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Early 20th-Century Wooden Tenement Buildings in Estonia: Building Blocks for Neighborhood Longevity 爱沙尼亚20世纪早期的木质公寓建筑:社区长寿的基石
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.13
D. B. Hess
{"title":"Early 20th-Century Wooden Tenement Buildings in Estonia: Building Blocks for Neighborhood Longevity","authors":"D. B. Hess","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the early 20th century, the urban housing supply in Estonia expanded quickly to meet growing housing demand, resulting in tenement districts conceived for maximum profitability of rental units. In Karlova, a district near the city center of Tartu, about five hundred wooden houses, built between 1911 and the early 1920s and displaying simple Art Nouveau details, are set amid a charming district with a distinct milieu. This article focuses on three time periods during which the development of its built environment gave Karlova its distinctiveness: (1) the years leading up to World War I; (2) the interwar period; and (3) the two decades since 1991, or the post-transition period. Although the district was neglected during the Soviet era, it remains remarkably intact and has even experienced, since the 1990s, gentrification. The high-quality housing stock and charming built environment has much to offer to its diverse population of students, professionals, families, and longtime residents.","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128360367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
XX a. Masinės Statybos Gyvenamųjų Kompleksų Fenomenas Lietuvoje Europiniame Industrinės Statybos Kontekste
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.11
D. Dijokienė, Petras Džervus
{"title":"XX a. Masinės Statybos Gyvenamųjų Kompleksų Fenomenas Lietuvoje Europiniame Industrinės Statybos Kontekste","authors":"D. Dijokienė, Petras Džervus","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.11","url":null,"abstract":"Santrauka XX a. pradžia pasaulio ir Europos urbanistikos raidoje pasižymi naujo pobūdžio projektavimo ir statybos proveržiu – industrinės gyvenamosios statybos fenomenu. Gyvenamieji rajonai, statyti spartiems miestų urbanizacijos procesams reikalaujant didelio kiekio gyvenamųjų būstų, daugelyje Europos miestų paliko žymų pėdsaką. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami masinės statybos gyvenamieji rajonai bei jų atsiradimo aplinkybės (nuo idėjų iki realizacijos pasekmių). Palieciami fenomenui esminės įtakos turėje nagrinėjamų valstybių politiniai sprendimai, susije su masinės statybos industrializavimu ir propagavimu. Atliekama lyginamoji analizė, norint is˘siais˘kinti esminį fenomeno mastą ir ypatumus skirtingose valstybėse. Lietuvos atveju apžvelgiami s˘es˘iuose didžiuosiuose miestuose suprojektuoti ir įgyvendinti masinės statybos gyvenamieji kompleksai bei rajonai, nustatoma jų padėtis dabartinėje miestų struktūroje, užimama teritorija palyginama su miesto administraciniu plotu bei urbanizuotu miesto plotu.","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128757160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Empowering Public Spaces as Catalysers of Social Interactions in Urban Communities 授权公共空间作为城市社区社会互动的催化剂
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.14
Gintaras Stauskis, F. Eckardt
{"title":"Empowering Public Spaces as Catalysers of Social Interactions in Urban Communities","authors":"Gintaras Stauskis, F. Eckardt","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Improving public spaces is a strategy of great importance for the successful future of our cities and their communities. The potential of places for citizen communication is often underestimated as stimulus for growth and development of urban communities and therefore public spaces are underused. The article analyses socioeconomic and psychological effects of architectural arrangement of traditional public spaces in modern perspective as areas for social interaction between different neighbourhood and citizen groups in an urban community, based on case examples of two cities: Vilnius in Lithuania and Weimar in Germany. Analysis of changing spatial composition and principles of social functioning are directly dependent on socio-political system of each different historical period and represent the chronological evolution of the present architectural appearance of the presented urban squares. The importance of local urban territorial communities is underlined in the article as they are the most imp...","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115375442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Miesto Erdvės Ir Kultūros Naratyvai
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.16
T. Kačerauskas
{"title":"Miesto Erdvės Ir Kultūros Naratyvai","authors":"T. Kačerauskas","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.16","url":null,"abstract":"Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos miesto erdvės is˘ kultūros naratyvų perspektyvos. Is˘keliama didžioji tezė: miesto gyvenamosios erdvės atsiveria susidūrus kultūros vaizdis˘kumo ir pasakojamumo aspektams. Mažosios tezės: miestas – egzistencinio ugdymo vieta, kur pereinama į vis naują gyvenamąją erdve; miestas – ir istorinių žymenų santalkos vieta, ir utopis˘kai bevietis; miestas – vies˘oji erdvė, skirta privatiems tikslams įgyvendinti; kiekvienos miesto vietos pokytis veikia visas kitas jo erdves; erdvis˘kumas apibūdintinas kaip geba pereiti nuo vieno egzistencijos regiono prie kito; laikis˘kumas atverdamas naujus istorinius regionus yra erdvis˘kumo aspektas; miestas – savipakankamas darinys tiek, kiek jis užtikrina perėjimą nuo pasakojamumo prie vaizdumo ir nuo erdvis˘kumo prie laikis˘kumo; miestas – ir komunikacijos aplinka, ir komunikacinis veikėjas; miesto erdvių judri sankiba susiklosto kaip kultūros naratyvo pasekmė. Straipsnyje egzistencijos fenomenologijos priemonės derinamos su kultūrinės regio...","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124906925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Urbanistinis Genotipas: Kai Kurie Aspektai Ir Jų Kaitos Tyrimai
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.09
Kęstutis Zaleckis, Irina Matijos˘aitienė
{"title":"Urbanistinis Genotipas: Kai Kurie Aspektai Ir Jų Kaitos Tyrimai","authors":"Kęstutis Zaleckis, Irina Matijos˘aitienė","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.09","url":null,"abstract":"Santrauka Miestas – atvira, kompleksis˘ka sistema, kuri turi keistis tam, kad is˘liktų. Poreikis keistis ir is˘saugoti miesto savitumui svarbias erdvines jo charakteristikas dažnai vercia rinktis vieną is˘ dviejų: kaitą ar stagnaciją. Urbanistinio genotipo ir fenotipo koncepcija leidžia is˘spresti minėtą dilemą: keiciantis formai urbanistinis kodas ar genotipas gali is˘likti nepakites ir taip užtikrinti evoliucine urbanistinės struktūros kaitą. Straipsnyje, remiantis istoriniais analogais, teigiamai įvertinus urbanistinio kodo utilitaraus užras˘ymo galimybes, pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas kai kuriems kodo aspektams tirti ir jų kaitai įvertinti. Kaip tyrimų poligonas naudojamas istorinis Kauno centras – miesto savasciai svarbi ir architektūriniu požiūriu radikaliai nepakeista miesto dalis. Tyrimų rezultatai atskleidžia įvykusius didelius teritorijos urbanistinio genotipo pokycius ir kartu patvirtina vieną is˘ tyrimo pradžioje padarytų prielaidų: miestui kaip kompleksis˘kai sistemai gali būti būdingas „drug...","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128229217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Kai Kurie Eksperimentinės Architektūros Tipologinės Raidos Ypatumai
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.18
Tomas Grunskis
{"title":"Kai Kurie Eksperimentinės Architektūros Tipologinės Raidos Ypatumai","authors":"Tomas Grunskis","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.18","url":null,"abstract":"Santrauka Tesdamas anksciau nagrinėtą eksperimentinės architektūros temą, autorius straipsnyje aptaria s˘ios architektūros srities raidą, apibūdindamas tiek tos raidos kontekstą, tiek ir rys˘kesnius jos bruožus bei ypatumus. Cia aptariama ir siūloma bendroji eksperimentinės architektūros tipologija, kuri apibendrina eksperimentinės architektūros pavyzdžius pagal eksperimentavimo pobūdį ir funkciją arba paskirtį. Taip pat straipsnyje aktualizuojamas sociokultūrinis eksperimentinės architektūros raidos aspektas, ją siejant su įvairiomis socialinio bei kultūrinio konteksto sąlygomis ir aplinkybėmis, būdingomis skirtingais s˘ios architektūros rūs˘ies raidos laikotarpiais. Be to, straipsnyje aptariamas eksperimentinės architektūros brandifikacijos procesas arba tai, kokie dėsningumai yra būdingi eksperimentinės architektūros idėjų ir koncepcijų įgyvendinimui bei jų virsmui architektūriniu prekiniu ženklu.","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124203539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Triangulation and Representation 三角测量与表示
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-03-31 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.08
F. Petersen
{"title":"Triangulation and Representation","authors":"F. Petersen","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The erotic triangulation consisting of lover, beloved, lover’s image of beloved is a mechanism that automates a projection of self into a desired subject. The projection is provoked by the partly imaginary but reality inspired reconstruction of the beloved that takes place in the lover. The geometric construction is an attempt to categorize and name the elements we experience as seduction. One thing we can learn from the erotic geometry is that seduction is not exterior to the lover; it is instigated by him and takes place in him. This change in vantage point can be considered a sleight of hands. I choose to see it as an opportunity to consider the erotic ruse as a tool that can draw the observer into the ideas proposed in drawing of a space or drawing of a building, while using the observer’s empathy to generate meaning in a drawing that contain patches of yet indeterminate spaces, unknown programmatic functions and propositional subject matter that is ambiguous. The content of the triangulation...","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125197806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cubes and Concepts: Notes on Possible Relations Between Minimal Art and Architecture 立方体与概念:关于极简艺术与建筑之间可能关系的注解
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-03-31 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.07
C. Pedersen
{"title":"Cubes and Concepts: Notes on Possible Relations Between Minimal Art and Architecture","authors":"C. Pedersen","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article discusses the links and interchanges between art and architecture in the late sixties and early seventies with emphasis on the exchanges between conceptual or minimal art and architecture. The basic assumption of the article is that the rigorous conceptualisation that characterised minimal artist was transferred into some advanced architectural practices during the late sixties and early seventies. The text examines relations and differences between artists (mainly Sol Lewitt) and architects (mainly Peter Eisenman) and argues that this discussion is still relevant to current practices exploring the potentials of digital based design through the use of parametrics, scripting etc. The text concludes with an example of design-based research conducted by the author, which reflects on the themes raised in the article.","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134087234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Menas Vies˘osiose Miesto Erdvėse: Kūrėjo, Užsakovo Ir Publikos Vertybių Sandraugos Klausimas
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-03-31 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.05
Elona Lubytė
{"title":"Menas Vies˘osiose Miesto Erdvėse: Kūrėjo, Užsakovo Ir Publikos Vertybių Sandraugos Klausimas","authors":"Elona Lubytė","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.05","url":null,"abstract":"Santrauka Vies˘osios miesto erdvės atspindi vertybines visuomenės (kūrėjo, užsakovo ir publikos) nuostatas. Pereinant is˘ sovietmecio planinės ekonomikos į rinkos santykius, nuo politis˘kai reglamentuotos link demokratinės kūrybinės rais˘kos įvairovės, centralizuotą valstybinių užsakymų sistemą keicia liberalesnė meno kūrinių vies˘osiose erdvėse užsakymo sistema. Todėl s˘iandien vies˘oji miesto erdvė turėtų tapti skirtingų pasaulėžiūrinių vertybinių meninių programų pateikimo platforma. Taciau kol kas santykiams tarp skirtingų meninių programų kūrėjų, užsakovų ir publikos būdinga ne demokratinė tolerancija, o s˘altojo karo (kas ne su mumis, tas pries˘ mus, t. y. mūsų pries˘as) pozicija. Ies˘kant s˘io reis˘kinio priežascių, pasitelkus socialinių mokslų (vadybos, marketingo) tyrimų metodus (PEST, SSGG, stebėjimą ir atvejų analize), pranes˘ime aptariamos kūrėjo, užsakovo ir publikos pasaulėžiūrinių vertybių sąsajos su s˘iuolaikinės skulptūros vies˘osiose miesto erdvėse rais˘ka (nuo monumentalios reprezentaci...","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115436289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
In Pursuit of Architecture Fiction 追求建筑小说
Town Planning and Architecture Pub Date : 2011-03-31 DOI: 10.3846/TPA.2011.02
Kazys Varnelis
{"title":"In Pursuit of Architecture Fiction","authors":"Kazys Varnelis","doi":"10.3846/TPA.2011.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/TPA.2011.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This essay examines the role of architecture fiction and ecstatic realism as strategies for architects working within a protracted period of economic collapse. It reviews the history of the concept of architecture fiction and explores Werner Herzog’s idea of ecstatic realism as a means of understanding what the possibilities are for the interaction of art and architecture. Through a series of examples, I explore the development of innovative ways of interpreting the world.","PeriodicalId":423976,"journal":{"name":"Town Planning and Architecture","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128180955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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