R. Scarth, Mph Craig Zwerling, Mary Q. Lewis Ba, L. Burmeister
{"title":"Depression and Risk Factors Among Iowa Farmers","authors":"R. Scarth, Mph Craig Zwerling, Mary Q. Lewis Ba, L. Burmeister","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N03_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N03_04","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Previous studies have reported high rates of depression and suicide for farmers compared to other occupations. From a representative sample of 390 Iowa farmers in the Iowa Farm Family Health and Hazard Survey, we found that 12.1− of Iowa principal farm operators had depressive symptoms based on a cut-off point of 16 on a standardized questionnaire for depressive symptoms (the CES-D Scale). A weighted multiple logistic regression model yielded the following risk factors for depressive symptoms: had legal problems (adjusted odds ratio = 7.35, 95− confidence interval = 3.09-17.48); not married (3.89, 1.10-13.73); sentimental value loss (2.96, 1.03-8.54);substantial income decline (2.91, 1.67-5.06); and decline in general health assessment compared with the excellent health group [very good and good group (3.39, 0.82-14.06) and fair and poor group (5.41, 1.89-15.43)].","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128289782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strength Test for Pre-ROPS Tractor Axle Housings","authors":"Zhifeng Li, P. Ayers","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N03_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N03_14","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Tractor rollovers are a major cause of farm-related deaths. A rollover protective structure (ROPS) dramatically reduces fatalities during tractor overturns. However, pre-ROPS (before ROPS were available) tractor axle housings were not designed to support the ROPS. This paper presents the strength test investigating pre-ROPS tractor axle housings, evaluating their suitability for accepting reliable ROPS. The factor of safety between longitudinal yield torque of the axle housing and the maximum torque subjected during ASAE S519 longitudinal static test is determined. The relationship between twisting angle and torque of the axle housing is established. The results show that a particular pre-ROPS axle housing can successfully support the ROPS with a safety factor of about two. The test was conducted in accordance to ASAE Standard S519 on a single axle housing.","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125193347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Insurance Incentives for Safe Farms","authors":"S. V. Essen, K. Thu, K. Donham","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N01_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N01_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121764331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ergonomics of Cow Milking in Sweden","authors":"P. Lundqvist, Marianne Stål Rpt, S. Pinzke","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N01_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N01_21","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When milking cows that are kept in stanchion barns, the milker has to use various working postures and movements that involve walking, sitting, rising, squatting, kneeling, stooping, bending, twisting and stretching. They must do this while holding a load of 3-6 kg (cluster, teat cups) in one hand under the cow's udder at a relatively long distance from the body. This is the usual working situation for most farmers and farm workers in Swedish dairy production. Only 5 per cent of the seventeen thousand Swedish dairy farms have any type of loose-housing system with parlor milking, which reduces a lot of the ergonomic stress. An increasing number of the milkers and the relief personnel now working in dairy farming are young women who may have less physical strength than men. Much additional research is needed to obtain the data necessary for the planning of safer and better dairy barns, in which the average man or woman can work. This paper is a review of research conducted over the past 20 years, w...","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127275280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ROPS Design for Pre-ROPS Tractors","authors":"P. Ayers","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N03_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N03_15","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Tractor overturns are the leading cause of agricultural fatalities in the United States. Many of these fatalities could be prevented if the tractor was equipped with a rollover protective structure (ROPS). Of the estimated 4.8 million tractors, 2.8 million are considered pre-ROPS tractors (tractors that were designed prior to ROPS availability).1 This project involves the design, construction and testing of ROPS for pre-ROPS tractors. Testing was successfully conducted with Ford and John Deere pre-ROPS tractors. Current testing involves a Farmall pre-ROPS tractor. The ASAE Standard S519 is utilized for the testing. Static longitudinal (rear), transverse (side) and vertical (top) tests are conducted in addition to field upset testing. Tractors are equipped with remote controls to perform side and rear field upset tests. Axle housing drawings have been obtained from the tractor manufacturer to assist the ROPS and axle mounting design process. Commercialization of the ROPS is in progress with a ROPS ...","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115180647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Proceedings of the Third NIOSH Agricultural Health and Safety Conference","authors":"K. Donham, R. Rautiainen","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N01_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N01_01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115203128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Reynolds, K. Donham, J. Stookesberry, P. Thorne, P. Subramanian, K. Thu, P. Whitten
{"title":"Air Quality Assessments in the Vicinity of Swine Production Facilities","authors":"S. Reynolds, K. Donham, J. Stookesberry, P. Thorne, P. Subramanian, K. Thu, P. Whitten","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N01_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N01_06","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With the transition to increasingly larger swine production facilities, nearby residents have voiced concerns about environmental contamination, odor, and adverse health effects. The goal of this study was to evaluate outdoor airborne concentrations of ammonia, dust, and endotoxin in the environment near four types of swine production facilities and one control farm with no livestock. Dust and endotoxin were detected at a distance of 60 meters outside of facilities but generally, concentrations were below limits of accu-rate detection. The mean (and standard deviation) for outdoor am-monia concentrations were: 0.251 (0.064) ppm-large confinement; 0.086 (0.091) ppm-medium confinement; 0.214 (0.160) ppm-small confinement; 0.139 (0.188) ppm-small conventional; less than 0.004 ppm-control farm. While the airborne concentrations of ammonia measured outside the production facilities were below current oc-cupational health standards, it is possible that ammonia could be a physical irritant in combinatio...","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"30 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116219669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Steps in Meeting the Needs of Kentucky's Migrant Farmworkers","authors":"K. Luchok, Gilbert Rosenberg Ms","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N03_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N03_24","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Hispanic migrant farmworkers have only recently become a part of Kentucky's farm labor force. Previously, small farms in the state relied on family members and neighbors to harvest crops, especially tobacco. However, as these numbers of local workers have diminished, more small farmers are hiring Hispanic farmworkers. From 1992 to 1995, there was a 40− increase in the number of Hispanic migrant farmworkers in Kentucky, bringing population estimates to between 6000 and 8000; increases are projected into the foreseeable future. This paper describes one of the first steps taken to address the health and social needs of migrant farmworkers in Ken-tucky. The Migrant Network Coalition is a group of individuals rep-resenting over 30 agencies in Central Kentucky that deal with mi-grant farmworkers. In an effort to inform the broader community about the special needs of migrant farmworkers, the Coalition hosted the first statewide conference on migrant issues in Kentucky. The conference attracted over 120 ...","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128628687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Selim, Alex M. Juchems Ms, Cih William Popendorf
{"title":"Potential Predictors of Airborne Concentrations of Aflatoxin B1","authors":"M. Selim, Alex M. Juchems Ms, Cih William Popendorf","doi":"10.1300/J096V04N01_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J096V04N01_11","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A combination of traditional and new supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) methods were used for the analysis of aflatox-in B1 in grain dust collected during field harvesting, grain unloading, bin clean out, and animal feeding operations. Bulk corn samples were also collected for comparison of their aflatoxin B1 with the airborne concentrations. The highest airborne concentration of aflatoxin B1 found in dust collected during harvest and grain unloading were 67 and 92 ng/m3, respectively. Higher levels of aflatoxin B1 were found in the airborne dust samples collected from enclosed animal feeding buildings (421 ng/m3) and during bin clean out (4,849 ng/m3). Aflatoxin B1 up to 5,100 ppb were detected in settled dust collected from enclosed animal feeding buildings. The data demonstrate that farmers and farm workers may be exposed to potentially hazardous concentrations of aflatoxin B1, particularly during grain bin clean out and animal feeding in enclosed buildings.","PeriodicalId":417302,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125431375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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