Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"The importance of 'Group Social Support' in treatment and re-union of a declared missing paranoid schizophrenic patient with her family: A Case Report","authors":"S. Aremu, I. Abdullahi, M. Salele, S. Yahaya","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V14I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V14I1","url":null,"abstract":"Development of psychiatric symptoms may pose challenges to patients and their relatives especially if such is an index problem. Paranoid symptom especially towards relation might predispose such patient to abscond from home and the where about may  remain unknown for sometimes. Some may be assisted by good Samaritans while others might fell under the circumstances of criminals. Social support and  medical treatment may be required to reunite some of these subjects as illustrated by this case report.KeyWords : Paranoid Schizophrenia, Homelessness, Social support","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114170652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Appraisal of the Mental Health Curriculum for Undergraduates in Nigerian Medical Schools","authors":"R. Uwakwe, P. Ogualili, G. Eze, R. Makanjuola, I. Modebe","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V13I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V13I1","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Nigerian Medical Schools need to attain international bes t prac t i ces in teaching psychiatry. The supply or availability of mental health professionals demands strong medical school psychiatry curriculum. The study therefore aims to investigate the level of adherence of Nigerian Medical Schools to the requirements of the regulatory bodies with regard to the teaching of Psychiatry at the undergraduate level. Methods : A short seven item questionnaire was distributed to examiners in the Faculty of Psychiatry in April 2011, during the Fellowship Examination of the West African College of Physicians. Results : Thirteen medical schools, spread across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria were represented. Ten of the schools (79.6%) reported having a separate  department of psychiatry. Only five of the medical schools provide some teaching in behavioural sciences during the preclinical years. Seven schools have no ward round teaching, most have neither tutorials nor seminars and majority (84.6%) do not conduct an independent examination in psychiatry. Conclusions : Ppsychiatry curriculum is being selectively implemented in Nigerian Medical Schools. Keywords : Psychiatry , Curriculum, Medical schools, Nigeria, Teaching","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116689981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Responsible for Stigmatization of the Mentally Ill among Student Nurses in North-Eastern Nigeria","authors":"Jidda, J. Abdulmalik, MO Abddulaziz, RU Uwakwe, M. Wakil, Ib Rabbebe","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V11I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V11I1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is poor knowledge about mental illness, which contributes to stigmatization. The extent of the problem have been studied across cultures and found to be common(Gureje et al, 2005; Adewuya, 2007; Aghukwa, 2010) The impact of the stigma associated with mental illness is negative and pervasive; affecting patients, their family members, health care givers and the wider community. There is a need to determine the extent and factors associated with the tendency to stigmatize the mentally ill among future health care providers such as student nurses, who are potential community health educators. Aim: The study aimed to find the prevalence and the factors associated with stigma due to psychosis among student nurses Methods : It was a comparative cross sectional study of the prevalence of, and factors associated with mental illness stigma among student nurses using the Osgood semantic differential and World Psychiatric Association questionnaire on psychiatric stigma. Results : A total of 126 subjects participated in the study. The average age of the respondents was 23.7 years (SD=3.7), with an intra centre average of 23.0 and 24.6 for the Maiduguri and Damaturu centres respectively. The study demonstrated that in both study groups there was a general negative attitude (78-88.1% thought the mentally ill patients were dangerous; 78-88.5% would not marry people who had mental illness) and relatively good knowledge (29- 36% believed in a magical/ spiritual aetiology of mental disorders) about mental illness. Conclusion : Overall generally high levels of psychiatric stigma exist amongst the students' nurses, with very few socio demographic variables being associated with the levels of stigma","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132287825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of Medical Students to Psychiatry in a Nigerian University","authors":"O. N. Buhari, A. D. Yussuf, P. O. Ajiboye, B. Issa, O. Adegunloye","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69910","url":null,"abstract":"Background :Despite advances made in the understanding of psychiatric illness and its treatment, there is still a wide spread negative attitude to psychiatry. Medical students being part of the public also hold negative attitude to psychiatry. This negative attitude may influence their choice of psychiatry as a future career. The aim of this study was to examine medical students' attitude towards psychiatry at the beginning and end of clinical clerkship posting and to assess whether the clerkship posting influenced the likelihood of taking psychiatry as a future career. Methods : The ATP-30 questionnaire was administered to medical students in a University in the North-Central Nigeria at the beginning and end of clinical clerkship in psychiatry. Results : There was a fairly positive attitude to psychiatry at the beginning and end of the posting (mean ATP scores were 91.8 ± 7.6 and 92.5 ± 8.5 respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in ATP score after the posting. Only about 16% of the students would like to become psychiatrists at beginning of posting and this increased to only about 20% after the posting despite having a positive attitude to psychiatrists and psychiatric treatments. Conclusion : Medical schools need to improve the quality of the psychatric posting so as to impact positively on the attitude of students.","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"46 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125929389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence Against Mental Health Staff in Nigeria: Some Lessons from Two Mental Hospitals","authors":"D. Ukpong, F. Abasiubong, Au Ekpo, O. Udofia, Oa Owoeye","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69912","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Psychiatric patient violence against staff is frequently encountered in mental health settings. Studies from Africa and Nigeria in particular are few. Aim : The study aimed at comparing the frequency and type of physical assaults by individuals with mental illness against staff working in two mental hospitals in Nigeria with a view to identifying some staff contextual variables that could predispose them to these assaults. Methods : The study was a crosssectional descriptive report by questionnaire survey of physical assaults on 189 staff members (doctors and nurses) working at the Federal Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Yaba (FNHY), Lagos and Federal Neuropsychiatry Hospital Calabar (FNHC), Nigeria. Results : One hundred and twelve participants from the two hospitals were victims of 202 assaults. Staff of FNHC experienced more assaults (70.4%) than staff of FNHY (49.5%), and this was significant. Nursing staff were more frequently assaulted than doctors for the two hospitals. Even though staff of FNHC attended fewer courses on management and prevention of violence than staff of FNHY, not having received training in managing patient violence and gender were not significant risk factors for exposure to patient violence in a multivariate analysis. Conclusion . There is a need to formulate policies and guidelines for the management and prevention of psychiatric patient violence against staff in our mental health institutions.","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"21 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129037850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxio-depressive Symptoms in Patients with Cardiac Failure in Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH)","authors":"J. Obindo, H. Munir, B. Okeahialam","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69913","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Cardiac failure is a severe debilitating illness and a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in Nigeria. Diagnosis and subsequent management are often associated with psychological conditions. These impact on the patients' speed of recovery, cost of care as well as the quality of life. Identification, diagnosis and prompt treatment of these accompanying psychological conditions go a long way in reducing the cost of managing patients with cardiac failure. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients admitted for cardiac failure in JUTH between October 2007 and April 2008 and the associated sociodemographic variables. Study Design : A descriptive crosssectional study of patients admitted for cardiac failure in JUTH between October 2007 and April 2008. Consenting patients were administered Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a short sociodemographic questionnaire. Other information was extracted from the patients' case-notes. Results : One hundred and twenty-eight patients, comprising those consenting, with complete data and strong enough to tolerate the interview, were analyzed. The study population was made up of 74 Females and 54 Males with a Mean Age of 47.4 (SD 18.3); Mean Age for females 45.5±18.8 and Males 50.0±17.3. More than 82% were married, 67.5% had some form of formal education, 61.3% had the illness diagnosed within a year while more than 54% were employed. Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in the study population was 36.7% and 42.2% respectively. Significant association was found between depression and Marital status (pv=0.005) and the Educational level (pv=0.05) with a possible association with sex (p-v = 0.07). Though, similar trend was found with anxiety in the study population, the degree of association appeared more. The p-Values were Sex (0.01), Marital Status (0.02), and Educational level (0.03) Conclusion : Frequency of depressive and anxiety symptoms are high in patients with cardiac failure. Anxiety level seemed more in them. Prompt and adequate attention to anxiety and depression in this group of patients will not only improve their outcome but will go a long way in improving their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115858325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral Oedema in a Patient taking Olanzapine (A Case Report).","authors":"M. Dada, A. Obadeji, A. Ajayi","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69923","url":null,"abstract":"Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic used in the management of major psychiatric illnesses like schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder and has proven to be effective in the management of psychosis in demented patients. Pre-marketing trials have reported that peripheral oedema is an uncommon side effect of olanzapine use. This report presents a case of a 40 year old patient with facial and pedal oedema possibly precipitated by olanzapine.","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"51 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130436600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders among informal caregivers of patients attending the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"T. Ijarogbe, Gt Okulate, H. Ladapo, R. Lawal","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V9I2.69916","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Studies on the informal caregivers of the mentally-ill in Europe and America have revealed a high prevalence rate of anxiety and depressive disorders among this group when compared with controls. There is a dearth of studies on the effect of the caregiving role on informal caregivers in Nigeria. Aims : The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of anxiety disorders and depression among informal caregivers of mentally-ill patients attending the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria with that of a noncaregiving population. Methods : The self-administered questionnaire consisted of the sociodemographic data and the two screening instruments - the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). An interview was carried out thereafter using the Present State Examination (PSE) to obtain an ICD-10 diagnosis from those subjects who scored above the cut-off marks on either of the screening instruments earlier used. Results : Most of the caregivers were offspring of the care-receivers (35.7%) and siblings (24.1%). Many of them (84%) did not know the care-receiver's diagnosis. More than half of the caregivers had lived and cared for their wards for more than two years. A lot of the caregivers (77.4%) had respite relief from care mostly given by the hospitals (43.7%) and other family members (35.8%) and about 72.2% of them also had other supportive measures from their relatives which included money (31.6%) and visits (25.4%). Despite this, most (64.2%) of the caregivers had difficulty with their care giving roles which was mainly financial in nature (42.4%) and sometimes antagonism from their care-recipients (15.1%). No social welfare or inter-agency assistance was available for 78.7% of caregivers. At least 90% of these caregivers reported self as being deeply religious individuals and 71.4% of them were appreciated for their care giving role by the care-recipients. A higher prevalence rate (16.5%) of depressive disorders was found in caregivers than in the noncaregivers (11.1%) but this was not statistically significant (X2=2.817, df=1, p=0.093). The prevalence of anxiety disorder was relatively similar for the two comparison groups being 11.3% in caregivers and 11.6% in the non-caregivers (X2=0.009, df=1, p=0.924). Noted however is that being single, elderly and formal-healthcareseeking was significantly associated with psychopathology in these caregivers. Conclusion : Overall, these Nigerian informal caregivers seemed not to be at a significantly higher risk for development of anxiety and depressive disorders in reaction to a stressful life situation like care giving to mentally-ill persons than their non-caregiving population. This is despite poor welfare support, major financial constraints and difficulty with their caregiving roles. Most of these caregivers however had good family support, appreciation from the care-receivers and deep religious affiliations and practi","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128903141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Third Person Hallucination in Schizophrenic Suicide Attempt: A Case Report","authors":"M. Yunusa, A. Obembe","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V8I3.60093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V8I3.60093","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Suicide is among the most common causes of mortality among individuals with schizophrenia. Efforts at determining risk factors have been fruitful as some specific factors for schizophrenic suicide have been reported. However, there are few studies on the role of third person auditory hallucination in such suicide. A case of a 33 year old Nigerian man who cut his throat in response to third person auditory hallucination is presented. The apparent close relationship of this hallucinatory experience with the act of attempted suicide in this patient suggested that there is need for further investigation in determining the contribution of third person auditory hallucination to schizophrenic suicide attempt. Key Words: Hallucination, Schizophrenia, Suicide","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124657201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presentation and Follow-up Patterns of Child and Adolescent Patients attending a Teaching Hospital Psychiatric Clinic in Lagos, Nigeria.","authors":"O. Oshodi, A. Erinfolami","doi":"10.4314/NJPSYC.V8I3.60087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJPSYC.V8I3.60087","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Child and Adolescent Mental Health is a fast developing subspeciality of psychiatry in low income countries. Units in tertiary hospital settings are well positioned to be useful referral centres for young patients from other areas of medicine in such hospitals. Aim: The authors aimed at describing the ways in which the children/ adolescents presented at the psychiatric out patient clinics and their follow up attendance patterns. Method: The study was retrospective in nature, with data gathered basically from the case file records. All the records of patients that were aged below 16 years old at first presentation and were registered between January 1993 and December 2008 were included. Results: A total of 106 cases were included in the study. Mean age was 8.84 + / - 3.5) years and 60.4% were male and 39.6 female. For majority of them, the key informant at presentation was the mother (55.3%), followed by the father (19.4%) and in some cases both parents (15.1)%. It was seen from this study that more than half (55.6%)of the patients seen in the unit were referred from the paediatric neurology clinic within the teaching hospital, while another quarter (25.5%) were from child guidance centres in the community; only 15.1% walked in from the community on their own initiative. Abnormal behaviours , seizures and restlessness were the commonest reasons for presenting. Over 88% had stopped attending the clinic over the years while about 11% were still attending regularly. The average total number of clinic visits was 7.65 + - total 8.5). Conclusion: Child and Adolescent units are relevant referral units for patients with developmental or neurological problems identified from other hospital units and community child service providers. Default rates in clinic attendance is however high. Key Words: Child, Adolescent, Psychiatry, Africa, Hospital","PeriodicalId":422969,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123403864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}