Temida最新文献

{"title":"Invisible victims of non-ethical reporting on suicide in Serbia","authors":"Mirjana Dokmanović","doi":"10.2298/tem1903263d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1903263d","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this paper is the analysis of the way the daily printing in Serbia is engaged in the reporting on suicide and the level of respect of the Code of Ethics of Serbian Journalists. The aim of thee paper is to present and analyse the findings of the research on the manner of reporting on cases of suicide in electronic editions of eight daily newspapers in the period from 1st January to 30th September 2018. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the media content, including photographs and video footage was performed. The research findings showed that only two dailies out of eight fully followed the professional and ethical conduct for journalists. In total, 223 articles have been published about cases of suicide. Out of this number, the Code of Ethics has been violated in 147 articles (65.9%). In 40 articles media un-ethically reported on cases of suicide of children and minors. The most frequent methods of the Code of Ethics? violations include: disrespect of dignity, privacy and grief of people who have experienced the death from suicide of a loved one, publishing photographs of the scene of a given suicide, and pictures of an individual who has died by suicide and of his/her family members, and using language which sensationalises suicide. Due to unethical reporting, members of the family of the persons who committed suicide have been exposed to additional trauma and stigmatization, thus becoming invisible victims of irresponsible media reporting. The analysis of the legal and institutional framework has shown that mechanisms for the protection of their right to privacy and dignity are in place. Beside court protection, the victims of non-ethical reporting may seek protection from the Press Council, an independent self-regulatory body that has been established for monitoring the observance of the Code of Ethics and solving complaints made by individuals and institutions related to media content. However, it has been found that the traumatised and stigmatised family members very rarely use these opportunities provided. The analysis of the complaint proceedings before the Press Complaints Commission from the beginning of its work in September 2011 to 2019 showed that only three persons filed complaints against media seeking protection of their right to privacy and dignity.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women in the police profession and a review of the situation in the Serbian police","authors":"M. Tomić","doi":"10.2298/tem1903289t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1903289t","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to present the results of the research in which we examined the professional integration and advancement of women employed in the Police Directorate for the City of Belgrade. The problem of integration and advancement of women in the Serbian police was investigated at the Police Directorate of the City of Belgrade, Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Serbia, in the period from 2016 to 2017, by using a qualitative and quantitative methodology. The results showed that there are objective circumstances that stop women at a certain stage of career promotion, which have origins and a multi-level stronghold, emphasized at the social level influenced by patriarchal relationships. The results suggest that circumstances of a formal and informal nature are aggravating and that they fundamentally confirm theories of gender inequality in the masculine professions, such as the police profession. In police services, in Serbia, women still constitute a minority that is covertly discriminated against and publicly segregated on the sidelines of the profession.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New criminal law responses of the Republic of Serbia to violence against women","authors":"Sladjana Jovanovic","doi":"10.2298/tem1902169j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1902169j","url":null,"abstract":"The Republic of Serbia, within the framework of (intolerably) frequent amendments to the criminal legislation (often rooted in populist demands), has also improved its response to violence against women, which is the subject of this paper. In the first place, new criminal offences have been analyzed, as well as the more severe legislative penal policy, the main features of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence, and the link between the legal framework and the judicial practice, in order to point out the existing shortcomings. The author concludes that changes in approaches are most often explained as necessity due to European integration, and harmonization with the EU law (in the field of protection of women from violence, for which the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence is of particular importance), so there is an impression that the changes are more formal, declarative and not well-thought-out.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partner violence against women with malignancies","authors":"T. Klikovac","doi":"10.2298/tem1902209k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1902209k","url":null,"abstract":"The content of this paper is an overview of the results of some available foreign studies related to the experience of violence against women suffering from various malignancies, especially breast and gynecological cancers. The topic is both specific and complex because it considers double victimization - malignancy and violence. The idea for this review paper emerged from author?s observations during the years of her clinical and psychotherapy practice, who after 16 years of work with the population of children, adolescents and adults with malignant diseases at the Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, continued to deal with counseling and psychotherapy of adult oncology patients and their family members in private practice. This paper is intended to stimulate research on violence against women suffering from malignant diseases in Serbia. The author?s experience and observations from her daily psychotherapy practice indicate that violence, especially partner violence against women suffering from malignant diseases, both in the years before the onset of the disease and during and after the end of combined oncological treatment, is, unfortunately, rather present in Serbia. For a more comprehensive and systematic insight into this issue, it is necessary to conduct an ?anonymous? national victimization survey to cover women aged 19-75 who are treated for the most common malignancies typical for women (breast and gynecological cancers) in all reference national oncology centers across Serbia.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of legislative framework for the protection of women victims of violence in Serbia","authors":"Sanja Copic","doi":"10.2298/tem1902143c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1902143c","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of advocacy of the civil society in Serbia for legal reforms for better protection of women from violence and the development of the legislative framework for the protection of women victims of violence. Advocacy for legal protection of women against violence in Serbia began already in 1980s, primarily due to the activities of women?s groups and feminist researchers. Advocacy activities intensified during the 1990s. In 1994, the Group for Women?s Rights of the European Movement in Serbia prepared a first draft of amendments to the laws related to domestic violence and marital rape. Although not successful, this advocacy was very important in terms of raising awareness of state officials and general public about violence against women. First legal reforms and establishment of normative framework for the protection of women against violence, especially domestic violence, sexual violence and human trafficking, occurred only after political changes in 2000. They were initiated and largely based on drafts written by the experts of the Victimology Society of Serbia. The basis for these changes was the proposal of a harmonized reform of several laws in order to ensure criminal, civil and misdemeanour protection of women against various forms of gender- based violence developed in 1998 and further improved after 2000. Advocacy that followed resulted in first instruments of legal protection of women victims of violence: domestic violence was foreseen as a standalone criminal offense, restraining orders have been introduced, legal protection against sexual violence has been improved, and human trafficking was criminalized. Since the acceptance of Serbia?s EU candidacy and the start of the EU integration process, a strategic framework for the protection of women against violence has been developed; the protocols for dealing with domestic and intimate partner violence and other implementation instruments have been adopted, which set up a basis for more efficient implementation of legal norms in practice. Ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence and opening negotiations for the EU accession set a new framework for advocacy and contributed to further improvement of legal protection of women against violence. Stalking, sexual harassment, female genital mutilation and forced marriage have been incriminated. The Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence was adopted, which aims to ensure effective prevention from domestic violence and urgent, adequate and effective protection and support to victims through improvement of coordination and cooperation between competent services. This should ensure integrated, multi-sector and human rights-based approach to prevention, prosecution and protection of women victims of violence. Normative framework for the protection of women against violence is to a larg","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revenge porn as a form of cyber misogyny","authors":"Vida Vilic","doi":"10.2298/TEM1901059V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1901059V","url":null,"abstract":"Among many forms of abuse of privacy in the cyberspace and social media networks, particular attention is given to the so-called cyber misogyny. It refers to the existence of deeply rooted prejudices against women and encompasses various forms of gender- based hatred, harassment and violence against women that occur in a virtual (cyber) space. The subject of this paper is an analysis of emerging forms of cyber misogyny, particularly focusing on one of its most widespread forms: revenge porn. Through revenge porn in the cyberspace, misogyny can be manifested through publishing someone?s intimate photos, that is, photos of their intimate private life or sexually explicit photos and videos. In all these cases, publications in cyberspace or social media occur without the knowledge, willingness or consent of the photographed person. The purpose behind such activity is to shame and/or humiliate the victim by causing her pain and moral suffering for reasons of revenge. The anonymity of the victim is not preserved; on the contrary, her identity and other relevant data are listed in order to identify and make the victim more visible. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to point out to the seriousness of this phenomenon that occurs in the cyberspace, which presents violation of privacy and causes difficult consequences for the victim. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate the possibilities of criminalization and protection of the (mostly female) victims of this criminal act. The main topics analysed in this paper include: a definition of cyber misogyny and revenge porn, an explanation of the most common forms of its manifestation, existing forms of protection, and criminalization of revenge porn worldwide and in the Republic of Serbia.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence against women after separation and divorce of the partners: Challenges in assessments and decisions on protection measures","authors":"Tanja Ignjatović","doi":"10.2298/tem1902189i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1902189i","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this paper is violence against women in the period of separation and after the partners? divorce/separation. Leaving a violent partner can be a risk factor for the continuation or emergence of violence, the primary motive being the male partner?s desire to maintain control over his female partner. Experts May perceive pre-existing violence as a problem of an ended relationship, or consider that women raise this issue, and even play it up because they are emotionally hurt or trying to gain an advantage in court. The root of violence is misinterpreted, as a response to a stressful divorce situation, ranging from the man?s anger and deprivation due to separation, as a passing ?incident?, to mutual partner violence. The purpose of our research, which is of exploratory character, is to look at the situation and the behaviour of experts from the two services - the Welfare Center and the Court - in the context of the described problem. A qualitative approach was applied, i.e. documentation relative to 62 court cases has been analyzed, with a special focus on cases (25) in which the lawsuit for domestic violence protection measures was filed after the divorce/ separation of the partner, after the procedures of determining custody of children were completed. The analysis revealed that in nearly all the examined cases (96,8%) it was the woman who sought protection measures to be imposed. Most of the women (80,6%) had been exposed to physical violence and frequent threats, whereas all of them had suffered diverse forms of psychological violence. In nearly all of those cases (95,2%) the children had witnessed their fathers? violent behaviour towards their mothers, and were often direct victims of manipulation against their mothers; or the women had received threats involving their children. The analysis has detected two types of situations with several variations. The first type relates to situations where violence was present during the marriage, sometimes from the very beginning, and continued after the partners? separation/ divorce, while the second type relates to cases where violence was predominantly connected to the context of visitation and maintaining contact between the child and the parent who was not granted custody. It has been shown that the complexity of the phenomena and situations, coupled with the lack of clear and practical information on the process and content of assessments, pose serious challenges and responsibilities to experts. Bearing in mind that the principle of the protection of the victim?s safety is primary and guiding all expert procedures, it would be necessary to improve the understanding of the difference between conflict and violence, the impact of coercive control and abuse, including the abuse of children in this context, when assessing and deciding on protection measures and determining the visitation model between the children and the parent who was not entrusted w","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young foreign women in prison: A case study in Malaga prison","authors":"I. A. Cerezo, M. Izco","doi":"10.2298/tem1903235c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1903235c","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present the results of the research on the reality that young migrant women face in prison, trying to analyze whether they, judging by their own speech, consider themselves victims of some sorts of discrimination in Malaga?s prison. The main objective is to get to know the previous history of women before entry to prison, their criminal experience, experience in the judicial process and their daily activities in the penitentiary centre, as well as the treatment received by the prison staff. In addition, the paper tries to explain the expectations for the future of these young women after their release. The final conclusions reflect a very complicated situation for women living in Malaga prison, especially when factors such as age and migration are also involved.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence against women and teaching at higher education institutions in Serbia","authors":"Vesna Nikolic-Ristanovic","doi":"10.2298/tem1902129n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/tem1902129n","url":null,"abstract":"The paper has two aims. It aims to present first steps in introducing the topic of violence against women in higher education institutions in Serbia as well as to present results of exploratory research about the current situation regarding the place that violence against women as a topic has in teaching at the selected higher education institutions in Serbia. In the first part of the paper, the first time inclusion of this topic in one criminology textbook and the syllabi at the Law Faculty (University of Nis) in 1998, and later (2004) at the Faculty for special education and rehabilitation - FASPER (University of Belgrade) is described. The importance of the cooperation of the author of this paper and professor Slobodanka Konstantinovic Vilic, persons and circumstances that were beneficial for their ideas to be realized, as well as further development of teaching about violence against women at these faculties is emphasized. In the second part of the paper current state of teaching about violence against women at the Law Faculty (University of Nis) and FASPER is examined within a larger context of the situation at similar faculties in Serbia. The analysis is focused on the visibility of the violence against women topic in the syllabi of the faculties of three state universities: University of Belgrade, University of Nis and University of Novi Sad. Apart from the Nis Law Faculty and FASPER, the analysis included the law faculties of the University of Belgrade and University of Novi Sad, as well as Special education and rehabilitation studies at the Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad. The analysis is based on the data contained in the syllabi (undergraduate, master and doctoral level) that were available online on the internet sites of the given faculties in October 2018. Qualitative analysis of the syllabi was performed. It included the following data: course title, goals, outcomes, content and reading materials. The results suggest that violence against women topic is included in teaching at the majority of the faculties encompassed by the study, while at the same time there is inconsistency in dealing with different forms of violence. The topic of domestic violence is the most common, while sexual violence and trafficking in people (women) are less present. Some faculties have courses specifically dealing with either domestic violence or trafficking in people. Other forms of violence against women, such as stalking, work-related abuse and violence against women in general, are rarely present in syllabi, i.e. only at certain faculties. We can assume that these topics are only sporadically taught, or are not taught at all. The topic of violence against women is most prominent in undergraduate level syllabi, while it is somewhat less represented on the master level and in doctoral studies. However, on the other side, some master courses are completely or largely devoted to topics related to violence against wo","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of torture of persons deprived of liberty in Serbia: the State of affairs and challenges","authors":"Nataša Tanjević","doi":"10.2298/TEM1901079T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1901079T","url":null,"abstract":"According to numerous international documents, the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia as well as relevant laws and by-laws related to the criminal justice system in general and the field of execution of criminal sanctions in particular, there is an absolute prohibition of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment and of inviolability of physical and psychological integrity od people. Thus, the most important international documents related to the prohibition of ill-treatment of persons deprived of liberty are analysed in the paper. Moreover, the aim of the paper is to determine the extent to which Serbian legislation complies with the international standards in this field. In order to identify possible shortcomings in this area and, consequently, the needs for improving the protection of persons deprived of liberty from torture, special attention is given to the role of independent monitoring mechanisms in the prevention of torture. This is particularly important if bearing in mind that the right to physical integrity and human dignity falls under the human rights category and that the prohibition of torture has a special status in international law and is treated as an imperative norm, thus, binding every state.","PeriodicalId":41858,"journal":{"name":"Temida","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68851097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}