Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Conventional Tillage and Zero Tillage on Different Soil and Yield Parameters","authors":"Sushil Kumar, V. Rani, Anil . Kumar, R. Pannu, A. Mor","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.sp117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.sp117","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation and conventional tillage directly affects soil environment for crop production. Conservation tillage provides a layer of crop residue which increases soil fertility, soil erosion, leaching of fertilizer, pesticides and herbicides into the ground water. Studies conducted in different climate zones showed that no-tillage resulted in acidification of surface layer when continued for several years compared to conventional tillage. Some study shows Conservation tillage enhance water infiltration rate and reduce moisture evaporation from soil, while some other study stated slower water infiltration rate in no tillage soil then on tilled. surface tillage and no tillage instead of conventional tillage are to control soil erosion, enhance crop performance, and use energy more efficiently. Decomposition of crop residues kept on the soil surface possibly release allele-chemicals which further strengthen the inhibitory effects on weed seed germination and early growth and development of weed plant. As with impact of tillage on root distribution, no-tillage causes greater and deeper water accumulation in the soil profile and greater root growth. Higher labor, animal or equipment requirement is a major drawback of conventional tillage. Conservational tillage allows elimination of several operations, depending on the conservation tillage systems used. Observation of numerous studies reveals that zero-tillage is superior to conventional tillage resulting in higher yields. Similarly several studies reveals that crops grown under zero tillage have yields as similar as or better than those grown under conventional tillage.","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121833020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological Tools to Identify the Amelioration Effect of Salicylic Acid Under Salinity in Sorghum at Bloom Stage","authors":"M. Jangra, S. Devi, Neeraj Kumar, Satpal, Ramparkash","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.sp110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.sp110","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about the impact of salicylic acid in sorghum under salt stress. Sorghum genotype HJ 513 was used for the experiment, which was carried out as factorial in a completely randomized design. Plants were grown in screen houses under four salt levels (0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 dS m-1 NaCl) and three salicylic acid, SA (0, 25 and 50 ppm) levels with twelve different combinations. Sorghum leaves were harvested at bloom stage (80 DAS) and assayed for electrolytic leakage percentage (ELP) i.e. 93.81% in HJ 513, osmolytes content (Proline value increased from 59.75 to 86.56 (µg g-1 DW) in HJ 513 under 10 dS m-1 with respect to control, total soluble carbohydrate content also increased from control to 10 dS m-1 i.e. 0.21 to 0.42 (mg g-1 DW) in HJ 513, glycine betaine content increased from control to 10 dS m-1 i.e. 135.67 to 286.63 (µmole g-1 DW) in HJ 513 The specific activities of the superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase under salt stress (10 dS m-1) increased 69.12%, 255.29% and 92.65% in HJ 513 respectively. Compared with the plants treated with salt alone, added salicylic acid significantly decreased ELP and significantly enhanced osmolytes concentration and also the antioxidant enzymatic activity in salt-stressed leaves of that genotype. That SA effect was time-dependent and became stronger as the experiment continued. It could be concluded that higher activities of SOD, CAT and POX in salt-stressed leaves induced by SA addition may protect the plant tissues from membrane oxidative damage under salt stress, thus mitigating salt toxicity and improving the growth of sorghum plants. The results of the present experiment coincided with the conclusion that SA may be involved in metabolic or physiological changes in plants","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"37 7-8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120897875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Tractor Mounted Boom Sprayer on Brinjal Crop","authors":"P. P. Pawase, P. R. Pawar, S. Nalawade, K. G. Dhande, G. Bhanage","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47112","url":null,"abstract":"Brinjal is one of the most popular and principal vegetable crops grown in India. The most common method of applying pesticides to the field crops in the more developed and relatively wealthy agricultural regions of the world is with hydraulic boom sprayers. The working principal of the tractor mounted boom sprayer is to move the spray liquid to the individual nozzle along the boom. Due to inefficient spraying machine lot of pesticide was loss. The proposed sprayer was therefore tested using the pressure gauge and droplet analyzer in the laboratory for brinjal crop. The developed control valve assembly of boom sprayer was tested in a laboratory in terms variables viz., of droplet size, droplet density, uniformity coefficient, nozzle pressure and nozzle discharge for four level of operating pressure (278, 413, 551 and 689 kPa) and number of active openings of on-off valves (all valves open, one valve closed, two valves closed, three valves closed and four valves closed). The deposition of droplet was taken at top, middle and bottom position of plant and on upper and lower leaf surface. The nozzle pressure increases from 501.13 to 1093 kPa while closing the on-off valves of boom sprayer at 689 kPa operating pressure. The nozzle discharge increases from 0.88 to 1.35 l min-1 while closing the on-off valves of boom sprayer at 689 kPa operating pressure.","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125877862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties of Soil in Onion Based Cropping Systems Through Organic Nutrient Management","authors":"A. Dhonde, U. Surve, V. S. Patil","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47120","url":null,"abstract":"The field studies were conducted for 2 years (2015-16 to 2016-17) on a clay loam soil at the IFSRP, Rahuri, to assess the influence of organic nutrient management systems on soil physical, chemical and biological properties in the onion based cropping systems. In respect of all above assessment, application of 50% N through FYM + 50% N through Vermicompost to kharif crops followed by 100% N through organic (In equal split of N through 50 : 50% FYM : Vermicompost) recorded significant values of physical, chemical and biological properties of soil.","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126182902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Micronutrients on Growth and Quality Parameters of Sponge Gourd Seeds (Luffa cylindrica) Through Priming","authors":"Alpana, A. Dayal, P. Rai, S. Nagar","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47206","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment of seed priming was conducted in the post-graduate laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during 2021 in Pusa chikni of Sponge gourd. The micro-nutrients were used in the treatments of the Sponge gourd seeds which are treated with T1 - ZnSO4 0.1%, T2 - ZnSO4 0.5%, T3 - ZnSO4 1%, T4 - MnSO4 0.1%, T5 - MnSO4 0.5%, T6 - MnSO4 1%, T7 - CuSO4 0.1%, T8 - CuSO4 0.5%, T9 - CuSO4 1%, T10 - B2(SO4) 3- 0.1%, T11 - B2(SO4) 3- 0.5%, T12 - B2(SO4) 3- 1% with T0 as control for 12 hrs. Between paper method and sand method were adopted to observe the effect of micronutrients on germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling length, fresh weight of seedlings, dry weight of seedlings, vigour index I, vigour index II. The highest seed germination percentage was recorded in ZnSO4 0.5%. ZnSO4 0.5% showed best result in all the quality parameters followed by ZnSO4 1%","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114915504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Rice Diseases and Different Cultivars with Weather Parameters at Maval Region","authors":"N. Kashid, O. S. Godbole, A. P. Deshmukh, V. Sthool, J. Jadhav","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47114","url":null,"abstract":"The field experiment, “Studies on effect of different paddy cultivars with various cultivation methods of paddy in relation to weather parameters.” was carried out during kharif, 2018 at Agricultural Research Station Farm, Vadgaon Maval, Tal. Maval, Dist. Pune. It was laid out in split plot design with three replications. There were sixteen treatment combinations comprising of four varieties viz., VDN-3-51-18 (Indrayani), VDN-99-29 (PhuleSamruddhi), IET-13549 (Bhogawati) and RDN-99-1 (Phule Radha) and four cultivation methods viz., M1 : Four Point Agro Technique (Char Sutri Method), M2 : Drilling at 22.5 cm, M3 : Saguna Rice Technique (SRT) and M4 : Modified Direct Seeded Rice Technique (MDSRT). The lower pest population was observed in paddy variety VDN-99-29 (Phule Samruddhi) followed VDN-3-51-18 (Indrayani) and higher incidence with IET-13549 (Bhogawati) and RDN-99-1 (Phule Radha).Pest Incidence was more with drilling at 22.5 cm and lower with Modified Direct Seeded Rice Technique (MDSRT). There was positive correlation between maximum temperature, morning relative humidity, BSS, growing degree day and canopy temperature with incidence of leaf folder and brown plant hopper but negative correlation with minimum temperature, evening relative humidity. Therefore, It would be suggested to Farmers to go for adopt VDN-99-29 (Phule Samruddhi) variety, sowing with Modified Direct Seeded Rice Technique (MDSRT) for for minimum attack of rice pest.","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125628002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumptive Use, Water Use Efficiency and Moisture Extraction Pattern of Summer Pearl Millet in Western Maharashtra as Influenced by Sowing Times and Irrigation Regimes","authors":"P. B. Pawar, D. Dahat","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47301","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during summer 2010 and 2011 at Water Management Project Farm, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Ahemadnagar, Maharashtra, India to find out appropriate sowing times and irrigation regimes for summer pearl millet. Twelve treatment combinations were investigated in this study: four with sowing times including D1 - 6th MW (5th - 11th February), D2 - 8th MW (19th - 25th February), D3 - 10th MW (5th - 11th March) and D4 - 12th MW (19th - 25th March) and the remaining three treatments were of irrigation regimes I 1 - 100 mm CPE, I 2 - 125 mm CPE and I 3 - 150 mm CPE. Irrigation water for all treatments was precisely supplied using Replouge flume. The consumptive use of water was more in 8th MW (394.2 mm) followed by 6th MW (391.0 mm) and 10th MW (382.2 mm). The consumptive use of water was more in 100 mm CPE irrigation regime (443.47 mm), followed by 125 mm (379.67 mm) and 150 mm CPE (321.0 mm) irrigation regime. Whereas, reverse trend was noticed for water use efficiency was more in 150 mm CPE (8.16 kg ha-1 mm-1) irrigation regime. The soil moisture extraction was more from middle soil moisture layer of 15-30 cm in 6th MW followed by sowing of crop in 8th, 10th and 12th MW during both the years. The soil moisture extraction from surface layer of 0-15 cm was more with 100 mm CPE irrigation regime owing to adequate moisture supply followed 125 mm CPE and 150 mm CPE irrigation regime during both the years. The sowing of summer pearl millet in 8th MW increased grain yield (30.09 q ha-1), consumptive use (394.16 mm) and net monetary returns (Rs. 25742 ha-1) while the 100 mm CPE irrigation regimes increased grain yield (29.48 q ha-1), consumptive use (443.47 mm) and net monetary returns (Rs. 23784 ha-1). Results indicated that 100 mm CPE irrigation treatment gave the highest crop yield, followed by 125 mm CPE and 150 mm CPE irrigation regimes treatments. Increasing water stress sharply decreased biomass production. Water use efficiency (WUE) was increased as inadequate water is supplied to crop (150 mm CPE irrigation regime). Results also proved that summer pearl millet sowing in 8th MW (19-25th February) and irrigating with 100 mm CPE irrigation regime treatment is a practical tool to harvest maximum crop yield, monetary benefits and water use efficiency.","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"1 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113936755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Meteorological Drought using Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) in Western Maharashtra, India","authors":"A. Bhagat, S. Gorantiwar, V. Malunjkar","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47205","url":null,"abstract":"The crop production in rainy season in rainfed areas is dependent on vagaries of monsoon and is adversely influenced. The knowledge of different rainfall characteristics such as onset and withdrawal of monsoon, dry spell and drought would enable the optimal crop planning and implementation of protective irrigation strategies, thus mitigating the adverse impact of uncertainties of rainfall. The assessment of drought is one of the most important steps in risk management of drought analysis. The basis of drought indices is often based on measuring the deviation of precipitation values from long-term mean, during a specific period of time. The standard precipitation index (SPI) can be used for indicating the associated temporal and spatial variations. The aim of this research is the assessment of the characteristics such as intensity of meteorological drought using SPI with 12 months time scales in Western Maharashtra, India. The index has been computed in with 12 months time scales for 105 stations with 30 years record period in the study area and evaluated for the recent drought during 1983-2012. The results indicate that the rainfall pattern of Western Maharashtra exhibits non-uniform, irregular and erratic pattern of rainfall, as evidenced from SPI values. The meteorological drought shifted one step towards severity of drought condition for the time scales (month 1-12) i.e. from extremely wet to very wet; very wet to moderately wet; moderately wet to near normal; near normal to moderately dry; moderately dry to severely dry and severely dry to extremely dry condition.","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133084606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Dates of Planting on Rice Growth and Yield During Karif Season","authors":"K. Riya, B. Ajithkumar, Davis P. Lincy, John C. Laly, A. Latha","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47119","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. Rice is the mainstay of nearly 40% of the world's population. The planting date is critical for ensuring that the crop receives the best weather conditions possible. The duration of phenophases correlated negatively with the maximum temperature. Towards the end of the planting season, the duration is shortening. Plant height was found to have a significant positive correlation with rainfall and a significant negative correlation with temperature. Dry matter accumulation was highest on August 5th, with a positive correlation with relative humidity and a negative correlation with temperature. It was observed that rainfall during heading to 50% flowering had a negative correlation with a number of filled grains. The yield of the crop had a significant negative correlation with rainfall during the flowering to physiological maturity. The planting date is critical to ensuring that the crop receives optimal weather conditions","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114599246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Seasonal Variations and Different Organic Wastes on Growth Parameters and Fecundity of E. fetida","authors":"Anshua, Dharambir Singh, Priya, Mahimab Shweta","doi":"10.56228/jart.2022.47313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47313","url":null,"abstract":"Earthworms are major contributors to soil biodiversity; they are the basic driver of abiotic and biotic soil properties, also known as important ecosystem engineers in terrestrial soils. Their feeding, damming and casting affects pedogenesis, soil structure, water regulation, bioremediation of toxins, distribution of organic matter and soil structure. E. fetida, an exotic species also known as the red wriggler, has been shown to have wide international potential for converting organic waste into high-value compost useful for plant growth media called vermicomposts. These red worms are active year-round and can tolerate a wide range of temperature and humidity fluctuations. These worms have strong capacity to survive due to its regenerative capacities and this capacity depends on the amputation site, ambient conditions and developmental stages involved. Worm growth patterns in different types of organic wastes have been investigated by various authors in laboratory studies. Animal manure is used as the main substrate for E. fetida. They can easily multiply on a variety of organic wastes in a short generation time and are therefore a standard test organism used in terrestrial ecotoxicology","PeriodicalId":418512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116345471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}