Epigenetics Insights最新文献

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Histone Modifications: Epigenetic Mediators of Environmental Exposure Memory. 组蛋白修饰:环境暴露记忆的表观遗传媒介。
IF 3.2
Epigenetics Insights Pub Date : 2018-10-14 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2516865718803641
Jessica Camacho, Patrick Allard
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引用次数: 0
Involvement of Epigenetic Promoter DNA Methylation of miR-124 in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. miR-124的表观遗传启动子DNA甲基化参与hiv -1相关神经认知障碍的发病机制
IF 2.2
Epigenetics Insights Pub Date : 2018-10-14 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2516865718806904
Shilpa Buch, Palsamy Periyasamy, Minglei Guo
{"title":"Involvement of Epigenetic Promoter DNA Methylation of miR-124 in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.","authors":"Shilpa Buch,&nbsp;Palsamy Periyasamy,&nbsp;Minglei Guo","doi":"10.1177/2516865718806904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2516865718806904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in controlling viremia, the central nervous system (CNS) continues to harbor viral reservoirs. The persistence of low-level virus replication leads to the accumulation of early viral proteins, including HIV-1 Transactivator of transcription (HIV-1 Tat) protein. Based on the premise that cART does not impact levels of HIV-1 Tat, and since the CNS is inaccessible to the cART regimens, HIV-1-Tat-mediated neuroinflammation has been implicated as an underlying mediator of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The mechanism(s) underlying the pathogenesis of HAND, however, remain less understood. Understanding the epigenetic/molecular mechanism(s) by which viral proteins such as HIV-1 Tat activate microglia is thus of paramount importance. The study published by Periyasamy et al provides new mechanistic insights into the role of HIV-1-Tat-mediated DNA methylation of miR-124 promoter in regulating microglial activation via the MECP2-STAT3 signaling axis. Furthermore, the authors have also reported that exposure of mouse primary microglial cells to HIV-1 Tat notably increased DNA methylation of primary miR-124-1 and primary miR-124-2 promoters (with no change in primary miR-124-3), resulting in turn to downregulated expression of both primary miR-124-1 and primary miR-124-2 as well as mature miR-124 in mouse primary microglial cells. The authors also examined the involvement of MECP2-STAT3 signaling in HIV-1-Tat-mediated microglial activation. Based on these novel findings, it is evident that dysregulation of miR-124 is involved in the pathogenesis of HAND and that restoration of miR-124 could serve as an adjunctive treatment for dampening neuroinflammation associated with HAND.</p>","PeriodicalId":41996,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2018-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2516865718806904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36674850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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