{"title":"Changes in Attitudes Towards Mental illness after Exposure to a Course in Abnormal Psychology among Students of a Nigerian University.","authors":"B. Olley","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39899","url":null,"abstract":"Background Several community studies in Nigeria of attitudes towards mental illness\u0000suggest low knowledge and a deep-seated negative attitude about the illness . Little is\u0000known about the effect of education in changing these rather negative views.\u0000Aims To determine the effects of exposure to a 13 week course in Abnormal Psychology on a\u0000follow-up assessment of knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate students of the\u0000University of Ibadan, Nigeria towards mental illness.\u0000Method All 140 students who registered for Abnormal Psychology: course code Psy 202 in\u0000the 2004/2005 academic session were first assessed at baseline (the first day of lecture) and\u0000at after 13 weeks (26 hours) the end of course evaluation. The response rate was 100% at\u0000both baseline and at follow-up.\u0000Results At the follow-up evaluation, knowledge about mental illness was significantly\u0000higher in all the items measured. There were non-significant changes in all items assessing\u0000stigma of mental illness except in the items indicating feeling upset or disturbed working in\u0000the same job and maintaining a friendship with someone with mental illness respectively. A\u0000significant favourable change was observed in the students perception towards group\u0000homes in the neighbourhood for people with mental illness. No significant changes were\u0000observed in attitudes toward human rights of the mentally ill, except regarding an item\u0000stating that mentally ill individuals should not have children in order to avoid heredity\u0000handicaps, with which a lower percentage agreed.\u0000Conclusions Poor knowledge and stigmatization of mental illness still exist among\u0000undergraduate students in Nigeria. While exposure to a course in abnormal psychology was\u0000effective in changing knowledge, there were still some aspects of stigma that were not\u0000amenable to education. Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 5 (1) 2007: pp. 38-41","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116024588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychoactive Substance Use Among Long Distance Vehicle Drivers In Ilorin, Nigeria","authors":"B. Makanjuola, S. Oyeleke, T. Akande","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39895","url":null,"abstract":"Background Globally, the association between psychoative substance use and\u0000accidental injury or death has been acknowledged, with efforts being made to reduce\u0000accident rates in all means of transportation. While many studies have examined the use of\u0000psychoactive substances among many occupational groups, including drivers, not many\u0000has focused on substances use among long distance vehicle drivers.\u0000Aim We determined the prevalence, pattern and factors associated with the use of\u0000psychoactive substances among long distance vehicle (LDV) drivers in Ilorin, Nigeria.\u0000Method All consecutive consenting LDV drivers seen at the study period were\u0000interviewed using a modified, pilot-tested, semi-structed self-report questionnaire based\u0000on the World Health Organisation's guideliness for student's substance use survey.\u0000Result It was found that the most currently used psychoactive substances were mild\u0000stimulants (31.9%), cigrattes (30.4%), anabolic steroids (27.5%) and alcohol (15.9%).\u0000Except for cigrattes, the other substances were used mainly for instrumental purposes.\u0000Only about 50% of the respondents had ever attended a health talk on drug abuse. High\u0000level of religiousity was less likely to be associated with current use of mild stimulants and\u0000sedatives. Current use of sedatives was also significantly associated with poor mental\u0000health.\u0000Conclusion With only 50% exposure to drug abuse campaign among drivers, we\u0000suggest that more efforts should be made to enlighten LDV drivers on the dangers of\u0000substances use and abuse. Such campaigns should take advantage of religion and the\u0000strong influence of the Driver's Unions on member. These efforts, we hope, will go a long\u0000way in reducing loss of lives and properties on our roads. Though no significant association\u0000was found between current drug use and rate of accidents, we suggest a larger scope study be conducted to corroborate or refute this finding. Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 5 (1) 2007: pp. 14-18","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121520057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alcohol Use and HIV Risk taking Behaviours in a Military Setting.","authors":"G. Okulate, O. Jones, A. Osibogun","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39894","url":null,"abstract":"Background Military personnel are well known to be at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection, and being mostly youthful, commonly use alcohol. Aim The aim of the study was to compare HIV positive and negative subjects with respect to alcohol use and abuse, condom use and multiple sex partnership. Method Using a survey questionnaire we enquired into the use and abuse of alcohol, knowledge about acquired immune deficiency syndrome, use of condom and number of heterosexual relationships in a group of HIV positive patients. Their responses were compared with those from a control group of HIV negative subjects. Results Married persons were more likely to be HIV positive. Use and abuse of alcohol appear to be risk factors for being HIV positive. The HIV positive and negative groups were well knowledgeable about AIDS, but they differed in the use of condom in terms of previous use or use in the previous three months. The HIV positive one were also more likely to use the condom inconsistently with prostitutes and casual partners. Conclusion Health education campaigns on HIV/AIDS need to include alcohol use as a major risk factor in addition to the other well known risk factors including multiple sexual relationships and non-use of condom. Factors contributing to higher risk in foreign mission service personnel are also discussed. Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 5 (1) 2007: pp. 10-13","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131102466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Adewuya, B. Ola, O. Aloba, B. Mapayi, O. Ibigbami, T. Adewumi
{"title":"Alcohol use disorders among Nigerian University students: Prevalence and Sociodemographic correlates","authors":"A. Adewuya, B. Ola, O. Aloba, B. Mapayi, O. Ibigbami, T. Adewumi","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V5I1.39893","url":null,"abstract":"environments and encounter new social and institutional factors that may foster heavy\u0000alcohol use. Little is known about alcohol use disorders in non-western cultures.\u0000Aims This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic\u0000correlates of alcohol use disorders among students in Nigerian colleges.\u0000Method A cross sectional survey in which 2,658 undergraduates (males=1913,\u0000females=745) from 6 colleges in Osun state, south-western Nigeria were assessed for\u0000alcohol use disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).\u0000Results The 12-month prevalence for alcohol dependence is 0.8% (1.1% for male and\u00000.13% for female) and for alcohol abuse is 3.5% (4.4% for male and 1.1% for female).\u0000Factors independently associated with a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder include parental\u0000drinking (OR 12.00, 95% CI 6.32-22.78), male gender (OR 5.40, 95% CI 2.62-11.14), higher\u0000economic status (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.59-4.18) and being non-religious (OR 9.92, 95% CI\u00004.43-22.23).\u0000Conclusions Alcohol use disorders are common among Nigerian college students. Effective\u0000methods of early identification and forms of anti-alcoholic education are needed. Parental\u0000drinking habits and religiosity will have to be considered while planning intervention and\u0000preventive strategies. Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 5 (1) 2007: pp. 5-9","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131511335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychiatric testing for politicians","authors":"F. Olugbile","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39892","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126232671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychiatric manifestations from mid-adolescence to early adulthood: the experience of a Nigerian teaching hospital","authors":"T. Abiona, F. Fatoye, R. Okwerekwu","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39890","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124653918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A survey of psychiatric morbidity and the risk factors among chief executives of tertiary health institutions in Nigeria","authors":"A. D. Yussuf, O. Balogun, S. Kuranga","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39885","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131878076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SSRI/TCA sequential therapy: a cost effective drug regime for the long term management of depression","authors":"O. Udofia","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V3I2.39879","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126010425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electronic psychiatry: a review and comments on available resources in Nigeria","authors":"P. Onifade, L. Oluwole, T. Adamson","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122743054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alcohol beverage type, problem drinking and self-reported health status","authors":"O. Gureje, V. Lasebikan","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V4I1.39883","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127015903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}