Twentieth-Century China最新文献_第8页

Abolishing Boundaries: Global Utopias in the Formation of Modern Chinese Political Thought, 1880–1940 by Peter Zarrow (review) 《废除边界:1880-1940年中国现代政治思想形成中的全球乌托邦》，彼得·扎罗著

IF 0.6

Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2022.0013

Matthew Galway

引用次数: 1

War, Disunity, and State Building In China, 1912–1949 1912-1949年中国的战争、分裂与国家建设

IF 0.6

Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2022.0012

Emily M. Hill

引用次数: 1

Questioning the Teleology of the Central State in Republican China 对民国中央国家目的论的质疑

IF 0.6

Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2022.0016

Xavier Paulès, David Serfass

{"title":"Questioning the Teleology of the Central State in Republican China","authors":"Xavier Paulès, David Serfass","doi":"10.1353/tcc.2022.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tcc.2022.0016","url":null,"abstract":"No doubt the expansion of the reach of the state can be considered one of the prominent features of the twentieth century.1 Many studies have described this process in Western Europe and beyond.2 In the case of China, however, there is a marked tendency in the historiography to assume that, except for the Qing dynasty’s lastditch efforts to modernize from 1901–1911 with the New Policies (新政 xinzheng) reforms and a short-lived attempt during the Nanjing Decade (1928–1937), the first half of the twentieth century represented, for the most part, a discontinuation in the process of state building. It was in order to question this assumption that we organized a conference on “State-Building through Political Disunity in Republican China,” held in Paris at EHESS (École des hautes études en sciences sociales) in September 2018. The idea was to target the Republican period (1912–1949) as one of critical importance in the process of state building in modern China. A key aspect of the Republican period, in fact, is political fragmentation. None of the central governments asserting themselves and (mostly) recognized as such—the Beiyang governments (1912–1928) and the subsequent Nationalist government (1928–1949)—was in a position to control China Proper, let alone the whole territory formerly dominated by the Qing dynasty. Moreover, these central governments faced many formidable challengers, including regional warlord and Communist regimes as well as pro-Japanese governments. Contemporaries lamented the lack of effective centralization because they saw political disunity as a decisive obstacle on the road toward a modern and powerful China capable of (among other things) renegotiating the “unequal treaties” as Meiji Japan had done. This Republican concern for disunity and its negative effect on state building tends to persist among today’s specialists on Republican China (regardless of nationality). Admittedly, scholars have demonstrated that the Beiyang governments, despite their","PeriodicalId":42116,"journal":{"name":"Twentieth-Century China","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41662378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tea War: A History of Capitalism in China and India by Andrew B. Liu (review) 《茶战：中国和印度的资本主义史》，刘（评论）

IF 0.6

Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2021.0034

Elizabeth Joy Reynolds

引用次数: 0

Soundscapes of Uyghur Islam by Rachel Harris (review) Rachel Harris的维吾尔伊斯兰教声景（评论）

IF 0.6

Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2021.0032

E. Schluessel

{"title":"Soundscapes of Uyghur Islam by Rachel Harris (review)","authors":"E. Schluessel","doi":"10.1353/tcc.2021.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tcc.2021.0032","url":null,"abstract":"descendants had settled there. Chapter 3 places the tradition in the context of Daoist ordinations and points out just how Longhushan adopted and standardized traditional forms, while chapter 4 focuses on the ritual components of the school. Its development under the Song and Yuan is the subject of chapter 5, followed by a detailed discussion of its role under the Ming and Qing in chapters 6 and 7. The last two chapters outline its development from the nineteenth century to the present day, with the sixty-fifth Heavenly Master residing in Taiwan. In several cases, major representatives, such as the forty-third patriarch, Zhang Yuchu (1361–1410), are presented in great detail, providing a vivid picture of the lives and roles of high-ranking Daoist masters in traditional China. Overall, it turns out, the Heavenly Master was a multifaceted figure: not only highly venerated among the general populace, he was also a celestial official empowered in the otherworldly hierarchy and the key representative of a central institution that served the imperial government by standardizing practices, registering ordinations, licensing priests, tithing lay followers, and taming ecstatic and demonic cults by either suppressing or integrating them. As such, he was the core of a deep state, an encompassing bureaucracy that continued to adapt to the changing social and political context over the centuries, in all cases parallel to, and closely interacting with, the popular ranking of gods (Earth God, City God, Jade Emperor) and the imperial administration. Like the latter, the Heavenly Masters strove to establish and maintain monopolies, such as over the issuing of official documents, the performance of essential rites, and the appointment of key officials. However, being a religious organization, much of their authority was symbolic rather than concrete and their legitimation came from the realm beyond rather than from this world. Today, after many tribulations in the twentieth century, the institution continues, with its leader in Taiwan and the mountain undergoing renovation and expansion. Goossaert succeeds admirably in presenting the complexity of the institution as it developed over the centuries. He relies on a vast array of sources, ranging from established documents found in Daoist collections through stele inscriptions to local manuscripts and personal records. His research is meticulous throughout, bringing together textual expertise, in-depth historical examination, sociological evaluation, and anthropological awareness. He builds his work on previous studies, which he acknowledges frequently. However, after the first chapter (which covers a rather well-examined topic), he moves into largely uncovered ground. His work is awe-inspiring, pathbreaking, and breathtakingly comprehensive, raising the understanding of the Heavenly Master tradition and the role of leading Daoists in traditional Chinese society to a completely new level. It is at the forefront of th","PeriodicalId":42116,"journal":{"name":"Twentieth-Century China","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42292886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Unworthy Scholar from Pingjiang: Republican-Era Martial Arts Fiction by John Christopher Hamm (review) 《不值一提的平江学者：共和时代的武侠小说》（书评）

IF 0.6

Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2021.0030

Lehyla G. Heward

引用次数: 0

China and the Cholera Pandemic: Restructuring Society Under Mao by Xiaoping Fang (review) 《中国与霍乱大流行:毛领导下的重构社会》，方晓平著(书评)

IF 0.6

Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2021.0028

Rachel Core

引用次数: 0

The "Acid Test" of the Revolution: Demobilization and the Collapse of Chiang Kai-Shek's Military Coalition in 1929 革命的“严峻考验”:1929年复员与蒋介石军事联盟的崩溃