Hirotaka Nonaka, H. Terada, A. Shimase, Junya Suzuki, A. Nakamura
{"title":"Cooling System for High Performance Device Analysis","authors":"Hirotaka Nonaka, H. Terada, A. Shimase, Junya Suzuki, A. Nakamura","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022p0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022p0058","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Certain device failures are especially difficult to analyze since they can only be reproduced under high speed and high power conditions, while also requiring the removal of standard heat dissipating packaging to get visual access to the chip. In addition to the challenge of heat generation density of devices increasing year by year, small hot spots in actual usage generate heat far in excess of the average, and heat dissipation performance needs to be more efficient and highly uniform. In addition, it is desirable to implement a cooling system that does not overly restrict the number and types of lenses that can be used, such as high and low magnification air gap lenses as well as a solid-immersion lens, which has been one of the challenges of existing systems. This paper reports on the development of a cooling system to address these challenges and to enable failure analysis on a device running at 200 W.","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123495324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Rafid Muttaki, Brian T Barker, M. Tehranipoor, Farimah Farahmandi
{"title":"FTC—A Universal Low-Overhead Fault Injection Attack Detection Solution","authors":"Md Rafid Muttaki, Brian T Barker, M. Tehranipoor, Farimah Farahmandi","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022p0386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022p0386","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fault Injection Attacks (FIAs) have become prolific and effective methods of violating the integrity and confidentiality of integrated circuits and electronic systems. FIAs can be accomplished using clock-glitch, voltage glitch, laser, optical instruments, and electromagnetic (EM) emanation. One promising solution to detect FIAs is to use on-chip sensors to capture the attacks’ impact. However, the variety of FIAs has led to numerous custom-designed sensors for each of them, challenging the feasibility of the implementation and introducing a large overhead. This paper proposes developing a universal Fault-to-Time Converter (FTC) sensor that can effectively detect all the aforementioned FIAs while requiring minimal overhead. The FTC sensor converts the effects of faults injected by an FIA method into “time” that is measurable. Then, the “time” difference can be analyzed further to identify whether an attack has been carried out successfully. The sensor design can be easily implemented in both FPGA and ASIC platforms. Our FTC sensor implementation in FPGA platforms demonstrates that the design can effectively differentiate various FIA attack scenarios with its encoded output. The FTC sensor can also be extended to cover other fault attacks that have a similar impact on the victim device (i.e., affecting circuit timing).","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130398589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Scanning Probe Microscopy Methods for Failure Analysis","authors":"P. De Wolf","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpm1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpm1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This presentation provides an introduction to atomic force microscopy (AFM) and its many uses in semiconductor failure analysis. It provides examples showing how AFM is used to obtain information on electric fields, surface potential, current, resistance, capacitance, impedance, carrier concentration, mechanical contact (height and energy dissipation), temperature, and composition. It also addresses a number of related issues including the use of external stimuli, sample preparation requirements, and probe tip selection.","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126553839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical Inspection for Hardware Assurance","authors":"N. Asadizanjani","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpp1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpp1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This presentation addresses the issue of counterfeiting in the semiconductor industry. It begins with a review of the global supply chain and the various forms of counterfeiting taking place. It then identifies assets that require tamper protection and the types of attacks to which they are prone. It also presents several approaches for physical inspection and assurance at the IC and system level.","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125005199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Nowakowski, J. Liu, M. Boccabella, M. Ray, P. Fischione
{"title":"An Innovative Technique for Large-Scale Delayering of Semiconductor Devices with Nanometric-Scale Surface Flatness","authors":"P. Nowakowski, J. Liu, M. Boccabella, M. Ray, P. Fischione","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022p0414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022p0414","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a fully integrated solution for millimeter-scale delayering of both logic and memory semiconductor devices. The flatness of the delayered device is controlled by an artificial intelligence algorithm, which uses feedback from multiple analytical detectors to control milling parameter adjustments in real time. The result is the precise removal of device layers and a highly planar surface.","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121797607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Defect Localization by Lock-In-Thermography","authors":"S. Brand","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpe1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpe1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This presentation provides an overview of lock-in thermography and its application in semiconductor failure analysis. It begins with a review of direct thermal imaging, IR transmission and detection, and the fundamentals of lock-in measurements. It compares and contrasts steady-state IR imaging with lock-in thermography and shows how lock-in frequency and the shape of the excitation signal can be varied to increase signal-to-noise ratio and reduce acquisition time, thereby exposing a wider range of defects. It also presents several case studies in which lock-in thermography is used to diagnose shorts and hot spots in packaged devices, electronic systems, and 3D assemblies.","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131384926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Asadizanjani, S. Shahbazmohamadi, M. Tehranipoor, Domenic Forte
{"title":"Non-Destructive PCB Reverse Engineering Using X-Ray Micro Computed Tomography","authors":"N. Asadizanjani, S. Shahbazmohamadi, M. Tehranipoor, Domenic Forte","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2015p0164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2015p0164","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Reverse engineering of electronics systems is performed for various reasons ranging from honest ones such as failure analysis, fault isolation, trustworthiness verification, obsolescence management, etc. to dishonest ones such as cloning, counterfeiting, identification of vulnerabilities, development of attacks, etc. Regardless of the goal, it is imperative that the research community understands the requirements, complexities, and limitations of reverse engineering. Until recently, the reverse engineering was considered as destructive, time consuming, and prohibitively expensive, thereby restricting its application to a few remote cases. However, the advents of advanced characterization and imaging tools and software have counteracted this point of view. In this paper, we show how X-ray micro-tomography imaging can be combined with advanced 3D image processing and analysis to facilitate the automation of reverse engineering, and thereby lowering the associated time and cost. In this paper, we demonstrate our proposed process on two different printed circuit boards (PCBs). The first PCB is a four-layer custom designed board while the latter is a more complex commercial system. Lessons learned from this effort can be used to both develop advanced countermeasures and establish a more efficient workflow for instances where reverse engineering is deemed necessary. Keywords: Printed circuit boards, non-destructive imaging, X-ray tomography, reverse engineering.","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122254299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"X-Ray and SAM—Challenges for IC Package Inspection","authors":"T. M. Moore","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpq1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2022tpq1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This presentation covers the challenges associated with IC package inspection and shows how two nondestructive techniques, scanning acoustic microscopy and X-ray imaging, are being used to locate and identify a wide range of defects, particularly those in 3D packages and multilayer boards. It reviews the basic principles of scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), X-ray imaging, and 3D X-ray tomography and the factors that affect image resolution and depth. It demonstrates the current capabilities of each method along with different approaches for improving resolution, contrast, and measurement time.","PeriodicalId":417175,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114133615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}