African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)最新文献

{"title":"ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of People and Goods: Its Implications for Nigeria’s National Security","authors":"L. Saka, L. Amusan","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a6","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of ECOWAS was a bold attempt to stimulate interdependence and regional integration in West Africa. The central objective of the organization was to promote cooperation and development in economic, political, social and cultural affairs among member states. As part of the efforts to achieve its central objective ECOWAS member nations adopted, ratified and put into effect the 'Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, Right of Residence and Establishment. The protocol was directed at eliminating barriers to free trade including the removal of obstacles to the free movement of goods, capital and person. Without much doubt, the protocol on free movement has eased the movement of persons, enhanced mobility, and promoted closer cooperation and policy coordination among community members and their citizens. However, the protocol is not without its drawback, the most important of which is the fact that the unhindered movement of people that it promotes directly and indirectly generates threats to national security. Informed by this position, this paper examines ECOWAS protocol on the free movement of persons and its negative implications on Nigeria's national security within the context of the tenuous security challenges arising from terrorist insurgency and transnational criminal activities in the sub-region.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134186478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement Support Programme for Vhembe Rural-Based Primary Schools’ Educators: A Developmental Perspective","authors":"T. Manyage, F. Sithubi, T. Mudau, F. Ravhuhali","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigated the impact of the Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement’(CAPS) support programme on Vhembe primary school educators. Descriptive design was employed in which questionnaires were administered to 59 educators at Dzondo circuit of Vhembe district in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Among the findings, 31(52,5%) of the participants indicated that there was need for supporting educators with training, skills and equipment. The findings of this study may assist in developing a support programme for rural based educators towards implementing the Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement to promote quality teaching and learning.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129612186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards finding a cure for COVID-19: the role of African Traditional Medicine as an indicator of development","authors":"M. Bhuda, Ennocent Khazamula","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a8","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization (WHO) announced the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus, on March 11, 2020. Nations all over the world reacted quickly, enacting various mitigation measures such as travel and movement restrictions, prohibitions on meeting, generalized or partial lockdowns, handwashing, and promotion of good hygiene and health. Corona virus outbreaks have claimed the lives of many people globally since 2019, with an estimated of over 5 million people infected. The world health organization since the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic released statements about nations working towards finding a vaccine for the virus. Furthermore, with 80% of African population depending on traditional medicine, a spotlight was on the WHO about their views on African traditional medicine, which is a component of African indigenous Knowledge Systems as one of the COVID-19 treatments. The WHO therefore declared that traditional medicine would undergo clinical trials to check its potential as COVID-19 treatment. The paper examines the effects of COVID-19 in Africa, as well as existing clinical trials in African traditional medicine to cure and treat the virus, using existing literature. In addition, the paper considers the future of traditional medicine in the pharmaceutical and other medical plant industries.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121072639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of Financial Literacy on Personal Savings Behaviour: A study of the City of Tshwane and Mahikeng Municipality Employees","authors":"I. Mbukanma, R. Rena","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a11","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to identify the level of financial literacy among South African households and statistically ascertain the impact of financial literacy variables on household savings behaviour. Quantitative research was conducted to achieve these objectives, where data was collected from the employees of City of Tshwane and Mahikeng Municipality. A cluster analysis was employed to identify the group cluster of respondents. In addition, a Path Coefficient analysis was conducted to identify the significance of financial literacy on household savings behaviour. The study's findings revealed that the respondents have a reasonable level of financial literacy, which is in line with the conceptual findings of previous literatures. Secondly, it was ascertained that variables under financial control, financial planning, financial knowledge, and understanding positively impact household savings behaviour. Meaning that the more they are familiar with these variables, the more they are likely to save. On the contrary, the variables under the construct of knowledge of financial products and services were identified to impact household savings behaviour negatively, meaning that the more they are knowledgeable on financial products and services, the lesser they are likely to save. Hence, it was concluded that stakeholders and policymakers in charge of financial and savings literacy in South Africa should incorporate these identified positive variables of financial literacy into their savings campaign programmes.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115072588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artisanal Gold Mining and Local Socio-Economic Development in Ife Land, Southwest, Nigeria: A situational Analysis","authors":"Agunyai Samuel Chukwudi, V. Ojakorotu, Oluwakemi Roseline Olatunji","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a4","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the effects of artisanal gold mining on cash crop plantations and safe coexistence in Ife land, Nigeria. It hypothesized that artisanal gold mining inadvertently encourages communities to sell their land cheaply to gold merchants and forego agricultural food production. These were with the view to advancing knowledge about how artisanal gold mining impedes local socio-economic development in Ife land. It utilizes mixed method of quantitative and qualitative research designs. Results showed widespread damage of cash crops, relocation of local indigenous cocoa investors from mining communities due to insecurity, and lands were sold cheaply out of fear of losing them to gold merchants, thus, jeopardizing food security in mining communities. It concludes that artisanal gold mining is progressively devastating local socio-economic development of mining communities in Ife land, Southwest Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127339566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Socio-economic Implications of Pre-service Teachers School-based Experiences through Students’ Reflective Practices\"","authors":"S. Danso, Mensah Joseph Frank, Boateng Alex, Pillay Pravina","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a14","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to explore pre-service teachers’ school-based experiences through their reflective practices. A qualitative research approach was employed based on the multiple case study design. Data was collected from 20 pre-service teachers who were purposively sampled. The data was in the form of personal reflective accounts as well as open-ended questions. Seven themes were generated under 3 broad categories after the triangulation of data. The categories were organizational culture, instructional, and shared leadership as well as community engagement in extra-mural activities. The results indicate that there were varied school-based experiences by pre-service teachers based on the kind of organizational culture that existed in their host schools. These challenges could be addressed if university departments responsible for teacher training embark on community engagements on the supportive role those pre-service teachers play in their host schools as well as the responsibilities of the schools towards them.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132080422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Batho Pele Principles in the 21st Century: The case of the Department of Home Affairs, South Africa","authors":"Carmen Joel","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a12","url":null,"abstract":"This article examined the relevance of the Batho Pele Principles in the 21st century. The Department of Home Affairs in South Africa was used as a case study. In 1997, the Batho Pele Principles were established as a mechanism to aid the improvement of service delivery in South Africa. However, there has been an increase in service delivery protests across the country over the last few years. Research has shown that the increased service delivery protests since the dawn of democracy in South Africa have often been linked to the fact that the needs of the general public have not been met by the incumbent government. The citizens, and more especially the poor, are not satisfied with the lack of service delivery (or poor service delivery in some instances) where service has been delivered. The unhappiness of the citizens towards government’s lack of, or poor service delivery, seems to be compounded by public officials, who refuse to be accountable and responsive to the needs of the public they are expected to serve when they were appointed in public offices. The methodology used in this article is qualitative and quantitative. It is based on content analysis of the literature available on the application of Batho Pele Principles in South Africa to determine whether these principles are being applied in the provision of services at the Department of Home Affairs.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132521261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interplay between Civil Society and Local Government in South Africa: Conflict and Collaboration in the Delivery of Public Services","authors":"Betty C Mubangizi","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a3","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, following the dawn of democracy in South Africa, there has been a renewed thrust by civic organisations in matters of local-level service provision. The role of formal and informal organisations in highlighting inadequate provision of basic services by municipalities has attracted the attention of, first, the media, and now researchers and policymakers alike. The interest is mainly due to the abrupt and often violent nature of civic involvement in service delivery protests often directed at local municipalities in diverse and far-flung areas of the country. In this conceptual paper, a discussion of civic involvement in pre- and post-South Africa’s democratic local government is advanced by exploring the historical development of civic organisations' role, notably how that role has been reconfigured since the dawn of South Africa’s democracy. In the context of poorly resourced municipalities, a critique of collaborative ventures in developing and delivering essential water and sanitation services is provided while exploring the complexities of network governance arrangements and the opportunities they present for livelihoods. The paper then concludes by looking at prospects for the future and making recommendations on how poorly resourced municipalities could leverage civil society organisations’ role through collaborative network governance for the greater good of promoting sustainable livelihoods in South Africa.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133693641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Political Economy of Rights to the COVID-19 Vaccine in Southern Africa","authors":"Miriam Hofisi, M. Lukamba","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2022/siv2a7","url":null,"abstract":"Access to vaccine and medical technologies is a right derived from the right to health as enshrined in the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights and other international and national conventions. However, there is a void between the commitment in principle to enhancing this access as part of the right to benefit from scientific progress on the one hand, and technical considerations surrounding universal access to health goods on the other hand. In Southern Africa, studies on the COVID-19 vaccine focused on how the international community has failed to commit itself to helping developing countries in providing aid towards vaccine procurement. Little effort has been directed at exploring alternatives to the manufacturing of generic vaccine. The study aimed to explore the possibilities of increasing the availability of generic vaccines in Southern Africa. An exploration of the potential of state institutions together with Africa-based pharmaceutical companies to ascertain the possibility of carrying out the task of manufacturing the vaccine was done. This was done through document analysis from literature that has been published on vaccine production of even other diseases as well as that of COVID-19. Literature comprised of official documents, academic publications as well as company documents. In addition to that, an analysis of documents on the enabling legal framework was also conducted. Through document analysis, national medicine policies that were reviewed indicated that although health is a constitutional right, the drafting of it did not factor the element that lack of access to vaccines seriously compromise the right to health. There was inadequate availability of human expertise, while commitment at national level was insignificant. On the enabling legal framework, it was noted that the World Trade Organisation, Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property also created inequality of access by prioritising intellectual rights more than access to health. Given the lack of expertise, insignificant national commitment, and promotion of the rights to health in some Southern African states, a higher mortality risk is imminent. Hence the need for a comprehensive establishment of equitable access to COVID-19 vaccine in Southern Africa countries.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129973596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critique of Online Learning in Higher Education during the Coronavirus Lockdown Level 5 in South Africa","authors":"G. Naidoo","doi":"10.31920/2634-3649/2021/V11N1A6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31920/2634-3649/2021/V11N1A6","url":null,"abstract":"Despite adapting to the lockdown necessitated by the Coronavirus pandemic, Higher Education Institutions in South Africa have acknowledged that continued lockdown further jeopardizes the 2020 academic calendar. This paper looks at what the Higher Education response has been to continue with academic activity at the onset of Lockdown Level 5. The use of electronic tuition through various media channels has been highlighted since the announcement of lockdown, at all levels of education. While this approach may constitute work-in-progress, it also poses many challenges, chief of which is the high cost of Internet access and data. In this paper, an analytical literature review was conducted using communication media analysis through desktop research. Two conceptual structures, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Two-way Communication Model (TCM), underpin the study. The paper found that the Coronavirus pandemic and lockdown have forced HEIs to rethink their teaching and learning strategy on the run; that online learning has begun but with varying degrees of success and that implementation presents challenges. Further monitoring post lockdown, to establish the effectiveness of the HEI response, is vital.","PeriodicalId":421107,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Development Studies (formerly AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121999757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}