Russian Economic Journal最新文献

{"title":"DEFINING THE ONTOLOGICAL STATUS OF LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN HEALTH CARE","authors":"A. Popsuyko, E. A. Batsina, E. Morozova, G. Artamonova","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-43-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-43-65","url":null,"abstract":"he present research touches upon the problem of comprehension of the concept «labor productivity» as applied to the field of healthcare in comparison with other categories and the corresponding indicators, used in the assessment of the medical organization personnel activity. As methodological basis the ideas in the field of labor economics, conceptual apparatus and theoretical bases of which have proved their efficiency in the solution of the tasks of development of the organizations of different branch affiliation act. The statement that labor productivity in public health services is connected with the transfer of knowledge and technologies from industrial sphere to medicine, requiring the interpretation of concepts and conceptual apparatus in relation to the considered branch is taken as the basis. In modern conditions of high intensity of work of medical organizations at simultaneous necessity of observance of obligatory requirements to quality and safety of medical aid, rational use of resources, the demand for formation of scientifically grounded approaches to labor productivity estimation in healthcare is realized by authors by means of development of an integrated index of labor productivity estimation. The present research can be considered in the development of the theory of labor productivity as applied to the branch of health care taking into account its orientation on rendering qualitative and safe medical aid. The offered by the author approach to the estimation of the given indicator allows to reflect not only quantitative (output, labor input) or cost estimation of labor productivity, but also takes into account complexity, intensity of work of the employees, and also an estimation of a degree of achievement of productivity (quality) of their activity. Its novelty is seen in the mutual conditionality of medical, social and economic evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of labor resources of the employees of medical organizations.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114405639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF MONETARY SYSTEMS OF RUSSIA IN EXTREME MILITARY-POLITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (IN CONNECTION WITH THE 80TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BEGINNING OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR)","authors":"I. A. Nazarova","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-102-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-102-117","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article, addressed to those who teach and study in higher education economic theory, the history of economic thought and the socio-economic history of Russia, proceeds from the premise that changes in the socio-economic system of the country during the period of change in the dominant technological order actualize the development of the theory of money and the study of various stages of historical evolution of the domestic monetary economy (Russian monetary systems). In this context, an analysis of those periods of this evolution in the first half of the twentieth century, when the credit ruble becomes an extraordinary resource of the «war economy», unfolds. The article also examines the peculiarities of monetary circulation during the operation of the gold standard system and during the period of gold «leaving» to the state reserve fund. The author puts forward a hypothesis according to which the changes taking place in the monetary system in connection with the demonetization of gold are the accumulation of prerequisites for the transition to a post-industrial economic system. \u0000 \u0000Inclusion in the analysis of the events of the global military-political history of 1914–1917 and 1941–1945, i.e. events of the First and Second World Wars, helps to reveal the real basis on which a special type of economic relations was formed — the phenomenon of «war economy». The article identifies the key factors of instability in the twentieth century — industrial, monetary and world crises. The study of the peculiarities of the development of the crisis in peacetime and in the conditions of a «military-inflationary economy» in the works of prominent Russian economists deepens the understanding of the structural deformation of the national economy. \u0000 \u0000It is shown that the «price revolution», which characterizes the explosive growth of inflation, has become a vivid manifestation of the world economic instability during the development of extreme military-political events in Russia and in the countries of Western Europe. Attention is drawn to the fact that the «price revolution» in the conjuncture theory of M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky and the works of Z.S. Katsenelenbaum was considered as a function of qualitative changes that took place in the economic system as a result of the expansion of the sphere of money circulation during the transition from natural production to industrial production. The «price revolution» manifested itself with the greatest force in the conditions of the «war economy». The destruction of the national economy was accompanied by the development of «golden» inflation, indicating a chronic commodity deficit. \u0000 \u0000The author argues that the size of the accumulation of gold in 1920–1945, the emergence of large banks — custodians of the gold and foreign exchange reserves of the countries — members of the monetary unions — largely influenced the results of the competition between the three leading currencies (franc, pound and dollar), c","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125360581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ONCE AGAIN ABOUT THE NEGATIVE SYNERGY OF THE DESTRUCTIVE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN MONETARY AUTHORITIES","authors":"S. Kapkanshchikov","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-4-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-4-42","url":null,"abstract":"The article discloses an interconnected set of strategic defects in the regulatory activities of the Bank of Russia in cooperation with the Ministry of Finance, which predetermine the significant contribution of the neoliberal financial and credit policy pursued by them both to the development of an autonomous recession and the aggravation of the coronary crisis in our country. Based on a comparative analysis of the post-default and post-sanction devaluation of the ruble, a conclusion is made about the predominantly negative impact of the latter on the dynamics of Russian GDP and on inflationary processes in the country. The premature transition of the central bank to inflation targeting and, especially, to the free-floating ruble regime, the leading beneficiaries of which are disclosed commodity exporters, financial speculators and the Ministry of Finance, have been critically examined. The continued dominance of the foreign exchange channel in the Bank of Russia’s issuing activities over the credit channel and the inability of the financial authorities to cover the budget deficit through monetary financing are regarded as decisive factors preventing overcoming the coronavirus crisis on the way to a reasonable diversification of the domestic economy. The unjustified transition already in 2021 to a super-tight monetary and fiscal policy, which does not fit into the global practice of anti-crisis regulation, is seen as a kind of renaissance of the false monetarist approach in the activities of leading Russian regulators, their traditional reliance on the quantitative theory of money and the ensuing desire to overcome cost inflation using methods characteristic of combating demand inflation. As the end result of the noted manifestations of the fiasco of the Russian state in the money market, an extremely low coefficient of monetization of the domestic economy is considered, which prevents its breakthrough high-quality growth in the foreseeable future.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126220919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RUSSIAN SPACE IN THE PROCESS OF HISTORICAL TRANSITIONS (TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE THEORY OF POST-SOVIET SYSTEM TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPACE)","authors":"A. Shvetsov","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-66-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-6-66-100","url":null,"abstract":"As an object of research in the article, the phenomenon of the Russian space, taken in a long historical retrospective, appears, the subject issues of the study of which are the prerequisites, meanings and content, as well as significant cause-and-effect relationships and the dynamics of its transformations. It is shown that the processes of acquisition and development (colonization) of the country’s space took many centuries, took place in different directions, with different intensity and were initially associated with special motives, extraordinary efforts and contradictory consequences. The cornerstones of the main stages of transformation of the Russian space — pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet — are considered. A theoretical understanding of the modern stage is proposed, the deep meaning of which the author associates with the need to remove the main contradiction of the spatial organization of life in the country, due to the abrupt transition of the country «from socialism to the market». The driving forces and limitations of the formation of a new configuration of space are highlighted, the course and content of this transition process are predicted. In the author’s understanding, the ongoing transition is characterized by a complex interweaving of reforms and counter-reforms: the market-federative reversal of the 1990s (with its well-known excesses of reformation radicalism) is opposed by a mechanistic one that ignores the realities of the established market-capitalist system, and therefore counterproductive reproduction of a number of Soviet planning and placement algorithms of public administration. The conceptual approach to the consideration of the organization of the socio-economic space as a large complex dynamic open system and to the interpretation of its transformation processes as systemic transformations is substantiated. The deep Russian features of state participation in the transformation of the socio-economic space are revealed, the requirements for the current state regional policy are formulated.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131347995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POST-SOVIET DRAMA OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (IN CONNECTION WITH THE 99TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FORMATION OF THE USSR AND THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF ITS ABOLISHMENT)","authors":"Aleksandr В. Lyubinin","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-62-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-62-75","url":null,"abstract":"The article was prepared in connection with the 99th anniversary of the formation of the USSR and the 30th anniversary of the termination of its existence. The article reveals the relationship between the norms of the Constitution of the USSR of 1924 (and subsequent versions of the document) on the self-determination of nations and their right to secede from the Union with the real process of destruction of a single state. It is shown that the disintegration of the Union was carried out not in connection with the constitutional right of the union republics to self-determination, not with the observance of the appropriate procedures for leaving the single state, but, on the contrary, on an anti-constitutional basis. The author reveals the artificial and politically motivated nature of the arguments regarding the «mines» laid down in their time by the Bolsheviks under the national state structure of the USSR. This device turned out to be productive both for repelling military aggression and for peaceful construction, because it was formed taking into account the totality of the binding circumstances of its time, on the principles of equality and voluntary self-determination. It has been proven that the absence of the right to secede from parts of a single state does not provide any guarantees against the collapse of this state, an example of which is the European monarchies that ended their journey at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as the events in the USSR and around the Chechen Republic. The fundamental difference between constitutional multinational formations, one of which was the Soviet Union, and formations built on a contractual basis following the example of the Gorbachev SSG, the Belovezhskaya agreement on the creation of the CIS and the Union State of Russia and Belarus, is revealed.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128262895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RUSSIAN SPACE THROUGH THE PRISM OF LONG-TERM ACADEMIC INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH(REFLECTIONS ON THE BOOK «CHALLENGES AND POLICY OF RUSSIA’S SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY»)","authors":"A. Demyanenko","doi":"10.33983/130-9757-2021-5-112-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/130-9757-2021-5-112-137","url":null,"abstract":"The article contains the author’s reflections on the scientific, theoretical and applied aspects of the modern challenges of Russia’s spatial development and the state policy responding to them, its goals and tools. The reason for the appearance of these reflections was the recent publication of a scientific and academic collective monograph on this topic, and their subject basis was an extensive range of issues analyzed in this monograph. In his reflections on the book, the author strives to identify, first of all, scientific results that are of a pioneering and debatable nature, while avoiding making categorical assessments and formulating final conclusions about complex and ambiguous judgments presented on the pages of the book. The author does not try to comment equally on all sections and aspects of a voluminous monograph, but focuses on revealing the ideological richness and meaningful depth of the peer-reviewed collective work, supporting and criticizing, developing and supplementing its most important and controversial provisions.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114809019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATE INDUSTRIAL POLICY SECTORAL, REGIONAL, CORPORATE ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"Yu.B. Vinslav","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-4-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-4-30","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing importance of the sectoral aspects of the implementation of the state industrial policy is characterized. The analysis of a number of existing state programs in the industrial sphere is given. The main shortcomings of sectoral strategic planning documents are systematized; relevant recommendations are outlined. The features of the implementation of industrial policy at the macro level at the regional level are considered. Recommendations are given to ensure the consistency of federal and regional documents on industrial policy. The key risks and conditions of effective implementation of the state industrial policy at the corporate level are identified. The requirements for the content of corporate standards that take into account the requirements of the state industrial policy have been developed. Recommendations are formulated to improve the strategic planning of companies in the context of reflecting the objectives of the state industrial policy. A management algorithm for linking the objectives of industrial policy at the macro level and corporate incentive factors is proposed.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127280641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SUCCESS OF INTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE ACTIVITIES OF RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES","authors":"T. Gudkova, Alisa S. Kasparyan","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-93-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-93-110","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, increased competition in all industries encourages enterprises to look for new ways to improve their competitiveness. Today, in the conditions of the digital economy, digital transformation, implying the introduction of modern technologies into all business processes, can become a key tool that allows you to quickly adapt to changes in market conditions. \u0000 \u0000In this study, on the basis of regression analysis, the factors contributing to the success of the introduction of digital technologies at industrial enterprises in Russia, as well as the barriers that arise in the way of their digital transformation, are identified.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121228776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT AND MODERNIZATION OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE FAR NORTH REGIONS","authors":"A. Sinitsa","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-76-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-76-92","url":null,"abstract":"The Far North is of great importance to the country’s economy but social problems appear faster than the authorities have time to solve them. As a result, the macro-region faces a strong permanent migration outflow, which impedes its socio-economic development. One of such problems is the low quality of education. The indicators characterizing the development of the education system in the Far North regions are worse and often the gap with the rest of the country increases. The article considers some problems of education system development in these regions and proposes measures to solve them. Three areas of modernization of the education system can be distinguished. The first is the need for greater attention to demographic trends. Despite the decline in the number of young people it occurs in a wave-like manner and it is necessary to take into account such dynamics. The educational system as a whole, and not just particular levels, should be developed in order to reduce migration outflows. The second direction implies improving the information support of the policy (including the gathering and publication of more statistical data), improving the financing of the education system and libraries, as well as repairing buildings and providing access to high-speed Internet. In this context, special attention should be paid to improving the quality of planning for the development of the education system. The third direction concerns balancing the graduation from educational institutions and the demand for labor in the labor market, reducing the number of graduates who work outside their specialty, as well as increasing the social status and prestige of pedagogical employees.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129494958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPROACHES TO ASSESSING TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY IN MEGACITIES: APPLYING GEOMARKETING TECHNIQUES","authors":"T. Murtuzalieva, Anastasia V. Lykina, N. Ivashkova, G. Timokhina, I. Shirochenskaya","doi":"10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-42-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-5-42-61","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the issues of modeling the accessibility of public transport and the formation of its criteria by using geographic information systems (GIS). The paper presents an analysis of the relationship between transport development and the development of large cities. The article analyzes the world and domestic experience of using transport availability indices in urban planning policy: public transport accessibility indices; a model of transit-oriented development, examples of its practical application in various cities worldwide. \u0000 \u0000Based on the study of a number of methods based on objective and subjective assessments of the level of transport accessibility, it was concluded that there is currently no universal methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the transport accessibility in megalopolises (objective and perceived). The modern possibilities of solving the tasks set by geomarketing technology based on the use of big data are identified. \u0000 \u0000The practical significance of the results obtained by the authors is due to the possibility of forming, on the basis of the studied methods, a system for analyzing the transport accessibility of capital objects in Moscow, differentiating the level of transport accessibility for different groups of the population.","PeriodicalId":415958,"journal":{"name":"Russian Economic Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127932278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}