British Journal of Canadian Studies最新文献

{"title":"Ned Land et l'utopie compensatoire chez Jules Verne: à propos du Canadien de Vingt Mille Lieues sous les mers","authors":"M. Prévost","doi":"10.3828/bjcs.2021.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/bjcs.2021.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Jules Verne, qui appelait le Canada 'mon pays de prédilection', a écrit trois romans canadiens et donné jour à de forts personnages-types canadiens dans ses Voyages extraordinaires. Le mieux connu de ces personnages est Ned Land, l'intrépide harponneur de Vingt Mille Lieues sous les mers, personnage composite des identités française et anglaise, le Verne de 1869 voyant le Canada de l'immédiate post-confédération comme le lieu de la conciliation franco-anglaise. Ned Land se distingue par son amour de la liberté: au fil des décennies, Verne, endossant désormais les récriminations de l'opinion française contre les 'Anglo-Saxons', fera de cette caractéristique celle de tous les Franco-Canadiens, son roman Famillesans-nom (1889) présentant cette fois l'utopie compensatoire (à savoir cette propension vernienne à faire du Canada le lieu de représentations idéalisées allant à l'encontre de l'histoire événementielle) d'une union entre Canadiens français et peuples autochtones.Abstract:Jules Verne, who called Canada 'my favourite country', wrote three novels set in Canada and created several strong would-be archetypal Canadian characters, the best known undoubtedly being Ned Land, the fearless harpooner from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. This character is a composite of French and English identities, as the Jules Verne of 1869 considered post-Confederation Canada to be the theatre of Franco-English conciliation. Ned Land is characterised by his love of freedom: with the passing of two decades, Verne, having gradually become more in phase with mainstream French recriminations against 'Anglo-Saxons', would make this striving for liberty the national trait of all French Canadians in his novel Family Without a Name (1889), creating a new compensatory utopia (that is, an idealisation of Canada in an ahistorical fashion): the reconciliation between French and First Nations.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"153 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42745720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protected black and Acadian electoral districts in Nova Scotia: a case study in institutionalised surrogate representation","authors":"Michael J. Wigginton","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2021.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2021.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:From 1991 to 2011, the political representation of the Acadian and black populations of Nova Scotia was ensured via four 'protected ridings'–electoral districts with population sizes well below median size created for their significant minority presence, a unique initiative that remains little examined in the literature. Through the reports of the electoral boundaries commissions, I examine the models of representation implicit in this system and use them to further the definition of surrogate representation presented by Jane Mansbridge, finding that what emerged was a system of institutionalised surrogate representation, wherein Acadians and African Nova Scotians throughout the province were represented by the representatives of the protected ridings. Beyond providing an overview of the unique Nova Scotian case, this paper also furthers the literature on surrogate representation by demonstrating that surrogate representation can be subdivided into two forms, which I categorise as 'promissory/anticipatory surrogate representation' and 'gyroscopic surrogate representation'.Abstract:De 1991 à 2011, la représentation politique des populations acadiennes et noires de la Nouvelle-Écosse a été assurée par quatre 'circonscriptions protégées', des circonscriptions électorales dont la population est bien inférieure à la taille médiane et qui ont été créées pour leur importante présence minoritaire, une initiative unique qui reste peu étudiée dans la littérature. À travers les rapports des commissions de délimitation des circonscriptions électorales, j'examine les modèles de représentation implicites dans ce système et je les utilise pour approfondir la définition de la représentation de cause (surrogate representation) développé par Jane Mansbridge, en constatant que ce qui en est ressorti est un système de représentation de substitution institutionnalisé, dans lequel les Acadiens et les Afro-Néo-Écossais de toute la province étaient représentés par les représentants des circonscriptions protégées. En plus de fournir un aperçu du cas unique de la Nouvelle-Écosse, cet article fait également avancer la littérature sur la représentation de substitution en démontrant que la représentation de substitution peut être subdivisée en deux formes, que je catégorise comme 'représentation de cause promissoire/anticipatoire' et 'représentation de cause gyroscopique'.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"77 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45219067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secularism, intercultural openness, and reasonable accommodation: the perspectives of francophones and anglophones living in south-eastern Quebec","authors":"D. Stout, Claude Charpentier, M. Chiasson","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2021.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2021.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Some studies suggest that religion is becoming a salient marker of immigrant identity. The protective impulse by western democracies to defend secularism can thus act as a barrier to immigrant integration. Given its legislative stance on secularism, Quebec affords a unique opportunity to study the interplay of attitudes and political culture on host community openness to cultural diversity. Surveying 395 south-eastern Quebec mother-tongue French and English participants, we found that though the former deemed ethnic and religious targets as more open to close social contact than the latter, they were less accommodating of diversity. Their perceptions of religious target openness overshadowed their views of ethnic targets, thereby registering less accommodating attitudes while confirming their perception of religion as a salient marker of immigrant diversity. Contextualizing a social-psychological analysis of attitudes toward immigration seems relevant when seen through two linguistic groups differently related to the historical unfolding of modern Quebec.Abstract:Certaines études suggèrent que la religion devient un marqueur important de l'identité des immigrants. L'impulsion des démocraties occidentales à protéger la laïcité peut représenter un obstacle à l'intégration des immigrants. Vu sa position législative sur la laïcité, le Québec offre une occasion unique d'étudier l'interaction des attitudes et de la culture politique sur l'ouverture de la communauté d'accueil à la diversité culturelle. Notre sondage auprès de 395 participants de langue maternelle française et anglaise du sud-est du Québec révèle que plus de Francophones que d'Anglophones perçoivent les cibles ethniques et religieuses comme plus ouvertes à des contacts sociaux étroits, cependant qu'ils sont moins accommodants à l'égard de la diversité. Leur perception de l'ouverture des cibles religieuses éclipse leur vision des cibles ethniques, engendrant ainsi des attitudes moins accommodantes tout en affermissant la religion comme un marqueur important de la diversité des immigrants. La mise en contexte d'une analyse sociopsychologique des attitudes à l'égard de l'immigration semble pertinente lorsqu'elle est envisagée à travers deux groupes linguistiques liés différemment à l'évolution historique du Québec moderne.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"47 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43568315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Québec and Canadian Studies in Britain: reflections of a pioneer","authors":"C. May","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2021.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2021.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"105 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49140607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"John Stuart Mill and the liberal idea of Canada","authors":"G. Garrard","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The writer and politician John Stuart Mill played an important role in the two greatest constitutional moments of nineteenth-century Canada: he publicly supported Lord Durham's 1838 report on Canada and he voted for the British North American Act (1867) that formed the Dominion of Canada. Mill had a part, in his own mind an important part, in Canada's evolution from colony to self-governing dominion. I argue that his attitude to Canada was broadly consistent across these three decades and was consistent with his principled defence of liberal imperialism. But it was complicated by Mill's relatively low opinion of the French Canadians who, he thought, lagged behind the rest of Canada in their development. That is why Mill supported Durham's recommendation that they be assimilated into the English-speaking mainstream. I conclude that French Canada exposed the limits of Mill's form of liberalism, which gave priority to the 'civilising' imperative over cultural diversity. And it remains questionable just how capacious Millian liberalism really is in accommodating cultural diversity.Abstract:L'écrivain et homme politique John Stuart Mill a joué un rôle important dans les deux plus grands moments constitutionnels du Canada au XIXe siècle : il a publiquement appuyé le rapport de 1838 de Lord Durham sur le Canada et il a voté pour l'Acte de l'Amérique du Nord britannique (1867) qui a formé le Dominion du Canada. Mill a joué un rôle, à son avis un rôle important, dans l'évolution du Canada de colonie à un dominion autonome. Je soutiens que son attitude à l'égard du Canada était globalement la même au cours de ces trois décennies et était conforme à sa défense de principe de l'impérialisme libéral. Mais cela a été compliqué par l'opinion relativement faible de Mill sur les Canadiens français qui, pensait-il, étaient à la traîne du reste du Canada dans leur développement. C'est la raison pour laquelle Mill a appuyé la recommandation de Durham d'être assimilés au grand public anglophone. Je conclus que le Canada français a exposé les limites de la forme de libéralisme de Mill, qui donnait la priorité à l'impératif « civilisateur » sur la diversité culturelle. Et on peut se demander à quel point le libéralisme millien est vraiment vaste pour accueillir la diversité culturelle.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"31 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44798367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chaplains of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1914–18: modern revisions on one hundred years of historiographical development","authors":"I. Baird","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2021.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2021.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article surveys nearly 100 years of how British and Canadian Great War army chaplains were historicised through three distinct stages: the interwar decades, the counterculture movements of the 1960s and 1970s, and a revisionist phase that began in the 1990s and continues. Postwar memoirs of numerous literary-minded British and Canadian veterans almost invariably characterised chaplains as hypocritical and irrelevant to the average soldier, doing more harm than good to the cause of organised religion. This and other war disillusionment motifs were taken up by the 1960s anti-war movement and sealed into public consciousness. The 1990s, however, witnessed the beginning of scholarly, revisionist efforts to disentangle history from literature and myth. The effort has produced a more balanced, complex, and interesting assessment of chaplain front-line performance, as revealed through the diverse testimony of soldiers from all socio-economic backgrounds, not just the educated literary class.Abstract:Cet article examine comment les aumôniers britanniques et canadiens de la Première Guerre mondiale ont été historicisés depuis près de cent ans, en distinguant trois étapes : les décennies de l'entre-deuxguerres, les mouvements de contre-culture des années 1960 et 1970 et une phase révisionniste des années 1990 à nos jours. Dans l'aprèsguerre, les mémoires de nombreux anciens combattants britanniques et canadiens lettrés dépeignaient presque toujours les aumôniers comme des personnes hypocrites et sans rapport avec le soldat ordinaire, qui ont fait plus de tort que de bien à la cause de la religion organisée. Le mouvement anti-guerre des années 1960 a repris ce motif et d'autres motifs de désillusion envers la guerre et les a ancrés dans la conscience publique. Les années 1990, cependant, ont été témoins des premiers efforts révisionnistes de chercheurs pour démêler l'histoire de la littérature et du mythe. Ces efforts ont produit une évaluation plus équilibrée, plus complexe et plus intéressante de l'action des aumôniers sur la première ligne, telle que révélée par les témoignages variés de soldats de tous horizons socio-économiques, et non seulement ceux de soldats instruits et amateurs de littérature.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"1 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44066703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cedric May, québéciste et canadianiste: an introductory note","authors":"R. Killick","doi":"10.3828/BJCS.2021.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/BJCS.2021.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"103 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46626625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'\"Gender, genre and nationality\"': Alice Munro's forging of her short story way","authors":"Isla J. Duncan","doi":"10.3828/bjcs.2020.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/bjcs.2020.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the first part of this article, I argue that Alice Munro, in her early career, was disadvantaged by her gender, by her Canadianness, and by her commitment to short fiction. She has overcome most of the obstacles and prejudices she faced in the 1950s and 1960s, and is regarded as one of the world's finest contemporary writers. In the latter part of my article, I discuss the distinctive qualities of her narrative art, maintaining that they have become Munrovian hallmarks and are enhanced in her chosen form, the short story.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"119 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47246511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borderline Canadianness: Border Crossings and Everyday Nationalism in Niagara by Jane Helleiner (review)","authors":"C. Denis","doi":"10.3138/9781442619326-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442619326-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"160 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3138/9781442619326-002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47936251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anglicisms, French equivalents, and language attitudes among Quebec undergraduates","authors":"Cécile Planchon, Daniel Stockemer","doi":"10.3828/bjcs.2020.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/bjcs.2020.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article addresses the usage, knowledge, and perception of Anglicisms by the younger generation of Quebecers, namely undergraduate French-speaking students in arts, humanities, and social sciences. We compare the level of knowledge and usage of French equivalents for Anglicisms in students who discourage the usage of English in Quebec versus those who do not. A survey of more than 600 students, and descriptive and inferential statistics, reveal that Quebec students who think English borrowings should be avoided are somewhat more likely to know a French equivalent for one or more of the five English integral or hybrid borrowings 'fun', 'look' (noun), 'coach', 'condo' and 'performer' (verb), and use some of these expressions less frequently. However, we also find that students who discourage the usage of English still have limited knowledge of the French equivalent and use the English borrowing quite frequently.","PeriodicalId":41591,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Canadian Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"118 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45562233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}