Korean Journal of Medical History最新文献

{"title":"Trend and Prospect of Study on Chinese Medical History - Diversification of the Study on Medical History Study Through Integration and Communication.","authors":"Dae-Gi Kim","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.735","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study has focused on studying Chinese medical history for the past 10 years (2010-2019). There has been no overall introduction to how the study of Chinese medical history has been carried out so far in Korea. To understand the trend for the recent 10 years, understanding of the period before that is needed. This study had classified the study trend of Chinese medical history from the 1950s when the study of Chinese medical history started in full swing until the last 10 years into the following three periods: First period: internal study period on Chinese medical history (the 1950s-1980s) Second period: external study period on Chinese medical history (the 1980s-1990s) Third period: diverse study period on Chinese medical history through integration and communication (2010-2019) There can be an opinion that various studies by each period have not been adequately reflected, and the classification has been excessively simplified. For example, the internal study has been considerably performed in the second period, and the consciousness of conflict between the internal study and external study remains in the third period. Nonetheless, the keywords that connote each period's characteristics for the past 70 years are considered the keywords presented above. The study of Chinese medical history has mainly placed importance on the modern times. Indeed, no change has been present as well. However, the fact that the study on the Chinese pre-modern medical history in Korean academia for the past 10 years has quantitatively grown from just a comparison of the number of papers can be identified. Also, the researchers and study themes have been confirmed to be diversified. In the past, ancient Chinese medicine was understood as a connection between Taoism and medicine. The environmental history researchers dealt with the connection between natural disasters and diseases, and just a few studies in the fields of medicinal herb distribution and the viewpoint of the body were carried out. Meanwhile, studies from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty were carried out based on new data such as the archaeological relics and bamboo and wooden slips in the Korean academia for the past 10 years. Discovering new data is undoubtedly a driving force to activate studies. Studies on the Tang Dynasty Medical System and laws based on 'Chunsungryeong' are significant achievements connecting the Qin Dynasty & Han Dynasty and the Song Dynasty & Yuan Dynasty. Identification of each period's medical system in medical history is the most essential thing, and the combination of environment and medical history is conducted. It is significant to examine medical history from the viewpoint of the academic disciplines' integration. Approaching medical history from the female viewpoint has already started in the U.S., Europe, and Taiwan, and it is nice that such a study has been conducted in Korean academia. There are not many researchers on Chinese medical history in Korean ","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"735-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38867113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The History of Korea-Japan Medical Relations: Through Miki Sakae's Research and Life.","authors":"Gijae Seo","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.1065","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.1065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the life and research of Miki Sakae, a historian of Korean medicine, to explore the relationship between the study of medical history in Korea and Japan. Miki's investigation and research on old medical books conducted in colonial Korea became the starting point and foundation for the study of the history of Korean medicine. However, due to the peculiarity of being 'a Japanese who studied the history of Korean medicine,' there was no sufficient research on him. The gist of his research can be summed up as: 'You cannot talk about Japanese and Chinese medicine without knowing the medicine in the Korean Peninsula.' This was a challenge to the Japanese medical history circles that tended to understand and interpret the history of medicine centered on their own country. Miki defines the Korean Peninsula as an important place in East Asian medicine, based on the understanding that medicine does not spread from one center to other places, but moves and mixes with other systems of medicine like water flows and creates new things through it. By paying attention to the medical interrelation between Korea and Japan, which had continued from the ancient times, Miki recognized that the problem of disease is a problem of culture and people. In particular, focusing on infectious diseases in Korea, he attempted to prove the influence and relationship between Korea and Japan. Since Miki lived in Korea during the Japanese colonial period and was a physician who majored in Western medicine, his study of traditional Korean medicine was rather limited. However, despite the Japanese medical community's indifference after the defeat in the Second World War, he did his best to introduce the value of traditional Korean medicine to the academic community in Japan and left meaningful data to the future generations. This study focuses on medical studies from the perspective of the history of Korea-Japan relations that Miki pursued, and explores the changes in his attitude toward Korean medicine, the patterns of exchanges that is found in the history of Korean-Japanese medicine he studied, as well as the spread of infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"1065-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38787161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Trends and Prospects of Medical Anthropology: Concepts and Their Intersection with History of Medicine.","authors":"Eunkyung Yoon, Taewoo Kim","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.903","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the history of research in Medical Anthropology by examining key concepts in the field with a focus on their relevance with findings from the field of History of Medicine. The concepts discussed in this paper are Medical Pluralism, Social Suffering, Biopolitics, and Care. Since concepts internalize the ethnographic gaze, what this paper aims is to trace the development of the gaze on a historical axis. Although concepts come from a specific historical period, they are by no means exclusive to it, as they are revisited again and again through various discourses. In other words, the insight that the previous meaning of a concept has grasped is instilled into the revisited concept. In this way, concepts engage in historical communication, create intersections with the interests of History of Medicine. By discussing these intersections with each concept, this paper suggests the complementary roles of the two fields and their approach to historical events and phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"903-958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38867116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Historiographical Review of the History of Western Medicine, 2011-2020 The Diversification of Subject Matter and the Search for a New Methodology.","authors":"Hyon Ju Lee","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.783","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines major issues in the historiography of Western medical history between 2011 and 2020 through an analysis of scholarly articles published in journals based in the United States, Britain, and South Korea. The subject matter and methodology of the history of medicine in the West have greatly transformed since the start of the second millennium, from biographical history to historicism to social history to intellectual and cultural history. Through this process, the definition of \"medicine\" has been continuously denaturalized and expanded, and so have the topics its scholars deal with. Having a variety of perspectives and keeping their disciplinary boundaries porous, historians of Western medical history have examined issues of health, disease, and medicine. They have also vigilantly pursued advancements in methodology for historical analysis, experimented with different writing styles, and expanded historical resources, including visual and audio records. In recent decades, the history of medicine has seen additional experimentation with the changing understanding of the relationship between medicine and society, especially with the emergence of a knowledge- and information-based society and globalization. Furthermore, historians have attempted to establish the value of the history of medicine in response to changing perceptions of medicine and history in the twenty-first century. Their efforts have vitalized the field of medical history by treating it as a useful lens for observing medicine's past as well as formulating critical questions about its present.</p>","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"783-842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38867114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processing Method & Distribution of Medicinal Plant Ginseng in Early Modern East Asia -Focusing on Ginseng as a Tribute Item of Joeseon to the Ming Dynasty.","authors":"Doyoung Koo","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.959","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ginseng started to emerge as an international medicinal material during the Joseon Dynasty. This paper examines ginseng as a tribute presented to the Ming royal family by Joseon Dynasty. Joseon Dynasty presented peeled and dried ginseng (white ginseng) to the emperor. The Ming Dynasty demanded chosam (natural ginseng) with no peeling in 1602. By the request of Joseon Dynasty during the period of Lord Gwanghae, the presented ginseng was again changed to pasam (boiled and dried ginseng). Although Nurhachi of the Jurchen is known to have invented this method of processing pasam, Joseon was exporting pasam to the Ming Dynasty earlier than that. As such, the Nurhachi theory of the invention of the pasam should be reexamined. Joseon Dynasty presented ginseng to each emperor and heir to the throne through its envoys. The total amount of ginseng sent to the royal family of the Ming Dynasty during the Joseon Dynasty is estimated to be approximately 664 to 880 geuns per year in the fifteenth century, 300 to 500 geuns in the sixteenth century, and about 160 to 360 geuns in the 17th century. When the Japanese Invasion of Korea occurred in 1592, the Joseon government informed the Ming Dynasty of the miserable situation of the Joseon people and chose to reduce the tribute. However, even after the war, the amount of tribute ginseng in Joseon continued to be small. This is because the medical industry in the Ming Dynasty grew significantly, and medical books prescribing Joseon ginseng increased, and the rich people of the Ming Dynasty loved ginseng so much that they imported Joseon ginseng at high prices. Local residents of Guangdong, China, a major customer base of Joseon ginseng, also used ginseng as a preventive medicine for JangGi. From the fifteenth to the seventeenth centuries, the amount of ginseng that Joseon tributed to the Ming Dynasty continued to decrease, and the ginseng processing method also moved in the direction of reducing the burden of processing. This was caused by changes in the environment surrounding the use of ginseng, including changes in the international situation at the time, growth of the medical industry, increasing interest in ginseng by the people of the Ming, and economic considerations of the Joseon government. The two countries sought changes in the ginseng tribute through an agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"959-998"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38867117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Process of Establishing His Corean Majesty's Customs Service Quarantine System and the Response to the Influx of Infectious Diseases from 1886 to 1893.","authors":"Qing Jin","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.1029","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.1029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper aims to study the quarantine system established by His Corean Majesty's Customs Service (HCMCS) between 1886 to 1893, and how they responded to the influx of infectious diseases such as cholera, led by the Customs Medical Officer of Joseon. The quarantine procedure was not able to operate in the first 11 years of opening the port due to limitations within HCMCS in the P. G. von Möllendorff period. However, as the Shanghai Customs officer, H. F. Merrill concurrently served as the Chief Commissioner, Seoul, HCMCS was directly connected to Shanghai Customs which was a direct model of Chinese Maritime Customs Service. This connection caused HCMCS to build a foundation that enabled the Shanghai quarantine measures to be referred to in 1886. In alignment with this, Acting Commissioner, Jenchuan, J. F. Schoenicke developed the quarantine system of Jenchuan Customs in 1886, using the quarantine system of Shanghai Customs as reference. Jenchuan Customs introduced new concepts, such as Observation Island, Yellow Flag, Free Pratique, and also enforced quarantine inspections on vessels coming from cholera-infected areas. Based on the quarantine system of the Shanghai Customs and Jenchuan Customs, Chief Commissioner, H. F. Merrill established conditions in 1887 for enforcing quarantine inspections on vessels arriving at the ports of Joseon. HCMCS conducted quarantine inspections on vessels coming from areas of infectious diseases, such as cholera, plague, yellow fever and smallpox, adopting concepts such as Customs Quarantine Officers, Quarantine boats, and Quarantine Hospitals. Quarantine hospitals affiliated with customs were founded at each trading port in order to treat patients with infectious diseases. Although His Corean Majesty's Hospital has been known as an 'only Western-style hospital' operated by the Joseon government, it should be noted that also these hospitals contributed medical activities. Meanwhile, document administration was accompanied to handle quarantine tasks. This was a complicated task with the authority structure of two lines: 1) Customs Quarantine Officer - Acting Chief Commissioner, Seoul - Acting Chief Commissioner, Seoul; 2) Superintendent - Dokpan. The actual quarantine of treaty port was implemented by Superintendent - Acting Chief Commissioner, Seoul. Matters of important decisions were accompanied by lower-level reports and higher-level instructions through the document administration procedure with the central government. The efficiency of this method was therefore limited whereas systematic administrative procedures were able to perform. This became the impetus that caused the third Chief Commissioner, Seoul, J. M. Brown to reform the framework of maritime affairs established in the Merrill period.</p>","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"1029-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38867119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Joseon-Qing Relations and the King's Health Problems in the Late Joseon Dynasty -Conflict surrounding ritual of greeting envoys in the early reign of King Sukjong.","authors":"Changsu Kim","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.999","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The international situation immediately after the throning of King Sukjong was very complicated. In the Qing dynasty, a Revolt of the Three Feudatories occurred and a serious crisis struck, and Sukjong ascended to the throne in Joseon immediately afterward this incident. The Joseon Dynasty prepared for a war that might arise while pessimistically observing the Qing situation. The Qing was suspiciously watching the activities of Joseon. In this situation, the ritual of greeting envoys became a factor that amplified the conflict between the two countries. When the Qing Envoy came to Joseon in the tribute system, the Joseon king had to go to the western towns to meet the emperor's documents and envoy. However, in the early reign of King Sukjong, the king's greeting envoy was frequently stopped. The first reason was that Sukjong's health had frequently deteriorated. The second reason was smallpox. Sukjong had not suffered from smallpox. Therefore, to reduce the likelihood of smallpox transmission, Joseon intended to stop the ritual of greeting envoys by traveling to the western towns. The Qing dynasty became increasingly dissatisfied with Sukjong's refusal to welcome the Qing envoys. In 1686, a Joseon envoy requested to cancel the fine imposed on Sukjong. This act turned out to be a serious matter. The Qing criticized Sukjong's usual unfaithful ritual of greeting envoys as the cause of this incident.In the end, the reasons for the conflict over ritual of greeting envoys in 1686 were: first, the tense international situation due to the \" Revolt of the Three Feudatories,\" and second, concerns about Sukjong's disease and smallpox infection. The combination of such uncertain elements influenced the international relations of Joseon and Qing Dynasties.</p>","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"999-1028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38867118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Trend and Prospect of Medical Sociology: Its Concepts and the Interface with Medical History.","authors":"Jae-Hyung Kim, Hyang A Lee","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.843","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.843","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Medical sociology has a long history, and it has been institutionalized and developed since the 1940s. This paper is about the history, trends, and prospects of medical sociology from the perspective of concepts as well as its interface with medical humanities. Sociology is a discipline that conceptualizes and theorizes social phenomena on the basis of collected data to best understand them. For this reason, we think that one of the best ways to understand medical sociology is to track the changes and developments in the concept and theory of medical sociology over time. Moreover, the development of concepts and theories does not occur only within the discussion of experts but also actively in interactions with the institutional position of medical sociology, medical knowledge and institutions and society. By reflecting on the changes in the theory and concept of medical sociology over the past 70 years from the 1950s to the present, we were able to understand the changes in research interests and research subject of medical sociology. Medical sociology has developed in response to the needs of the medical community and society. On the one hand, it developed a diverse understanding of healthcare, one of the key elements of the structure and culture of modern society, and on the other hand, it developed an understanding of how each individual experiences medical care as a dominant power. Since the 1990s, these seemingly conflicting two areas integrated into one through research subjects such as the growth of the general population and the health and social movement. Furthermore, the emergence of biotechnology, which began to develop in earnest beginning in the 1980s, presented a challenge for medical sociology. If the role of Parsons in the 1950s was to reflect the American medical system based on bacteriology and therapeutic drugs, after the 1960s, chronic disease became an important health problem due to changes in American society, and the experiences of patients suffering from chronic diseases became an important research subject. However, the rapid development of biotechnology from the 1980s was powerful enough to change the way we perceive our bodies. Our society has regarded our body as a sum of cells and a combination of various organs and body parts since the birth of modern medicine, but with the development of biotechnology, including genetics, we began to recognize our body as an expression of information contained in genes. The capitalist force driving biotechnology has degraded our bodies to the extent of our resources for the accumulation of genomic information. Finally, the concepts and theories developed by medical sociology can also be applied to understand the trends of medical history in the Korean Journal of Medical History provided that medical sociology and the medical history were embedded in the particular Korean historical context. Therefore, we hope these two medical disciplines cooperate further on the medical iss","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 3","pages":"843-902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38867115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and Operation of Wartime Health Care System in North Korea during the Korean War and Support from the Korean Society in Yanbian.","authors":"Mira Moon","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.503","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>North Korea's health care system during the Korean War has a significant meaning in North Korean medical history and is also an appropriate research topic for understanding North Korea's wartime system. However, previous studies on North Korean medical history has been focused on before and after the war. This study traces the formation and operation of North Korea's wartime health system to fill the gap in the literature, aiming to identify that the support of the North Korean community in China's Yanbian community was key to North Korea's wartime health system. North Korea reorganized its health care system, centered on the military, such as establishing field hospitals concurrently with the outbreak of the war. However, as time went on, the North Korean health care project began to put an emphasis on protecting the lives and health of the civilians behind the frontline. In addition to the primary need to prevent infectious diseases, the hygiene and prevention project functioned as a means to control and mobilize the public by emphasizing broad public participation. Although North Korea tried to meet the demand for a large medical personnel through short-term training, medical personnel were always in short supply during the war. During the war, it was the Korean society in Yanbian that replenished medical personnel in North Korea and provided a space for a relatively stable hospital operation. Numerous Koreans in Yanbian participated in the Korean War as nurses, paramedic staff, transfusion donors, and army surgeons for North Korea. Such large-scale participation of medical personnel in Yanbian was based on the long-established medical exchanges between Yanbian and North Korea. Koreans in Yanbian also accommodated North Korean wounded, refugees, and war orphans and provided various medical assistance to them. During the war, Yanbian was a \"secure rear\" capable of performing medical actions that could not be done in North Korea. This study has confirmed that North Korea's current participation in public health projects, which is a characteristic of its health care sector, has its origins in the Korean War. Moreover, it demonstrates that North Korea's medical history needs to be viewed from an East Asian perspective, including the Korean society in Yanbian, rather than a national-only perspective. The application of this view to the analysis of North Korean's health care system in other historical periods would facilitate richer discussions.</p>","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 2","pages":"503-535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38386404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Essay on the Historiography of East Asian Medicines: New Horizons beyond Dichotomy and \"Tradition\".","authors":"Kiebok Yi","doi":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.569","DOIUrl":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the main topics discussed by historians, including those of science, in the late twentieth century is the historical introspection into \"modernism,\" a term based on a teleological view of the world. According to the conventional understanding of world history, the historical process to modernity that has led to the Civil Revolution, Scientific Revolution, and Capitalism is linear and universally inevitable, and this-in other words, Eurocentrism-implies that only the historical experiences of Europeans are relevant. This mainstream view of world history has spread the dichotomous analytic framework of historiography and reinforced cultural essentialism, which has eventually given a Euro- or Sino-centric hierarchical presentation of history. This type of world view rests on the assumption that there are intrinsic and incommensurable differences between cultures or localities, which a lot of commentators and scholars have constantly countered by arguing that that presumption does not comply with what historical sources say. Drawing on some trail-blazing scholarship of cultural studies and others, this essay turns away from this \"conventional\" framework of historiography and presents a world view that is framed in the context of trans-locality, interconnectedness, plurality, heterogeneity, polycentricity, and diversity. In recent years, in an attempt to search for new analytic frames, some endeavors have emerged in the field of cultural or science studies to go beyond just providing critical commentaries or case studies. Furthermore, researchers and scholars in the history of science, technology and medicine in East Asia have put an effort into conceptualizing and establishing such new analytic frames. Among those approaches are attempts to shed light upon the trans-local yet global interconnectedness (emphatically in pre-modern periods), diverse historical trajectories to modernities, and polycentric as well as plural landscape of scientific enterprises over time and across the world. On top of these new visions of world history, this essay further elaborates on and proposes some conceptive ideas: (1) \"Tradition\" as a set of recipes, which could replace the idea of the living yet dead tradition; (2) \"Medicine\" as a problem-solving activity, which calls more attention to historical actors of East Asian medicine; (3) \"East Asian medicines\" as a family of trans-locally related practices in East Asia, which would lead to going beyond the nationalist historiography such as Sino-centrism; (4) \"Problematique\" as the system of questions and concepts which make up East Asian medicine, which should reveal what East Asian medicines have been about; (5) \"Styles of Practice\" for the historiography of East Asian medicines, as opposed to the cultural account, epistemological historiography or praxiography; and, as an illustrative example, (6) \"Topological Bodies\" for the history of anatomy in East Asia. Going beyond tradition and dichotomous historiog","PeriodicalId":42441,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Medical History","volume":"29 2","pages":"569-611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38386406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}