Twentieth-Century China最新文献_第7页

Questioning the Teleology of the Central State in Republican China 对民国中央国家目的论的质疑

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Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2022.0016

Xavier Paulès, David Serfass

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引用次数: 0

Soundscapes of Uyghur Islam by Rachel Harris (review) Rachel Harris的维吾尔伊斯兰教声景（评论）

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Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2021.0032

E. Schluessel

{"title":"Soundscapes of Uyghur Islam by Rachel Harris (review)","authors":"E. Schluessel","doi":"10.1353/tcc.2021.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tcc.2021.0032","url":null,"abstract":"descendants had settled there. Chapter 3 places the tradition in the context of Daoist ordinations and points out just how Longhushan adopted and standardized traditional forms, while chapter 4 focuses on the ritual components of the school. Its development under the Song and Yuan is the subject of chapter 5, followed by a detailed discussion of its role under the Ming and Qing in chapters 6 and 7. The last two chapters outline its development from the nineteenth century to the present day, with the sixty-fifth Heavenly Master residing in Taiwan. In several cases, major representatives, such as the forty-third patriarch, Zhang Yuchu (1361–1410), are presented in great detail, providing a vivid picture of the lives and roles of high-ranking Daoist masters in traditional China. Overall, it turns out, the Heavenly Master was a multifaceted figure: not only highly venerated among the general populace, he was also a celestial official empowered in the otherworldly hierarchy and the key representative of a central institution that served the imperial government by standardizing practices, registering ordinations, licensing priests, tithing lay followers, and taming ecstatic and demonic cults by either suppressing or integrating them. As such, he was the core of a deep state, an encompassing bureaucracy that continued to adapt to the changing social and political context over the centuries, in all cases parallel to, and closely interacting with, the popular ranking of gods (Earth God, City God, Jade Emperor) and the imperial administration. Like the latter, the Heavenly Masters strove to establish and maintain monopolies, such as over the issuing of official documents, the performance of essential rites, and the appointment of key officials. However, being a religious organization, much of their authority was symbolic rather than concrete and their legitimation came from the realm beyond rather than from this world. Today, after many tribulations in the twentieth century, the institution continues, with its leader in Taiwan and the mountain undergoing renovation and expansion. Goossaert succeeds admirably in presenting the complexity of the institution as it developed over the centuries. He relies on a vast array of sources, ranging from established documents found in Daoist collections through stele inscriptions to local manuscripts and personal records. His research is meticulous throughout, bringing together textual expertise, in-depth historical examination, sociological evaluation, and anthropological awareness. He builds his work on previous studies, which he acknowledges frequently. However, after the first chapter (which covers a rather well-examined topic), he moves into largely uncovered ground. His work is awe-inspiring, pathbreaking, and breathtakingly comprehensive, raising the understanding of the Heavenly Master tradition and the role of leading Daoists in traditional Chinese society to a completely new level. It is at the forefront of th","PeriodicalId":42116,"journal":{"name":"Twentieth-Century China","volume":"46 1","pages":"E-30 - E-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42292886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Tea War: A History of Capitalism in China and India by Andrew B. Liu (review) 《茶战：中国和印度的资本主义史》，刘（评论）

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Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2021.0034

Elizabeth Joy Reynolds

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The Unworthy Scholar from Pingjiang: Republican-Era Martial Arts Fiction by John Christopher Hamm (review) 《不值一提的平江学者：共和时代的武侠小说》（书评）

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Twentieth-Century China Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1353/tcc.2021.0030

Lehyla G. Heward

引用次数: 0

China and the Cholera Pandemic: Restructuring Society Under Mao by Xiaoping Fang (review) 《中国与霍乱大流行:毛领导下的重构社会》，方晓平著(书评)