Egyptian Journal of Haematology最新文献

{"title":"Case report of Aspergillus septic arthritis in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia","authors":"S. Nair, Gopan Gayatri, Sandeep T V, H. Vishnu, Swapna Bijulal","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_16_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_16_21","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal septic arthritis can occur in immunosuppressed patients, and Aspergillus fumigatus is the most common pathogen involved. Here we describe a case of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with knee joint fungal septic arthritis. This differential should be kept in mind as late detection and treatment can lead to permanent disability.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"224 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42425726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic roles of hematopoietic growth factors: treatment with a thrombopoietin mimetic (Eltrombopag) and cyclosporin A in aplastic anemia","authors":"Safaa A. A. Khaled, M. Mahmoud, D. Mahran, Sawsan Abdelaal, Safinaz Hussein","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_11_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_11_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background Eltrombopag (EPAG) was recently approved for aplastic anemia (AA). The recommended regimen is triple agents, EPAG, anti-thymocyte globulin, and cyclosporin A (CsA). Anti-thymocyte globulin is not available in many centers and has serious adverse effects. Aim This study assessed, for the first time, two-agent therapies comprising EPAG+CsA in patients with AA. Patients and methods Group A included 33 patients with AA who were treated with EPAG+CsA and prospectively recruited. Their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed. All parameters were evaluated at enrollment and after 2−3 months. Bone marrow aspirate was done after 6 months. Another 33 patients who received CsA only (group B) were retrospectively recruited for comparison. Results Both groups were matched regarding demographic and baseline hematologic profile. Significant increment and reduction, after treatment, of absolute neutrophil count and platelets, and transfusion requirements, were respectively seen in group A compared with group B, whereas mean platelet volume was significantly increased in group A only (0.025). The overall response rate and complete remission rate were 72.7 vs. 45.5% and 15.1 vs. 3% in groups A and B, respectively. Significant improvement of the total RAND scoring was found in HRQoL items of group A; however, the social functioning score did not improve significantly. Therapeutic response to EPAG+CsA was an independent effector of HRQoL. After 6 months, one patient had acute leukemia and another one developed fibrosis. Conclusions A ramp-up, short-duration, therapy with EPAG+CsA in AA is as effective as fixed-dose triple agents, with lower risk of disease progression or fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"105 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49212531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of flow cytometric expressions of CD96 and CD123 on leukemic stem cells in patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia and their utility as prognostic markers","authors":"R. Ibrahim, H. Hegab, M. Elmonem, Alia M. Saeed","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_19_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_19_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease associated with a risk of relapse or refractoriness to the frontline agents. This is attributable to the quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSC). We aimed to determine the expression status of CD96 and CD123 on the surface of LSC in adult patients with AML and their relationship to prognosis. Patients and methods A total of 40 adult patients with de novo AML and 40 age-matched and sex-matched controls were recruited from Center ‘X,’ City ‘Y,’ Country ‘Y’ from June 2017 to February 2018, with 1-year follow-up. Bone marrow samples were collected for flow cytometric analysis using CD34, CD38, CD96, and CD123 monoclonal antibodies. For cases, samples were obtained at diagnosis and on day 28 after chemotherapy, whereas for controls, samples were taken once. Results CD96 and CD123 expressions are significantly higher in patients with AML as compared with controls. CD96 expression is associated with higher initial bone marrow and peripheral blood blast percentages. Day28 CD96 expression is positively correlated with its expression on day 0 and with CD123 expression at diagnosis, with P values of less than 0.001 and 0.034, respectively. Both markers were much more frequently expressed on LSCs in differentiated AML as compared with ill-differentiated subtypes (P<0.05). Both markers are linked to poor therapy outcome, with inferior progression-free survival among CD96-positive and CD123-positive cases at day 28 (P=0.035 and 0.041, respectively). Conclusions CD96 and CD123 represent potential targetable markers for the future development of therapeutic armamentarium for AML.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"117 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44238778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute myeloid leukemias in Batna Epidemiological and cytological profile of acute myeloid leukemias:proposed 126 college cases at the Batna Anti-Cancer Center","authors":"Youcefi Afaf, Saidi-Touati Mahdia","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_31_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_31_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) are heterogeneous clonal hematologic malignancies caused by the transformation of a hematopoietic stem cell or an already-committed progenitor to the myeloid lineage. The objective of this work is to describe the epidemiological and cytological characteristics of peripheral blood and marrow in 126 patients with AML at the Batna Anti-Cancer Center between 2016 and 2019. Methods The diagnostic criteria are based on the morphology of cells under the microscope, cytochemistry, clinical presentation, immunophenotyping of blasts by flow cytometry, cytogenetics, and the search for certain molecular markers. Results The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 88 years. Morphological examination of blood and marrow smears and myeloperoxidase reaction allowed AML to be classified according to the criteria of the French–American–British group: (1) 9.5% of AML0, (2) 17.5% of AML1, (3) 11.1% of LAM2, (4) 13.5% of LAM3, (5) 15.1% of LAM4, (6) 16.7% of LAM5, (7) 3.2% of LAM6, and (8) 0% of LAM7. There were 12.7% of cases difficult to classify, and 0.8%biphenotypic cases. Conclusions Discrepancies in terms of percentages are noted between the subtypes M0, M1, and M2. These results must be supplemented by studies of cytogenetics and molecular biology.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"135 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46848453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era","authors":"A. Alshomar","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_4_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_4_22","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the production of mature granulocytes and their precursors that are dysregulated and uncontrolled. The presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) is the hallmark of CML; it encodes a chimeric protein with constitutive tyrosine kinase activity that leads to uncontrolled cell growth and eventually the development of CML. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) revolutionized the management of patients with CML. Before TKIs, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had a major role in the treatment of these patients, but currently, its use is limited to cases presenting in the advanced phase and patients in the chronic phase failing multiple TKIs. In this article, the author summarizes the data about hematopoietic stem cell transplantation use in chronic phase CML, reviews the published guidelines, and provides his opinion.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"81 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43493776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diagnostic and prognostic values of BCR–ABL in haematological malignancies: the evaluation of cytogenetic laboratory in South Egypt Cancer Institute","authors":"E. Zaki, A. Mahmoud, E. Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_25_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_25_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Haematologic malignancies (HM) are considered to be one of the top 10 malignant disorders with respect to the incidence as well as the cause of death in patients suffering from cancers. Collectively, they constitute approximately 9% of all cancer cases diagnosed in a year. Annual incidence rates of some of these cancers are consistently increasing. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) is a frequently used genetic technique in haemato-oncology. FISH is a molecular cytogenetic technique that uses fluorescent probes that bind to only those parts of the chromosome with a high degree of sequence complementarity to detect small deletions and duplications that are not visible using microscope analysis. A new generation of BCR/ABL single fusion FISH probes has been developed with high specificity. The aim of this work is to assess the diagnostic and prognostic values of BCR–ABL in cases with ALL and CML supplied to the cytogenetic laboratory in South Egypt Cancer Institute. Patients and methods The authors reviewed medical data of patients with ALL and CML who had done cytogenetic analysis in the cytogenetic lab (supplied from patient admission archives unit, private clinics, researches, and from Upper Egypt universities and cancer institutes) during the period from the 1st of January 2010 to the 31st of December 2017. It included 1223 patients; 686 (56.1%) were males and 537 (43.9%) were females. Their ages ranged from 2 months to 80 years old. Results In all, 56.1% of the studied patients were males and 43.9% were females. B-ALL was presented in 612 (50%) of patients. T-ALL was presented in 150 (12.3%) patients. CML presented in 461 (37.7%) of patients. In case of B-ALL, there were 193 patients who had positive BCR–ABL, 172 patients of them received TKI in their regimen, and 419 patients had negative BCR–ABL. In case of T-ALL, there were 13 patients who had positive BCR–ABL (all of them received TKI in their regimen) and 137 patients had negative BCR–ABL. In case of CML, there were 438 patients who had positive BCR–ABL (all of them received TKI in their regimen) and 23 patients had negative BCR–ABL. BCR–ABL gene affects the outcome and response to therapy in patients with acute lymphocytic leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia. BCR–ABL is essential in the diagnosis of CML. The latest development in the follow-up of leukemias is use of minimal residual disease (MRD) after induction therapy for prognosis as well as treatment planning. Conclusion First, BCR–ABL had great diagnostic and prognostic values. It has a great role in the treatment plan, prediction of remission rate, MRD, relapse, and overall survival in ALL and CML. Second, with the use of TKI in patients with positive BCR–ABL, BCR–ABL gene had no adverse effects on response to therapy and survival of patients with ALL.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"125 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45913120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum level of progranulin in Egyptian acute myeloid leukemia patients at diagnosis and after chemotherapy treatment","authors":"Inas Mohamed, M. Azzazi, Amal El Afifi, H. Hegab, Amro El Ghammaz, R. Fathy","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_61_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_61_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Progranulin (PGRN) is a highly conserved secreted protein that is expressed in multiple cell types, both in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and in peripheral tissues. Both directly and through its conversion to granulins, PGRN regulates cell growth, survival, repair, and inflammation. PGRN has a major role in the regulation of lysosomal function and microglial responses in the CNS. Also, PGRN has significant biological effects on different types of cancer. This protein is a regulator of tumorigenesis because it stimulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and malignant transformation. Its role has been studied in different types of cancer, for example, bladder cancer, ovarian, and breast cancer, and a few studies are done in hematological malignancies. Aim and objectives To measure the levels of PGRN in the serum of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) before and after treatment and correlate that with prognosis. Patients and methods Sixty participants included 20 healthy controls and 40 patients diagnosed as de novo AML with measurement of serum PGRN twice (at the time of diagnosis before treatment and after treatment at day 28). Results PGRN levels in healthy participants were in the range from 80 to 370 pg/ml with the mean value of 155 pg/ml, whereas in the patients, the range was from 215 to 545 with the mean value of 346 pg/ml, indicating a highly significant difference between the control (healthy persons) group and patients’ group. The authors have also decreased in serum PGRN in responders with an average level that was 300 pg/ml, which was statistically significant. Conclusion The PGRN level is high in AML and has high sensitivity and specificity as a diagnostic marker for AML and might need targeted therapy.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"94 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43780667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of microRNA 370 in acute myeloid leukemia","authors":"Fatma M Helbawi, Hesham Abd El Baset, Tahra Sherif, Mohamed Abokrisha, Maasoumeh Saleh, A. Abd-Elkader","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_42_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_42_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disorder of clonal hematopoietic stem cell, characterized by the rapid proliferation of leukemic blasts leading to abnormal accumulation of immature precursors and suppression of growth and maturation of cells involved in normal hematopoiesis. Several studies have elucidated the physiological roles of microRNAs (miRNA) as key regulators of hematopoiesis. Growing evidence shows that miRNA 370 may function either as a tumor suppressor or as an oncogene in various human cancer types, implying its crucial role during tumor development and progression. Objective The aim was to evaluate miRNA 370 expression level in patients with AML compared with healthy control and also the diagnostic and prognostic value of miRNA 370 in AML. Patients and methods This study was carried out on 80 participants to evaluate the role of miRNA 370 in AML. Group I (case) included 60 patients diagnosed with AML, and group II (control) included 20 healthy individuals. Quantitation of miRNA 370 was done by real-time PCR in the peripheral blood. Results Patients with AML had significantly higher miRNA 370 values (1.6 ± 2.8 vs. 0.24 ± 0.11; P=0.001). miRNA 370 had a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 65% for the discrimination between AML and normal controls (area under the curve=0.80, 95% confidence interval=0.71–0.89). There was a significant association between miRNA 370 and FAB classification (P=0.001). Conclusion miRNA 370 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for AML.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"88 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47937355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe fetal and mild hemolytic disease of newborn: a paradoxical presentation of maternal anti-E antibody","authors":"Rajan V. Joshi, Shilpa U. Kalane, A. Kulkarni","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_41_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_41_15","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal antibody production is stimulated when fetal red cells are positive for an antigen absent onmother’s red cells. Alloimmune hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn due to anti E is uncommon. We report a case of anti-E hemolytic disease in a neonate who had severe fetal and mild neonatal hemolytic manifestations. The neonate was treated with phototherapy. He also received intravenous immunoglobulin and single PCV transfusion.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"158 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49510103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of serpin A5 levels and coagulation parameters of sickle cell anemia patients during bone pain vaso-occlusive crisis and steady state","authors":"U. Ebele, Hassan Aderonke, A. Akinsegun, Bamiro Fafatu, I. Nda, B. Augustine, Suleiman Aishyatu, Adeyemi. O. Ibukun, Anaduaka Chinyelu","doi":"10.4103/ejh.ejh_73_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejh.ejh_73_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an inherited disorder linked to numerous complications including vaso-occlusive bone pain crisis. It is also associated with hypercoagulability and thromboembolic complications as a result of an imbalance between antithrombotic and prothrombotic substances, some of which are serpin A5 and D-dimer. This study aimed to assess these parameters during vaso-occlusive bone pain crisis and in steady state. Patients and methods This was a cross-sectional and prospective study involving SCA participants attending the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja following approval of the site’s Health Research and Ethics Committee. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assay serpin A5 during vaso-occlusive bone pain crisis and in the same set of patients 3 months after, when they were in steady state. Similarly, D-dimers and prothrombin time were also performed in both crisis and steady states. Full blood count was done during vaso-occlusive crisis only. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23; P value was set at less than or equal to 0.05. Results A total of 44 participants were enrolled into the study with a mean age of 26.55 ± 7.31 years. The mean concentrations of serpin A5, D-dimer, and prothrombin time in crisis is and steady states were 0.57 ± 0.14 and 0.51 ± 0.11 mg/ml, 1613.12 ± 790.45 and 1209.95 ± 639.56 mg/ml, and 17.96 ± 1.55 and 17.04 ± 1.20 s, respectively. Paired t test in crisis and steady state for serpin A5 and prothrombin time were statistically significant. P values were 0.02 and 0.01, respectively, but not significant with D-dimer; the P value was 0.11. Conclusion The mean concentrations of serpin A5, D-dimer, and prothrombin time are higher in the SCA bone pain crisis compared with steady state.","PeriodicalId":42139,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Haematology","volume":"47 1","pages":"152 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48722701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}