Measuring Equipment and Metrology最新文献

{"title":"NEW APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE NEED OF MEASURING EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION","authors":"Ihor Pototskiy, S. Enterprise, scientific, Consumer Protection","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.060","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the unity and metrological traceability of measurement results becomes the key component necessary to reach market confidence in the results of calibrations, tests or measurements. Important aspect of maintaining the ability of the laboratory to receive metrological traceability and reliable measurement results is to determine the maximum permissible period between two calibrations of the standards and measuring instruments that provides the acceptable accuracy of measurements during their operation. Each test or calibration laboratory that aspires to comply the requirements DSTU ISO/IEC 17025 should establish calibration interval for current standards and equipment and/or introduce criteria for determining the necessity of calibrations. Substantiated solution of the mentioned problem is this paper issue. To provide the metrological traceability of measurement results, the developed method of establishing the necessity of time intervals of standards and other measuring instruments calibrations is elaborated below. The development implies the conjugated consideration of Shewhart control charts and statistical processing time series instrument, namely, the movable averages. Example of implementing the movable averages is considered for solving the particular tasks. Application of several movable averages of the same type or the different types, with the same or different parameters of smoothing, their intersection (or lack thereof) and forecasting instruments (modeling, extrapolation, etc.) may be the basis of a method which would allow to substantiate the development of criteria for determining the need for calibration standards and measuring instruments, or to change already established calibration intervals. It is revealed that the application of Shewhart control charts with the drawing of movable average lines on them, under certain conditions, can provide timely signals about the necessity to conduct calibration of the standards and measuring instruments used by the laboratories. Proposed approach allows create the forecasting instrument convenient for the test and calibration laboratories.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127206318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRICITY ACCOUNT DATA","authors":"O. Kotsar","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.042","url":null,"abstract":"Анотація. Управління даними обліку електроенергії передбачає послідовне перетворення результатів вимірювань на дані комерційного обліку, зокрема агреговані, їхню верифікацію та валідацію у встановленому порядку з метою інформаційного забезпечення розрахунків за електричну енергію та завдань управління попитом. Комплексне забезпечення точності, повноти, цілісності, достовірності та актуальності даних комерційного обліку потребує системного підходу, який ґрунтується на класифікації даних обліку, зокрема, за належністю, походженням, станом оброблення, ступенем автоматизації тощо. Досліджено порядок та стадії формування даних обліку електроенергії, визначено і систематизовано класифікаційні ознаки та розроблено систему класифікації даних обліку електричної енергії. Результати досліджень застосовано під час формування ознак якості (достовірності) даних обліку, а також розроблення (вдосконалення) методів верифікації та валідації даних обліку, зокрема в умовах лібералізації ринку електричної енергії України. Ключові слова: АСКОЕ, дані обліку, достовірність, класифікація, ринок електричної енергії.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125206733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS PARAMETERS IN EQUATIONS OF DIAMETER PLANTS GROWTH OF CONCORTIUMS OF PROTECTED TYPE ECOTONS","authors":"A. Obshta, M. Ruda, I. Soroka","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.064","url":null,"abstract":"OPTIMIZATION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS PARAMETERS IN EQUATIONS OF DIAMETER PLANTS GROWTH OF CONCORTIUMS OF PROTECTED TYPE ECOTONS Обшта А. Ф, д.т.н. проф. кафедра обчислювальної математика та програмування, Національний університет «Львівська політехніка», Україна; e-mail: obshta2002@gmail.com Руда М. В., асис. кафедра eкологічної безпеки та природоохоронної діяльності, Національний університет «Львівська політехніка», Україна Сорока І.Й., ст. викл. кафедра технологій управління, Національний університет «Львівська політехніка», Україна Anatoly Obshta, M. Ruda, I. Soroka Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"661 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115122676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS MONITORING SYSTEM AND FUEL RESOURCES ENERGY CONSUMPTION","authors":"V. Druzyuk, T. Bubela, O. Kostyuk","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.029","url":null,"abstract":"Strengthening the legislative and international requirements for environmental protection and the need to optimize the energy consumption in the gas transportation system of Ukraine, requires the comprehensive monitoring of the environment as well as the lowering the energy consumption of Ukrainian gas transportation production facilities. In particular, JSC \"Ukrtransgas\", 2001 has started the works in introduction an integrated management system based on a combination of environmental management system ISO 14001 and energy management systems ISO 50001. The development of unified approach on integration of the ecological and energy management systems is so urgent that the company has developed and approved strategy, which goals are the improvement of environmental and energy efficiency. Within the framework of integrated management system, the complex work with the set of several international standards is developed and implemented forming the certain system. The latter means a part of overall management system that meets the requirements of two or more standards which proceed simultaneously as a single entity. Currently the essence of combining and integrating the system of energy and ecological management ISO 50001: 2011 and ISO 14001: 2015 allows define the ways of optimal fuel and energy resources (natural gas) usage, reduce their environmental impact, determine the energetic and environmental risks system. Despite the mentioned significant achievements in the field of integration of ecological and energy management systems, the comprehensive approach to environmental monitoring and energy consumption at Ukrtransgas JSC systems is absent: there exists only an approach for planning and implementing the planned indicators, verification (internal audit) and possibilities to improve the planned activities as well as initial analysis of financial indicators of energy consumption and environmental expenditures. Ключові слова Енергетичний менеджмент, Базова лінія енергоспоживання, Моніторинг довкілля, Інтегрована система менеджменту.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123969528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METROLOGICAL RELIABILITY OF THERMOELECRIC NANOSENSOR OF QUANTUM TEMPERATURE STANDARD","authors":"B. Stadnyk, S. Yatsyshyn, M. Mykyychuk, Yaroslav Lutsyk, Pylyp Skoropad, T. Fröhlich","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.020","url":null,"abstract":"While studying the physical foundations of the temperature standard, we obtained a quantum unit of temperature as the value of the temperature jump when one electron-phonon scattering per unit time. We expressed it in terms of the ratio of fundamental physical constants h/kB; it is equal to 3.199 493 42 ∙ 10-11 K with a relative standard uncertainty of 59.2 ∙ 10-8. The investigated quantum standard is recommended for use as an \"intrinsic standard\", which does not require continuously repeated measurements (to check its accuracy) in relation to the current unit of temperature. The possibility of the introduction of standard quantum temperature requires paying significant attention to the I (current) T (temperature) converting element as unique electronic device that is subject to significant stress during operation. Considering its nanosized dimensions, since this element is made on the basis of CNTFET by transforming it into a nanosized thermocouple (source and drain) with a superconducting CNT gate as the thermocouple junction, we foresee particularly stringent requirements for this element. The solution to this problem can be accomplished with help of elastic stress engineering, which has previously been successfully applied to scale the manufacturing processes of multigated complementary FETs. The technology of the I T converting element of the quantum temperature standard is complicated and provided by the Cu coating (or another similar metallization) of the nanotube free ends. The negative influence of defects in the production of I T elements, in particular electrodes of the thermoelectric nanosensor, on the quality of subsequent operations can be significant. As result, the metrological characteristics of nanosensor (drift of thermo-EMF, impact of deformation, number of operation cycles etc.) become enough unpredictable. On the basis of nanothermodynamics and elastic stress engineering we have studied the number of impact factors on thermoelectric nanosensor performance, trying to provide the reliable operation of the I T converting element of the quantum temperature standard. At the same time, there were fulfilled a number of studies of metals, alloys, and metal glasses in various temperature-mechanical and thermodynamic modes.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131174120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE MEASUREMENT QUALITY INDEXES","authors":"V. Motalo, A. Chereshnevska","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.035","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the main problems of methodology of the measurement quality evaluation in the context of introduction into metrological practice of the International Dictionary of Metrology VIM 3. The generalized definition of the notion of measurement quality is given. A separate analysis of measurement quality indexes as a process and quality indexes of measurement result as a product of this process is carried out. The analysis and systematization of the functional quality indexes and quality indexes of the efficiency of the measurement process and the measurement result are performed. The recommendations for the development of the measurement quality methodology evaluation as one of the tasks of ensuring the uniformity of measurement are work out. Анотація У статті розглядаються основні проблеми методології оцінювання якості вимірювань у контексті із впровадженням у метрологічну практику Міжнародного словника метрології VIM 3. Наведено узагальнене означення поняття “якість вимірювання” ступінь, до якого сукупність характеристик вимірювання (засобів вимірювань, методу і методики вимірювань, умов вимірювання і стану єдності вимірювань), задовольняють вимоги вимірювальної задачі щодо точності вимірювання, техніки безпеки, екологічних та інших чинників. Розглянута номенклатура показників якості вимірювань, яка у сучасній метрології не є остаточно встановленою і постійно змінюється та модернізується. Обгрунтовано доцільність роздільного аналізу показників якості вимірювання як процесу і показників якості результату вимірювання як продукту цього процесу. У статті здійснено аналіз і систематизацію показників, які, на думку авторів, найповніше характеризують якість вимірювань. Зокрема, це функціональні показники якості та показники ефективності процесу вимірювання та результату вимірювання, які розділені на дві групи. До першої групи віднесені показники, які характеризують якість процесу вимірювання загалом, а саме точність, правильність, прецизійність, повторюваність і відтворюваність вимірювань. До другої групи віднесені показники, які характеризують якість результатів вимірювань, а саме метрологічна простежуваність, метрологічна порівнянність, метрологічна сумісність і достовірність результатів вимірювань. Вироблено рекомендації щодо методології ефективного оцінювання якості вимірювань як одної із задач забезпечення єдності вимірювань.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130214746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODEL OF TECHNOLOGICAL RECOVERY OF COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT DURING THE USE OF ITS INTEGRATED REDUNDANCY FOR REMOTED SUPPLY BASES","authors":"Y. Ryzhov, L. Sakovych, O. Khodych","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.077","url":null,"abstract":"The communication system develops in the direction of improvement of communication quality indicators, causing the corresponding complication of products that is not conjugated with the improvement of their reliability. Despite the successes of the technical diagnostics, the correlation between the duration of defect localization and the elimination of the failure (for diagnostics it takes up to 80% of the average recovery time) is observed. Provision the necessary time of restoring the working capacity of communications during their maintenance, ongoing repair and elimination of faulty damage are complicated by the limited forces and means for remote supply bases. The urgency of improving diagnostic support is increased due to the complexity of circuitry of communication technology. The model of the process of determining the technical condition and the restoration of communication technology, which takes into account the specific features of constructive and circuit construction, is proposed. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the complex influence of all types of communication technology redundancy on values of their restoration parameters as well as reliability of measuring instruments are taken into account for the first time. Model differs from the known ones since complex approach permits to consider not only the conditions of recovery, but all types of redundancy, inherent in communication technology. We have assessed the quality indicators of diagnostic support that include the probability of correct diagnosis and mathematical expectation of the rejection of the diagnosis from the true value if there exist the specialist error in evaluating the test results. We have also considered the real assumptions and limitations while repairing the mentioned means, expansion of algorithms of single and group defects search.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129327679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYNTHESIS OF MULTI-HARMONICH MEASURING SIGNAL WITH AN ARBITRARY NUMBER OF FLIP POINTS","authors":"S. Herasimov, O. Daki, M. Yakovlev","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.073","url":null,"abstract":"Application of multi-harmonic measuring signals for control of the technical state of dynamic objects is considered. Implementation of the traditional approach to the evaluation of the amplitudefrequency spectrum characteristics of dynamic objects, based on the application of generators of sinusoidal signal, requires a considerable complexity of measurements. It is necessary to set sequentially the control frequency of the object, technical state of which is monitored. Elimination of this shortcoming can be performed by application of multi-harmonic measuring signals. It is proved that the multi-harmonic signals with complex law of modulation of pulse duration possess the greatest functional capabilities for controlling the spectral composition, when the obtaining the necessary spectrum of the signal is achieved by changing the moments of switching its levels. The purpose of the paper is to obtain an analytical relation that binds the spectrum of the amplitudes of the harmonic components of a multi-harmonic measuring signal with a set of its switching moments. The methodology of synthesis of multi-harmonic measuring signals parameters is proposed. Quadrature formulas are obtained for determining the amplitude spectrum of a multiharmonic signal with arbitrary law of modulating its pulses duration. In order to generalize the resulting equations, we have proposed an universal formula for computing the lower limit of the summation index for even or odd number of switch points. The article presents and solves the problem of finding an analytical apparatus that binds the characteristics of the amplitude-frequency spectrum of a multi-harmonic signal inherent in an arbitrary law of pulse duration modulation, with a set of values of switching points. The final equation for computing the amplitude of a multiharmonic measuring signal is obtained. The forms of multi-harmonic signal with an even and an odd number of switching points are given. Ключові слова Полігармонійний вимірювальний сигнал, спектральний склад, точки перемикання","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128121205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPLEX OF TECHNICAL FACILITIES FOR THE NATURAL GAS HEAT COMBUSTION DETERMINATION","authors":"I. Petryshyn, O. Baş, L. Prysyazhnyuk","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"Article is devoted to the issue of selecting a gas representative sample directly of consumer (from low-pressure gas pipelines) as well as conducting representative studies of the natural gas heat combustion by using a direct method with gas calorimeter. Article describes the disadvantages of chromatographic method for determining the heat of gas combustion and indicates the necessity of developing a gas calorimeter. Development of a sampler on the basis of a typical cylinder with the using pneumatic drive of various configurations is proposed. Lack of existing samplers is proved. Consideration is related to the displacement of the gas sample taken with help of excessive air pressure. The latter can significantly change the value of the heat of gas combustion. of gas pipelines and the calorimetric column, in which the sampling gas is burned directly and the combustion heat is sequentially determined. Mentioned cylinder - dispenser can be used in the mode of the piston sampler, and in the setting mode - dispenser, the metering device of the volumetric flow rate of natural gas. To select the gas sample, a method of using the cylinder - the dispenser is developed. While determination of the gas amount is performed, application of the pulse interpolation procedure aiming accuracy enhancement is proposed. For representative research, the heat of natural gas combustion is measured by direct measurement: application of calorimeter with the direct burning of natural gas and the complex of technical means for carrying out selection, injection, transportation, etc.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130769640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROVIDING QUALITY OF CLINICAL-DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY ACTIVITY","authors":"I. Sydorko, R. Baitsar","doi":"10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/ISTCMTM2018.02.053","url":null,"abstract":"Розглянуто актуальні питання управління якістю медичних послуг і втілення їх в практичну діяльність.\u0000Серйозні проблеми, пов’язані із якістю результатів досліджень, створює багато об’єктивних і суб’єктивних чинників.\u0000Для усунення проблемних чинників розпочато розроблення національних стандартів у галузі лабораторної медицини з\u0000використанням міжнародного досвіду розроблення стандартів, що регламентують вимоги до організації діяльності\u0000клініко-дігностичних лабораторій та засобів лабораторного аналізу. Гострою проблемою лабораторних досліджень є\u0000забезпечення точності результатів. У Європейському співтоваристві давно існують вимоги щодо забезпечення\u0000метрологічної простежуваності калібраторів і контрольних матеріалів та метрологічного забезпечення лабораторного\u0000устаткування, а також методик досліджень.\u0000Забезпечення якості лабораторних досліджень є однією з центральних проблем сучасної лабораторної медицини.\u0000Основною вимогою для таких досліджень є надання клієнтам надійної інформації. Це, передусім, визначає вимогу щодо\u0000якості клінічних лабораторних досліджень клінічних і діагностичних лабораторій, що забезпечує правильне та своєчасне\u0000призначення аналізу пацієнту, виконане на належному аналітичному рівні з необхідною інформацією для його\u0000інтерпретації. Тільки за умови чіткої організації та якісного проведення лабораторних досліджень можна очікувати, що\u0000кожен результат, відображений у авторизованому звіті, лікар зможе використати для прийняття діагностичних рішень або\u0000рішень, які змінюють схему лікування. Одним зі способів визначення компетентності клініко-діагностичних лабораторій\u0000та якості їх досліджень є проведення незалежної оцінки якості. Лабораторна медицина надає 70–80 % інформації,\u0000необхідної для прийняття рішень щодо діагностики, лікування та профілактики захворювань. Надання достовірної\u0000інформації клініцистам – важлива вимога до якості клінічних лабораторних досліджень клініко-діагностичних\u0000лабораторій, яка забезпечує правильне і своєчасне призначення аналізу пацієнтові. Тільки за умови якісного виконання\u0000лабораторного дослідження можна розраховувати на правильне прийняття діагностичних рішень і належне лікування.","PeriodicalId":415989,"journal":{"name":"Measuring Equipment and Metrology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123241948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}