Cardiometry最新文献

{"title":"Features of the first-year students’ lifestyle at the faculty of medicine: an observational study","authors":"Darina A. Yahagoeva, Darina A. Zhurtova, I.S. Khagabanova, Elvira K. Appaeva","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.211220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.211220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Our analysis of studies of the lifestyle of medical students has shown that the students keep an unhealthy lifestyle with some differences in their lifestyle components, regions, and course of university study. Therefore, it is of scientific and practical interest to identify and analyze some factors which influence the formation of a healthy lifestyle for future medical doctors. The aim of the study is to investigate the lifestyle characteristics of the first-year students at the Faculty of Medicine and identify some key predictors of an unhealthy lifestyle. Methods. An observational cross-sectional study of the first-year students of the Medical Faculty at the Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after I.I. HM. Berbekov was conducted. The selection of units of the observation was carried out by the nesting method while maintaining the proportion characteristic of the general population. The sample set reflected the properties of the general population both quantitatively and qualitatively. The study included an anonymous survey using a specially designed questionnaire containing 80 questions to study socio-demographic characteristics that make up lifestyle (physical activity, daily routine, diet schedule and diet composition, the presence of bad habits), well-being, attention to one’s own health, using online Google Forms Designer. Results. More than half of the students surveyed (51.6%) consider their lifestyle not fully consistent with the principles of a healthy lifestyle. Herewith, 75.4% of the students did not adhere to the proper diet, 72.1% of them did not follow the daily scheduled routine, 24.9% of them slept less than 6 hours at night, 20.4% of the students did not engage in any type of physical activity. The number of smoking students was 8.9%, those drinking alcohol was recorded to reach 9.7%. Using the method of multiple logistic regression analysis for predicting lifestyle changes, the key predictors of an unhealthy lifestyle were identified as follows: the presence of bad habits, the number of cigarettes smoked and an unhealthy diet. Conclusion. The completed study made it possible to reveal the characteristics of the lifestyle of the first-year students of the Faculty of Medicine, identify significant predictors of an unhealthy lifestyle, and produce a social profile of a first-year student at the Faculty of Medicine. The results obtained by us can be used to adapt the curricula of the Medical Faculty for the formation of a healthy lifestyle among the students.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48233952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of coping strategies on the outcome of surgical treatment of patients with prosoplegia","authors":"D. Gulyaev, T. A. Kaurova, I. Kurnosov, K. Chizhova, I. Yakovenko","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.164170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.164170","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to evaluate the impact of coping strategies on the outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with prosoplegia. Material and methods: the analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 50 patients with prosoplegia that developed after removal of tumors of the posterior part of the skull, the lateral part of the skull base, and the parotid-masticatory region involved in reconstructive interventions on the facial nerve was performed. At the preoperative stage a clinical examination of patients was performed according to the House-Brackmann scale, Sunnybrook Facial Grading System (SFGS) scale, and a neurophysiological study was performed. A survey was carried out with the use of the Heim’s questionnaire, WCQ (version by Lazarus), CSI as an indicator of coping strategies before surgery and the Aaron Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC). Outcomes were evaluated according to the Johnny Chuieng–Yi Lu subjective scale “Satisfaction with surgical treatment”. Results: all patients from 6 to 10 months after surgery showed signs of muscle recovery, which in the majority (88%, n=44) was accompanied by an improvement in their condition. In 12% of cases (n=6) there were no positive dynamics, which caused unsatisfactory results of treatment. Such painful conditions are often interrupted or recommendations for self-rehabilitation are not followed. The above-described predominance of maladaptive coping strategies in patients with unsatisfactory initial operations is reliable. Adaptive treatment strategies were better developed in patients with favorable treatment outcomes. A high direct correlation was established between the outcomes of treatment, assessed by the Johnny Chuieng–Yi Lu scales, SGFS and SOC coherence scale, Conclusion: Systemic complex rehabilitation and self-rehabilitation have a significant impact on treatment outcomes. Prosoplegia leads to a violation of facial and emotional expression, causing social maladjustment and depressive disorders, minimizing the effects of reinnervation in combination with negative coping strategies. As a result, full-fledged surgical treatment of the facial muscles is currently a very difficult and sometimes insurmountable task.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67692876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The problem of bleeding in the postpartum period","authors":"T. Onbysh, Anastasia V. Malukha, Ekaterina A. Ponomareva, Tatiana, E., Onbysh, Anastasia, V., Malukha, Ekaterina, A., Ponomareva","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.229232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.229232","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problem of bleeding in the postpartum period that remains one of the main causes of maternal mortality worldwide. The article discusses the main causes of bleeding in the postpartum period, symptoms, as well as the main methods of treatment. The article also presents methods for preventing bleeding in the postpartum period. The final part of the article is dedicated to the importance of regular medical examinations and observation of all the recommendations of medical doctors to prevent bleeding in the postpartum period.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45300392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the basilar artery system in the human embryonic period","authors":"A. V. Gorbunov, M. G. Kalugina","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.142149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.142149","url":null,"abstract":"The doctrine of the origin and development of cerebral arteries in the embryonic period of man in the XIX – XXI centuries was formed by I. Tandler (1899, 1902), H. Evans (1911), G.L. Streeter (1908, 1918), G.D. Aronovich (1939), D.N. Padget (1947 – 1972), N.V. Popova-Latkina (1954 – 1975), Y.N. Shapovalov (1963), A.G. Knorre (1967), I. Stanek (1977), B. Carlson (1983), A.V. Gorbunov (1998 – 2022), etc. To date, we have shown that basilar arteries are detected in embryos at 7 weeks of intrauterine development, posterior cerebral arteries with plexiform branching – at 8 weeks of intrauterine life, and persistent trigeminal arteries continue to be detected in prenatal embryos at 8-9 weeks of human prenatal ontogenesis. In prenatal embryos 7-8-9 weeks of prenatal ontogenesis, the basilar artery system provides the needs of the human intrauterine brain.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45988856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein system of bacillus anthracis antigens","authors":"Aleksandr V. Tsekhomsky, Angelina S. Balchevskaya, Kuban","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.8085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.8085","url":null,"abstract":"In our research work, we have considered the structures of some anthrax antigens, their design and functions, as well as the genetic apparatus encoding them. The study is of interest to those practicing microbiologists and researchers whose area of interest includes knowledge of the regulation of infection processes and subsequent transformations of Bacillus anthracis spores in the host organism. Pathways for the expression of B. anthracis pathogenic genes, the factors influencing them, as well as ways to use patterns in gene expression to increase the immunization in experimental animals by combining various experimental vaccines, which are currently used in preventive practice in different countries of the world and in particular in the Russian Federation, are considered in detail herein. In addition, the article may be of interest to scientists and researchers conducting research in the field of creating new immunizing agents based either on the anthrax genome or some parts thereof.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47653816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trigeminy electrocardiogram spectral characteristics study","authors":"S. Proskurin, Tambov","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.7679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.7679","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a study in which the method of ECG decomposition in the time domain (DMTD) was applied, followed by a spectral analysis. A digital signal with trigeminy of the first lead of a standard electrocardiograph was processed. Using digital filtering in time domain, the electrocardiogram (ECG) was cleared of noise, what results the reduction of spurious components by 10-20%. To represent and classify the frequency characteristics throughout the entire processed cardiac signal, the QRS complexes were removed, P and T waves were left unchanged. Due to considerable influence on the spectral analysis sharp peaks of the ECG signal with small characteristic times of the leading and trailing edges, the obtained result differs considerably from the sum of the harmonic components of the smooth part of the signal. The spectral processing reveals peaks at multiple frequencies, 1.6 Hz, 3.2 Hz, 4.7 Hz, corresponding to a smooth function of P and T waves before the appearance of extra systoles. Based on the obtained data, the frequencies corresponding to the peaks of the cardiogram with a stable sinus rhythm were identified. The acquired data represent regular harmonics, which allow adequate quantitative ECG analysis.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47666761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To study about the relation between oxygen delivery and hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary bypass","authors":"Dr Ashwanth P Reddy, R. Sunitha, D. P. Thangavel, Dr. J. Ramkumar, S. Miller","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.200210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.200210","url":null,"abstract":"The study put forth the relation between oxygen delivery and hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary bypass. The study was performed on 26 patients of either sex have age > 10 years and who underwent elective open-heart surgery from June 2017 – May 2018 in Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute. The patients with valvular heart diseases associated with other cardiac lesions like Intra cardiac shunts (ASD, VSD etc.) and Coronary artery disease (CABG) are excluded in the study. It examined the relationships among VO2, hemodynamics & DO2 during clinical perfusion, namely throughout moderately hypothermic CPB using a non-pulsatile roller pump while managing the alpha-stat acid-base with adults. The results revealed a linear relationship between VO2 and DO2, demonstrating that higher levels of delivery can perfuse and collect additional vascular beds throughout the CPB. Under bodily tissue perfusion, higher deliveries are advised to be avoided. The oxygen demand decreases by 7% for every 1OC decline in patient temperature.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44646785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the functional activity of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis in rats of both sexes with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of hypothyroidism","authors":"O. Kit, E. Frantsiyants, V. Bandovkina, I. Kaplieva, E. Surikova, I. Neskubina, N. Cheryarina, L. Trepitaki, Y. Pogorelova, I. Goroshinskaya, G. Zhukova, A. Arakelova, L. Vaschenko, V. Kovalenko, O. V. Bykadorova, A.S. Kuligina","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.4046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.4046","url":null,"abstract":"The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) makes the body’s response to various stress factors, interacting with the thyroid and gonadal axis. The aim of our work was to study the effect by induced hypothyroidism on changes in the functioning of the HPA axis in rats with Guerin’s carcinoma of both sexes. Materials and methods. The experiment was performed in white outbred rats of both sexes. Hypothyroidism was induced in animals by medication for 30 days with Mercazolil, and then Guerin’s carcinoma was transplanted (the main group). The reference groups covered animals with the independent growth of Guerin’s carcinoma and with independent hypothyroidism, as well as intact animals (the normal conditions). On day 18 of the tumor growth, the animals were sacrificed, and, using standard ELISA kits, in the serum and the homogenates of the adrenal glands, the tumor and the perifocal zone, the level of cortisol was determined; in the homogenates of the hypothalamus we measured the concentration of CT-releasing hormone (CRH) and in the pituitary gland the concentration of ACTH. Results. Induced hypothyroidism both in males and females caused adrenal insufficiency. The growth of Guerin’s carcinoma increased the level of CT-releasing hormone in males by 9.6 times and cortisol in the adrenal glands in females and males by 1.3 times and 2.3 times (p<0.05), respectively. In the main group females and males we revealed a decrease in the level of CT-releasing hormone of the hypothalamus by an average of 1.4 times, ACTH in the pituitary gland by 1.5-1.8 times, but an increase in the cortisol concentration in blood and the adrenal glands only in males by an average of 1.5 times (p˂0.05). Only in males of the main group in the tumor and its perifocal zone, the content of cortisol increased by 5.9 times and 1.6 times (р˂0.05), respectively. Conclusion. The HPA axis has a gender-specific response to the growth of a malignant tumor, both in its independent growth variant and against the background of hypothyroidism, which in its independent variant causes adrenal insufficiency.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43215085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the use of regional anesthesia in the surgical correction of traumatic defects of the bones of the skull and spine reconstructive plastic surgery","authors":"A.A. Daniliyants, F.R. Botasheva, M. Daurova, E.S. Sibirkina, K.L. Tohiyan, I.Z. Mustafaev, U.D. Begereev, D.M. Idrisova","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.126133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.126133","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the features of the use of regional anesthesia in the surgical correction of traumatic defects of the skull bones and reconstructive plastic surgery. Regional anesthesia is a safe and effective method of anesthesia, which reduces the risk of complications and speeds up the recovery process after surgery. The authors describe in detail various types of regional anesthesia, such as facial nerve blockade, blockage of the frontal branch of the trigeminal nerve, etc. The paper also discusses indications and contraindications to the use of regional anesthesia, as well as possible complications. In conclusion, it is noted that regional anesthesia is an important element in surgical practice during operations for the operative correction of traumatic defects of the skull bones and reconstructive plastic surgery. Keywords Regional anesthesia, Surgical correction, Traumatic defects of the skull bones, Reconstructive plastic surgery.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49610850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal regulatory axis in growth of melanoma В16/F10 in С57/BL6 mice","authors":"O. Kit, V. Bandovkina, E. Frantsiyants, I. Kaplieva, N. Cheryarina, V. Pozdnyakova, L. K. Trepitaki, Y. Pogorelova, S. Kachesova, M. Gusareva, E. Bosenko, Lyudmila P. Kuchkina, Natalia S. Saforiyn, Marina S. Kuznetsova, Irina, V. Kaplieva, Lídia, K. Trepitaki, P. Kachesova, A. Marina, Gusareva, Natalia, S. Saforiyn","doi":"10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.4753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.27.4753","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to study the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) regulatory axis and its dermal analogue in C57BL/6 mice of both sexes with the growth of B16/F10 grafted melanoma. The studies were carried out in mice of both sexes of the C57BL/6 line, which were transplanted with B16/F10 melanoma by subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml of a suspension of tumor tissue. In intact animals and in the animals 14 days after the tumor inoculation, the levels of gonadal releasing hormone (GnRH), LH and FSH, and estradiol (E2), total testosterone (T) and free testosterone (Tfr), progesterone (P4), as well as ERα and ERβ estrogen receptors, progesterone receptor (RP4) and androgen receptor (RA) were determined. Results. In the males, compared with the females, after melanoma transplantation, the latent period and average life spans were shorter, while their tumor volumes were larger. A 2.1-fold decrease in GnRH in the hypothalamus in males led to a 2.7- fold increase in the level of LH in the pituitary gland, while in females a 1.4-fold (p<0.05) increase in GnRH promoted an increase in LH and FSH in the pituitary gland by 3.4-2.7 times. The blood serum did not adequately reflect changes in hormones in the central and peripheral links. In females, only in their tumor samples, an increased content of GnRH, LH, FSH and sex hormone receptors was revealed, while in males, the level of regulatory peptides and some receptors also increased in the skin. The change in the activity of the HPG axis in the logarithmic phase of the growth of B16/F10 grafted melanoma had its gender specifics and was characterized by a disorder in the direct and reverse feedback loops. Melanoma contained in an increased amount of all the regulatory peptides, hormones and receptors of the HPG axis, which allowed it to provide autonomous regulation of its own growth.","PeriodicalId":41726,"journal":{"name":"Cardiometry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41493605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}