Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment最新文献

Biofunctionalized Polymer Nanomaterials: Implications on Shapes and Sizes 生物功能化聚合物纳米材料:对形状和尺寸的影响

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2020-02-19 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88707

F. F. Razura-Carmona, G. A. Prado-Guzmán, A. Pérez-Larios, M. V. Ramírez-Marez, M. Herrera-Martínez, J. Sánchez-Burgos

引用次数: 0

Stupendous Nanomaterials: Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications 惊人的纳米材料:碳纳米管的合成、表征和应用

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-12-05 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90318

K. Shanmugam, J. Manivannan, M. Manjuladevi

{"title":"Stupendous Nanomaterials: Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications","authors":"K. Shanmugam, J. Manivannan, M. Manjuladevi","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90318","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes are promising to revolutionize several fields in material science and are suggested to open the way into nanotechnology. These circular rodshaped carbon nanostructures have novel characteristics that lead them to being potentially beneficial in many applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Their precise surface place, stiffness, power, and resilience have brought about lots of exhilaration in various areas. Nanotubes are categorized as single-walled nanotubes, double-walled nanotubes, and multi-walled nanotube. Various techniques have been evolved to produce nanotubes in bulk, including of arc discharge, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition, electrolysis, and ball milling. Since their first observation nearly 20 years ago by Iijima, carbon nanotubes have been the focus of considerable research. Numerous researchers have reported remarkable physical and chemical properties for this new form of advanced carbon nanomaterials. Carbon nanotubes offer tremendous opportunities for the development of new material systems. This paper provides a concise report on recent advances in carbon nanotubes and their potential applications.","PeriodicalId":421288,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131058810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Interaction of Tungsten Dust with Human Skin Cells 钨尘与人体皮肤细胞的相互作用

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.86632

Lavinia Gabriela Carpen, T. Acsente, Maria Adriana Acasandrei, E. Matei, Claudia Gabriela Chilom, Diana Iulia Savu, G. Dinescu

{"title":"The Interaction of Tungsten Dust with Human Skin Cells","authors":"Lavinia Gabriela Carpen, T. Acsente, Maria Adriana Acasandrei, E. Matei, Claudia Gabriela Chilom, Diana Iulia Savu, G. Dinescu","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.86632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86632","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we evaluate the tungsten (W) nanoparticle toxicity with respect to the normal human skin fibroblast cell. Tungsten dust formation is expected in the tokamak-type nuclear fusion installations, regarded as future devices for large-scale, sustainable, and carbon-free energy. This dust, composed of tungsten particles of variable size, from nanometers to micrometers, could be harmful to humans in the case of loss of vacuum accident (LOVA). In order to undertake the toxicity studies, tokamak-relevant dust has been deliberately produced in laboratory and afterward analyzed. Following that, cytotoxicity tests were performed using normal human skin fibroblast cell lines, BJ ATCC CRL 2522. Our study concludes that, at a low concentration (until 100 μ g/mL), no cytotoxic effect of tungsten nanoparticles was observed. In contrast, at higher concentrations (up to 2 mg/mL), nanometric dust presents toxic effects on the cells. nanoparticles that are internalized under the membrane. These latter nanoparticles can be observed through the backscattered electron technique.","PeriodicalId":421288,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117216617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

How to Assess Nanomaterial Toxicity? An Environmental and Human Health Approach 如何评估纳米材料的毒性?环境与人类健康方针

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88970

M. M. Roberto, C. A. Christofoletti

{"title":"How to Assess Nanomaterial Toxicity? An Environmental and Human Health Approach","authors":"M. M. Roberto, C. A. Christofoletti","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.88970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88970","url":null,"abstract":"Nanomaterials had been used because of the properties they exert in such scale (<100 nm), and they have been used in a wide variety of products like paints, electronics, fabrics, and also personal care products. Recent manuscripts available in the literature demonstrate the potential benefits of nanotechnology with these products. However, when released in the environment or when in contact with the human body, it is hard to track their final destination and their influence over the living beings. So, since nanomaterials were considered an important technology, a concern about its risks also started. Due to the variety of sizes, physicochemical properties, and uses, many researchers are aiming to assess the possible toxicity of this class of particles. Because of that, the chapter objective is to gather which assay, performed in vivo and in vitro, is the most frequently used and recommended to measure nanomaterial toxicity. Also, it is important to know which is the most suitable test to evaluate the toxicity over the environment, through direct effect and after biodegradation, and also related to human health. This chapter presents a concise review about the accepted methods to assess nanomaterial toxicity and also discuss about the need for regulamentation. toxicity.","PeriodicalId":421288,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127040690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

SiO2-Based Materials for Immobilization of Enzymes 固定化酶的二氧化硅基材料

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87046

C. Anastasescu, M. Anastasescu, I. Balint, M. Zaharescu

引用次数: 3

Applications of Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) in Nanotechnology 碲化镉(CdTe)在纳米技术中的应用

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-06-08 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85506

A. M. Kadim

{"title":"Applications of Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) in Nanotechnology","authors":"A. M. Kadim","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85506","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) were prepared by chemical reaction and used to fabricate electroluminescence quantum dot hybrid junction device. QD-LED was fabricated using TPD: PMMA/CdTe/Alq 3 device which synthesized by phase segregation method. The hybrid white light-emitting devices consist of three layers deposited successively on the ITO glass substrate; the first layer was of tetra-phenyl diaminobiphenyl (TPD) polymer mixed with polymethyl methacry-late (PMMA) polymers, while the second layer was 0.5 wt% of the (CdTe) QDs for hybrid device, whereas the third layer was tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq 3 ). The organic light-emitting device (OLED) was considered by room temperature photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL). Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics indicate that the output current is good compared to the few voltage (6 V) used which gives good results to generate white light. The electroluminescence (EL) spectrum of hybrid device shows a wide emission band covering the range 350–700 nm. The emissions causing this white luminescence were identified depending on the chromaticity coordinates (CIE 1931): x = 0.32, y = 0.33. The correlated color temperature (CCT) was found to be about 5886 K. Fabrication of EL devices from semiconductor material (CdTe QDs) between two layers, organic polymer (TPD) and organic molecules (Alq 3 ), was effective in white light generation. The recombination processes and I-V characteristics give rise to the output current which is good compared to the few voltages used which give good results to generate light.","PeriodicalId":421288,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122563705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Risk Assessment and Health, Safety, and Environmental Management of Carbon Nanomaterials 碳纳米材料的风险评估和健康、安全和环境管理

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-04-11 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85485

Guilherme F. B. Lenz e Silva, C. Viana, D. Domingues, F. Vieira

{"title":"Risk Assessment and Health, Safety, and Environmental Management of Carbon Nanomaterials","authors":"Guilherme F. B. Lenz e Silva, C. Viana, D. Domingues, F. Vieira","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85485","url":null,"abstract":"The management of health, safety, and environmental (HSE) aspects during production, manipulation, storage, incorporation, and disposal of carbon nanomaterials is the key factor for the development of a safe-by-design work based on nanotechnology. The almost endless possibility of functionalization, chemical interaction, and addition of nanomaterials into new products implies a new management approach of HSE. Low amount of reliable toxicity and ecotoxicity data of nanomaterials and nanomaterial composites is available. As complete exposure/ release assessments are a challenging task, recommendation for control measurements is still based on the precautionary point of view. There is an incomplete understanding of environmental fate- and time-related exposure, and of consumer- and worker-related risks and hazards. Control banding and risk evaluation matrix tools can be used to mitigate labor and environment impacts of carbon nanomaterials. This chapter presents new tools and methodologies for exposure assessment and risk evaluation of hazards used on HSE management system of carbon nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":421288,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133801587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Oxidative Stress Produced by Urban Atmospheric Nanoparticles 城市大气纳米颗粒产生的氧化应激

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84923

D. Mitrea, A. Toader, O. Hoteiuc

{"title":"Oxidative Stress Produced by Urban Atmospheric Nanoparticles","authors":"D. Mitrea, A. Toader, O. Hoteiuc","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84923","url":null,"abstract":"In urban areas, the diesel-fuelled and bio-fuelled vehicles represent the major sources of nanoparticles complemented by nanotechnology with different types of particles, in addition to natural and to other anthropogenic sources. The atmospheric nanoparticles differ in composition, size, shape or oxidant capacity, presenting a large variability that causes difficulties in their measurements and health impact identification. The oxidative stress can be initiated by atmospheric nanoparticles through different mechanisms: interaction between nanoparticles and tissue cells, cellular internalisation of nanoparticles, activation of signalling pathways, decrease of the cellular antioxidants, activation of the pro-inflammatory cascade, lipid peroxidation, activation of cellular signalling pathway that leads to apoptosis, etc. Ultrafine particles (<100 nm) represent ~80% of the total atmospheric particles and produce inflammation through oxidative stress mechanisms. The atmospheric nanoparticles can penetrate the skin and can be inhaled or ingested affecting different organs and leading to different diseases: neurodegeneration, thrombogenesis, atherosclerosis, asthma, lung cancer, heart arrest, etc.","PeriodicalId":421288,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127051693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Phosphate-Mineralization Microbe Repairs Heavy Metal Ions That Formed Nanomaterials in Soil and Water 磷矿化微生物修复土壤和水中形成纳米材料的重金属离子

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2019-02-14 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84296

Xiaoniu Yu, Q. Zhan

引用次数: 5

Electrospinning Technology: Designing Nanofibers toward Wound Healing Application 静电纺丝技术:设计用于伤口愈合的纳米纤维

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81530

D. Coelho, Beatriz Veleirinho, Thaís B. Alberti, A. Maestri, R. Yunes, P. F. Dias, M. Maraschin

引用次数: 14