, has largely implemented it. Quotas are reserved in different sector of the state. Despite this, various factions within Nepali society are still in movement in different form. There are two genuine questions in this context. Are the constitutional provisions appropriate? What are the challenges in the paths of inclusive governance? The objectives of this paper are to examine Nepal’s existing practices of inclusion in the governing process, and the challenges of inclusive democracy from a Nepali perspective. The descriptive research design was adopted in this paper. Secondary sources were used to acquire the information. In addition, the KSL comprehensive guideline was followed to prepare this paper. The conclusion of this paper is that the country faces numerous challenges in implementing inclusive governance, like the movement of concerning republicanism, secularism, federalism and inclusion. Nevertheless, federalism, republicanism, secularism and inclusions are crucial requirements for sustainable peace. Obviously, the PR model of representation in each state organ ensures that all sections are represented.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85959549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven Decades of Indo-Nepal Relations: A Critical Review of Nehruvian-Colonial Legacy, Trilateralism as a Way Forward","authors":"Yubaraj Sangroula","doi":"10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44750","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal is one of few long-surviving nations in Asia. According to Pandit Bhagvanlal Indraji, a noted Indian historian, Nepal’s origin as a nation dates 12 years before the end of Dwapaayuga (approximately 1700 BC). The linguistic historian Bal Krishna Pokharel and Italian writer Guiseppe Tucci have narrated the historic succession of an empire with Sinja as its capital city including regions of Garwal, Kumaon, present Uttarakhand of India, and current Nepal’s capital city, the Kathmandu Valley. It is said that the powerful Nepal of that time had assisted Chandra Gupt Maurya to oust Dhana Nanda and establish the Mauryan Dynasty. These accounts plainly show Nepal’s antiquity as a nation with a history of glorious past, shaped by pearls of wisdom, serenity, and peace. Alongside, there are histories of mighty nations and civilizations both in the North and South where Nepal’s landscape and civilization always stand as a bridge between two mighty Empires ruled by several powerful dynasties and the world’s faveolus civilizations. However, from the beginning of the 19th century, Nepal lives in a turbulent time and series of turmoil. The genesis of chaos belongs to the British colonial occupation of India—as a fateful time in history. Nepal suffered from a British imperialist invasion beginning from 1814, ending at the loss of its larger part of the geography, namely Garwal and Kumaon, which now form the territory of independent India. Against this backdrop, this paper focuses on analyzing Indo-Nepal relations from a historical perspective. It assesses a winding history of Indo-Nepal relations followed by examining the 1950 Peace and Friendship Treaty, critically analyzing Indian claims and blames about China factor in Indo-Nepal relations, and explaining the role of geography and geopolitics in Indo-Nepal relations along with International Law and rules of International Relations incorporating the perspective of conspiracy theory. The paper claims that Indian foreign policy to Nepal has some faultiness and fault lines, therefore, she needs to correct her foreign policy towards Nepal based on equality in sovereignty and status. It adopts a qualitative method with descriptive, interpretative, and critical approaches. Lastly, it concludes that the trilateralism is the necessity of the economic boom of the region as a whole for the common gains and prosperity of all mankind of the South Asian region.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91330805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where is Bie-Modern Going? Responding to Professors who study Bie-modern Theories","authors":"Wang Jianjiang","doi":"10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44752","url":null,"abstract":"“Bie-modern” is a theory about social form. It refers to “doubtful modernity” or pseudo modernity, manifested in the hybridity of the modern, pre-modern and post-modern. At present, Bie-modern theory is applied in philosophy, aesthetics, literature, linguistics, art, design, psychology, tourism, law, economics, and Human-Computer Interaction. Bie-modernism is to seek the direction of future development in the mixed society and to reduce human misjudgments and errors on the way forward. Therefore, it is the priority of Bie-modernism to distinguish between truth and falsehood. Where is Bie-modern going? Firstly, we shall leave the ambiguity of the word “Bie”, to distinguish the difference between Bie-modernism and “plural modernity”, to distinguish true and false modernity, to distinguish the difference between Bie-modernism and modernism and post-modernism. Secondly, towards authenticity, to seek the truth and reality and implement the real modernity. Thirdly, we will be implementing life equity/life stocks, an inherent right to life of every individual, and the share that the right to life holds in the total wealth of society that cannot be deprived, transferred for the whole of their life, that means the right to enjoy free medical care, free education, free old-age pension, and the right to food, clothing, housing, and transportation. To realize human life equity/life stocks, the historical mission of society lies in eliminating the proletariat rather than the bourgeoisie. Life equity/life stocks is a primitive and real right, which is not influenced by acquired ideas and has the most irreplaceable dignity and value of life. Life equity/life stocks are closely related to human well-being and aesthetic feeling, and it has become the source of both. Lastly, we will be upholding “Bie”, the distinguishing, to the end through entering the ideological market and keeping authenticity, implementing life equity/life stocks, and the Great-leap-forward Pause of Bie-modernism. At present, Bie-modernism has rippled in the United States and the European Union. In the future, we will bring it to more countries and regions. The future development of Bie-modernism will focus on returning to the origins and implementing life equity/life stocks.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81670174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon Valley to Silk Road: Chimerica to Chiorld","authors":"M. Razzak","doi":"10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajia.v1i1.44764","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract available.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88806666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Victor Teo. 2019. Japan’s Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power: Democratic Resilience and the US–China Challenge","authors":"Alice Dell’Era","doi":"10.1177/23477970211039153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477970211039153","url":null,"abstract":"Victor Teo. 2019. Japan’s Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power: Democratic Resilience and the US–China Challenge. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan. 242 pp. ISBN 978-981-13-6189-0.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46630526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Chung Min Lee. 2019. The Hermit King: The Dangerous Game of Kim Jong Un","authors":"P. Ganeshpandian","doi":"10.1177/23477970211039139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477970211039139","url":null,"abstract":"Chung Min Lee. 2019. The Hermit King: The Dangerous Game of Kim Jong Un. United States: All Points Books, St. Martin’s Publishing Group. 320 pp. ISBN 9781250202833.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43983533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indonesia’s Foreign and Maritime Policies Under Joko Widodo: Domestic and External Determinants","authors":"Leonard C. Sebastian, Jonathan Chen","doi":"10.1177/23477970211039639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477970211039639","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue aims to explain Indonesia’s maritime and foreign policies, under President Joko ‘Jokowi’ Widodo, by looking at the intersection between domestic politics and systemic pressure. The extent to which domestic politics shape Indonesia’s foreign policy has always been an interesting topic. While numerous major scholarly works on Indonesia’s foreign policy have underlined this, most of them are empirically rich, but they lack an adequate theoretical framework (Agung; 1973; Anwar, 1994; Fionna et al., 2018; Hein, 1988; Kahin & Kahin, 1995; Leifer, 1983; Mackie, 1974; McMichael, 1987; Roberts et al., 2015; Shekhar, 2018; Smith, 2000; Sukma, 1999; Suryadinata, 1996; Weatherbee, 2016; Weinstein, 1976).1 This special issue uses neoclassical realism as a theoretical framework to explain how domestic politics interplay with external stimuli in the formulation of Indonesia’s foreign policy. Although structural realism continues to play a major role in explaining a state’s approach to its surrounding environment, there has emerged a growing literature, utilising concepts of neoclassical realism, placing greater emphasis on domestic politics as a complementary explanation. Neoclassical realism, along with variables of domestic politics, are explained at great lengths in the remainder of the articles in this special issue. Randall Schweller argues that the domesticlevel counterpart to structural realism is nationalism, particularly in an age of social media and mass politics (Schweller, 2018). According to him, nationalism had implications on the struggle among nations over issues of power, security and prestige that animate realism. Nationalism could result in the support of the policy of retrenchment or in increased assertiveness. Meanwhile, Steve Chan highlights Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs 8(3) 287–303, 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Reprints and permissions: in.sagepub.com/journals-permissions-india DOI: 10.1177/23477970211039639 journals.sagepub.com/home/aia","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43531609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: South Asia Conundrum: The Great Power Gambit","authors":"Gunjan Singh","doi":"10.1177/23477970211039144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477970211039144","url":null,"abstract":"B. M. Jain. 2019. South Asia Conundrum: The Great Power Gambit. Lanham, USA: Lexington Books. 171 pp. ISBN 978-1-4985-7175-3.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46332156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indonesia’s China and US Approach: Crafting Policies Out of Standard Operating Procedures","authors":"Tiola","doi":"10.1177/23477970211041662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23477970211041662","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines Indonesia’s perceptions, strategies and policies towards the USA and China under the presidencies of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004–2014) and Joko Widodo’s first term and early second term (2014–2020). It argues that on a strategic level, Indonesia’s behaviours are in line with structural realist principles, where it adopts a prudent approach of maintaining its strategic autonomy. However, deviations from structural realism are identified in the operationalisation of this strategy into specific foreign and security policies. This article explains such deviations by employing Graham Allison and Philip Zelikow’s models of decision-making, and argues that such suboptimal policies are driven by two domestic political factors, namely, organisational behaviour and governmental politics. Specifically, the article highlights two key tendencies: (a) that policy makers tend to stick to some a priori guidelines within their organisations, despite changes in external pressures; and (b) that policies tend to be by-products of competition between government organisations. In Indonesia–China relations, these tendencies are most apparent in Indonesia’s approach in the South China Sea, where policies and narratives articulated by the government have been largely stagnant, despite increased intensity of China’s activities in Indonesia’s Exclusive Economic Zone. With regard to the USA, these factors manifest in the lack of tangible progress in defence and security cooperation between the two countries, due to a static interpretation of Indonesia’s Free and Active foreign policy maxim.","PeriodicalId":42502,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46905363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}