Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications最新文献

Advanced Care Planning: a Bibliographic Review from the Perspective of Social Work in Health Care 高级护理计划:基于卫生保健社会工作视角的文献回顾

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000119

José Raúl Rodríguez Rodríguez

{"title":"Advanced Care Planning: a Bibliographic Review from the Perspective of Social Work in Health Care","authors":"José Raúl Rodríguez Rodríguez","doi":"10.23880/abca-16000119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/abca-16000119","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at identifying the role that Social Work in Health Care in the process of Advanced Care Planning (hereinafter ACP). For this purpose, a bibliographic review has been carried out whose population study was composed of scientific articles related to ACP, published between 1 Jan. 2009 and 1 Jan. 2019, related to the Social Work aria Health Care discipline. For the selection of articles, descriptors from Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) have been used. The search terms “Social Work” and “Advanced Care Planning” have been used in natural and controlled language. Boolean operators (“y” “and”, in Spanish and English) have also been used. Regarding search platforms and databases, the following have been used: PubMed, Cochrane Library Plus, IME, CSIC, SCOPUS, OvidSPMEDLINE and Google Scholar. As to the results, 14,248 articles were located, from which 1,295 entered the review process of these, only 20 were selected as the rest did not adapt to the selection criteria. Looking at the year of publication, the scientific production for 2016 represented 27.2% of the total. Regarding the type of research, 45.4% were quantitative studies and 90.9% focused their attention on the attitude of Social Work professionals regarding the ACP. With regard to the categories of the reviewed articles, 45.4% referred to training in Social Work in Health Care on Advanced Care Planning ACP. That same percentage referred to the commitment of these professionals with ACP. The current study shows that Social Workers in Health Care have the aptitude and commitment necessary for Advanced Care Planning ACP. However, these professionals require more training. The paper also raises the issue that the topic of a dignified ‘end of life’ process needs to be present in syllabuses for grade and postgraduate education within the Social Work in Health Care discipline.","PeriodicalId":419562,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122708816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Bioethics and Biolaw in the Vaccine against COVID 19 in Brazil 巴西抗COVID - 19疫苗的生物伦理和生物法

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000201

Eliana Aló Silveira

{"title":"Bioethics and Biolaw in the Vaccine against COVID 19 in Brazil","authors":"Eliana Aló Silveira","doi":"10.23880/abca-16000201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/abca-16000201","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic that was caused by COVID 19 made the world rethink ethical principles, morals, and justice, but always side by side with science. Never has bioethics been thought of so much, as a science that aims to provide the ethical content so that the human being is treated with dignity in the face of scientific techniques that concern life. Bio law as a branch of legal science reveals itself as an indispensable branch to the legal system, to regulate and reconcile biotechnological advances with the principle of human dignity, founded on democracy and the defense of fundamental rights. In the international sphere, the right to life is foreseen in art. 4 of the 1969 American Convention on Human Rights, a document that was ratified by Brazil and comes from the regional system. In the Brazilian legal system, the provision is in article 1, clause III, of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which established human dignity as the foundation of the Democratic State of Law, also regulating, in article 5, the right to life. Starting from these guidelines that the human being should not be considered a \"thing\", or an instrument, the thought, even if philosophical, can lead to important conclusions in the field of scientific experimentation, especially with what has been happening in relation to the vaccines for COVID-19, that even if approved by a committee and following international protocols, one cannot guarantee with them the absolute protection of human dignity, principles of bioethics and fundamental human values. And, because of these discussions, the courts are urged to manifest themselves about the refusals of workers to be vaccinated.","PeriodicalId":419562,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124700620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Human Rights in Mexico 墨西哥的人权状况

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000134

Ida Leal

引用次数: 1

Purely Consequentialist Legal Activism in the Brazilian Criminal Constitutional Jurisdiction based on Case Studies in the Jurisprudence of the Supreme Federal Court 巴西刑事宪法管辖权中的纯粹结果主义法律行动主义——基于最高联邦法院判例的案例研究

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000195

Víctor Minervino Quintiere

{"title":"Purely Consequentialist Legal Activism in the Brazilian Criminal Constitutional Jurisdiction based on Case Studies in the Jurisprudence of the Supreme Federal Court","authors":"Víctor Minervino Quintiere","doi":"10.23880/abca-16000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/abca-16000195","url":null,"abstract":"The present study intended, based on the use of the methodology related to legal consequentialism, the field of consequentialist argumentation and possible risks of its use by judges, in particular, those who perform constitutional jurisdiction and efficient speeches and the concept of purely consequentialist activism, assess whether, and to what extent, it would be possible to divide the concept of purely consequentialist activism into degrees according to the legal nature of the decision handed down within the scope of the Supreme Federal Court, more specifically, with regard to the (non) provisionality of the decision. Throughout the work it was possible to divide purely consequentialist activism into two species. The first of these, called first degree consequentialist activism, characterized by monocratic decisions or judgments that respect the limits of merit and, consequently, the principle of collegiality, and; second-degree consequentialist activism, characterized by monocratic decisions that, not meeting the limits of precautionary decisions, end up disrespecting the principle of collegiality","PeriodicalId":419562,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130636403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Delegated-Cooperative Democracy as an Alternative to the Crisis of Contemporary Democratic Policies 当代民主政策危机的替代选择——委托合作民主

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000198

Tiago Tendai Chingore

{"title":"The Delegated-Cooperative Democracy as an Alternative to the Crisis of Contemporary Democratic Policies","authors":"Tiago Tendai Chingore","doi":"10.23880/abca-16000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/abca-16000198","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the issue of democracy the delegated cooperative democracy as an alternative to the crisis of contemporary democratic policies. At first, the theoretical premises that guide the theoretical framework that underlies the liquid-cooperative democratic model are exposed: starting from the philosophical reflections of John Dewey and Axel Honneth. In a second point of view, from procedural deliberative democracy to liquid-cooperative democracy: How can we redirect power to citizens in the context of today's democracies? In the third point we present the idea that lies behind the \"spirit\" of net-cooperative democracy as a credible alternative to democracies in the 21st Century. We consider this credible democratic model that can \"rally\" power to citizens. Methodologically, the work is based on deconstruction and reconstruction, accompanied by the reading, analysis and interpretation of texts that deal with the subject under study. It is concluded that the time has come to institute a democratic policy that can 'redouble' power in the hands of citizens in order to participate equally in public life, thereby minimizing the great social, political and economic inequalities prevailing in the various States considered democratic in the world and in Mozambique in particular.","PeriodicalId":419562,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127725837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial Intelligence and Contracts: A New Reality 人工智能与契约:一个新的现实

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000182

Demétrio Beck da Silva Giannakos

引用次数: 0

Implementation of Informed Consent in Complementary & Alternative Medicine (Cam) in Homeopathy Services by Ahmadiyya Congregation Practices in Yogyakarta and Jakarta 在日惹和雅加达的Ahmadiyya教会实践中，顺势疗法服务中补充和替代医学(Cam)知情同意的实施

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000197

D. Ratnasari

{"title":"Implementation of Informed Consent in Complementary & Alternative Medicine (Cam) in Homeopathy Services by Ahmadiyya Congregation Practices in Yogyakarta and Jakarta","authors":"D. Ratnasari","doi":"10.23880/abca-16000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/abca-16000197","url":null,"abstract":"Informed consent is the consent given to a patient for a medical action after obtaining all important information about the nature and consequences of the action. Procedures regarding the method and content of informed consent still need to be analyzed to provide protection for doctors, patients and related institutions. The purpose of this study is to discuss more deeply about the method and content of informed consent in homeopathic services by practitioners of the Ahmadiyya congregation. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with a total of 20 participants consisting of homeopaths, patients, and staff of the National Homeopathy Department which was conducted through in- depth interviews using purposive sampling and then data is processed using coding and presented descriptively. Homeopaths more often use informed consent oral. The elements of informed consent: • A good way of delivering information is conditioned according to the background and psychological condition of the patient. • Correct in the delivery of homeopathy (how to reveal the patient's diagnosis, alternative goals of action, risks, prognosis where every homeopath never promises a cure to the patient and completely free financing except for homeopaths that have independent clinics. • Complete information the factors that influence the use of homeopathy are dissatisfaction in 34% of patients; need for personal control in 16% of patients; and philosophical congruence in 50% of patients. The application of informed consent is not just giving a signature, but the essence of informed consent is explanation of the information followed by informed consent either in oral or written form so that the patient can make decisions and can be accounted for. More comprehensive education, policies and in-depth socialization of informed consent are urgently needed for practitioners.","PeriodicalId":419562,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133168502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What if we also apply Bioethics Principles outside Healthcare? 如果我们在医疗保健之外也应用生物伦理原则会怎样?

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000205

D. P. Hoffman

引用次数: 0

By neglecting George Perkins Marsh, we only have Paulo Freire’s utopia 如果忽视了乔治·帕金斯·马什，我们就只能得到保罗·弗莱雷的乌托邦

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000183

Ivan Fortunato

引用次数: 0

How can Clinical Research Trials Conducted in Developing Countries Minimize Exploitation? 在发展中国家进行的临床研究试验如何使剥削最小化?

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/abca-16000191

G. Mukherjee

{"title":"How can Clinical Research Trials Conducted in Developing Countries Minimize Exploitation?","authors":"G. Mukherjee","doi":"10.23880/abca-16000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/abca-16000191","url":null,"abstract":"Western scholars, pharmaceutical companies, and academic institutions are and have been conducting research in developing countries for many years. These locations boast substantial cost savings, expedited timelines, and little to no regulatory oversight, making them attractive to developed-world researchers. Residents of these communities are impoverished, often illiterate, unemployed, and with untreated health conditions. Because established ethical protocols for international research are often compromised or misconstrued by researchers and/or their sponsors, these individuals are left vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. In this paper, I explore how current utilization of ethical guidelines is enabling exploitation. I identify ethical questions regarding subject recruitment, informed consent, standard of care, and the post-trial obligations of researchers. I then examine specific situations in which exploitation occurred because of drug, vaccine, or clinical trials. I conclude by offering recommendations to create a more streamlined approach to international research that takes into account the experiences and needs of vulnerable populations. This approach helps ensure that participants are fully involved in the ethical approval process; able to choose whether or not to participate without any undue influence or pressure; treated with the standard of care best suited to their context and surroundings; and reasonably given access to any interventions proven effective during the course of the trial.. A respect for beneficence, justice, and self-autonomy should guide researchers’ interactions with subjects before, during, and after the trial.","PeriodicalId":419562,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128154158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0