Muhammad Asyraf Zulkhairi, Y. M. Mustafah, Z. Z. Abidin, H. F. Zaki, H. A. Rahman
{"title":"Car Detection Using Cascade Classifier on Embedded Platform","authors":"Muhammad Asyraf Zulkhairi, Y. M. Mustafah, Z. Z. Abidin, H. F. Zaki, H. A. Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952064","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) help reducing traffic accidents caused by distracted driving. One of the features of ADAS is Forward Collision Warning System (FCWS). In FCWS, car detection is a crucial step. This paper explains about car detection system using cascade classifier running on embedded platform. The embedded platform used is NXP SBC-S32V234 evaluation board with 64-bit Quad ARM Cortex-A53. The system algorithm is developed in C++ programming language and used open source computer vision library, OpenCV. For car detection process, object detection by cascade classifier method is used. We trained the cascade detector using positive and negative instances mostly from our self-collected Malaysian road dataset. The tested car detection system gives about 88.3 percent detection accuracy with images of 340 by 135 resolution (after cropped and resized). When running on the embedded platform, it managed to get average 13 frames per second with video file input and average 15 frames per second with camera input.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117327379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Tracking Control Experiments for 2-DOF Helicopter: An Open-Implementation Approach","authors":"Kenneth Vonckx, Glenn Janiak, Md. Suruz Miah","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952060","url":null,"abstract":"This paper advances the previous work done by Janiak et al., by implementing a generic optimal tracking control law for tracking the motion of a 2-DOF helicopter. While most of the 2-DOF helicopter control algorithms proposed in the literature to date are tested using computer simulations, the focus of the current work is to practically implement a leading optimal tracking control scheme for converging a 2-DOF helicopter to its desired configuration asymptotically. The contribution of the current manuscript is to generalize the implementation framework for various control strategies that can be deployed for controlling the motion of a set of 2-DOF helicopters. The optimal tracking control scheme considered in this work takes into account the measurements of pitch and yaw angles, and their angular speeds to generate actuator commands for main and tail propellers of a 2-DOF helicopter. The performance of the optimal tracking controller is demonstrated using a set experiments conducted in a laboratory setting.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125817058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical Braille Module for Learning Simple Mathematical Operations","authors":"M. Tahir, N. Hanif, Hazlina Md. Yusuf","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952054","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with a good understanding of mathematics have better chances to do well in their life. However, it is an extremely challenging task for people with visual disabilities to learn and execute simple mathematical operations. Although there are many mathematical learning products in the current market, most of them are expensive, with smooth input keys, liquid crystal display and audio outputs which limit the learning process of numerical braille code. In this paper, we present a numerical braille module which aimed to help people with visual challenges to learn simple mathematical operations. This module comprises 12 miniature solenoids that were controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller with a numeric keypad that serves as an input unit. The verification of input and output signals was conducted to ensure that all the inputs are correctly stored in Arduino board memory to perform a correct operation and raised the correct solenoids to produce a braille code pattern. Three operations were tested, which are addition, subtraction and multiplication. The developed numerical braille module was capable of performing simple calculations tasks and raised correct solenoid output accordingly. The outcome of this work provides an optimistic prospect of attracting the visually impaired to learn and perform mathematical operations.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130568455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Resource-efficient Mobility Management Scheme to Analyze Handoff Performance in PNEMO Environment","authors":"S. Islam, A. Hashim, M. Hasan","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952058","url":null,"abstract":"Mobility management is characterized into two sections are mainly location management as well as handoff management. The previous one focuses on location updates though the later one oversees consistent Internet availability while the Mobile Router (MR) diverges its point of attachment during movement to the new network. Subsequently, recurrent movement of the Mobile Routers (MR) becomes one of the noteworthy characteristics in mobile networks. Since, as per the standard Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol (NEMO BSP), the MR uses single interface to connect to the new access network. MR needs altering its point of attachment to the network once it moves to the new access networks. This leads to decrease network performance, scalability issues as well as extra signaling overhead that results in higher handoff delay, packet loss, mobility anchor load and total handoff cost (signaling cost, packet delivery cost and energy consumption cost respectively). Consequently, this paper proposed a resource efficient Mobility Management- scheme to analyze handoff performance in PNEMO (MM-PNEMO). From that point onward, signifies a comparative study among the MM-PNEMO, NEMO BSP, and PNEMO.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129328808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing PD-type Fuzzy Logic Controller for Position Control of Spherical Robot","authors":"N. N. Kamis, A. H. Embong, Salmiah Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952043","url":null,"abstract":"Spherical robot has several advantages compared to another type of mobile robot that can be used in many applications. Controlling a rolling mechanism for this nonlinear system is highly challenging. This paper describes the optimization of the position control of spherical robot for rolling mechanism. Proportional-Derivative type Fuzzy Logic Control (PD-type FLC) has been proposed in this paper to control the position of spherical robot while rolling. Five triangular membership function of error, change of error and output voltage is designed, producing 25 rule-base using Mamdani fuzzy inference system. Then, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to optimize both input and output gain of PD-type FLC. The final analysis of the optimized PD-type FLC has shown that the rise time and settling time of the spherical robot to achieve its desired position is reduced by 78% which is 1.2 min and 2.1 min respectively with no overshoot.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116843018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Rahman Samewoi, N. Azlan, Md. Raisuddin Khan
{"title":"Kinematics Analysis and Trajectory Validation of Two Cooperative Manipulators Handling a Flexible Beam","authors":"Abdul Rahman Samewoi, N. Azlan, Md. Raisuddin Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952048","url":null,"abstract":"Kinematics and a trajectory are necessary for dynamics modelling and control design of two cooperative manipulators in handling a flexible beam. Lack of information regarding the kinematics and the trajectory of a system can lead to inaccuracy and infeasibility results of the simulation and the experiment. This paper presents kinematics analysis and trajectory validation of two cooperative manipulators handling a flexible beam. The kinematics of the system and the desired trajectory is validated by using Simulink and geometrically visualised by using GeoGebra. Simulation results showed that joint angles and the manipulators' configuration were influenced by some parameters such as the positions and the orientation of beam's midpoint, the base distance between two manipulators, the manipulators' elbow-typed configuration as well as the radius and the centre point of the circular desired trajectory.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115485518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hana Mohammed Al-Marri, R. Ramli, N. Z. N. Azman, Azhar A. Rahman, Jameela Al-Yafai, Aminah Al-Saleem, Amenah Al-Safwan
{"title":"Fetal Biometry Assessment of Femur Length for Pregnant Women in Dammam, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Hana Mohammed Al-Marri, R. Ramli, N. Z. N. Azman, Azhar A. Rahman, Jameela Al-Yafai, Aminah Al-Saleem, Amenah Al-Safwan","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952045","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to establish a new reference chart and equation for femur length (FL) based on Saudi pregnant women in Dammam, and to compare it with references from different populations. This cross-sectional study involved 400 women with singleton pregnancies who attended the Maternal and Children Hospital in Dammam in 2018, which confirmed their gestational age (GA). For this study, each woman was scanned once only, between 14th to 40th completed weeks ofgestation using Ultrasound machine Voluson E10 (GE Healthcare, Austria) with a 2–5 MHz convex abdominal probe. The SPSS software version 24 (descriptive, regression analysis, and paired t-test) was used for analysis. The mean maternal age was 29 ± 5.92 years. The mean value of FL in second trimesters was 33.75 mm while it reaches to 62.80 mm in third trimesters. At 14th and 40th weeks, mean values (±SD) for FL were 14.85 (±2.58) mm and 78.75 (±1.97) mm. The quadratic regression models were fitted to estimate the mean and separate linear regression to estimate the standard deviation at each GA. The comparison of the FL values of Saudi chart shows a significant difference with the common references used. The FL values in this study were significantly higher than the corresponding values of USA, French, UK, German, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Iran, Bangladesh, Egypt, and Thailand but lower than China and Nigerian. Thus, these new FL values are highly recommended to be used by the medical practitioner as the reference range of fetus biometry for Saudi Arabia population regarding providing better healthcare and wellbeing of the maternal and fetuses.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114965614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. F. Olanrewaju, Ahmad Syarifuddin Ahmad Fakhri, M. Sanni, M. T. Ajala
{"title":"Robust, Fast and Accurate Lane Departure Warning System using Deep Learning and Mobilenets","authors":"R. F. Olanrewaju, Ahmad Syarifuddin Ahmad Fakhri, M. Sanni, M. T. Ajala","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952067","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, millions of people die from fatalities on the road. This paper develops a lane departure warning system that will alert the driver when the driver may be veering off the road. Recent advances in Deep learning and Artificial Intelligence have shown that Convolutional Neural Networks can be excellent at extracting and identifying features in an image. However, Convolutional Neural Networks are often run on Expensive GPU's with colossal memory and typically run millions of operations in a second. This is a challenging problem for embedded characterized by limited memory or processing power and a real-time capability. In this paper, a lightweight, robust and low memory architecture is explored to enable its incorporation as an embedded system. The proposed final architecture utilizes a novel semantic regression technique that integrates the accuracy of semantic segregation and the speed of regression. An end-to-end Deep learning system is used which takes images as an inputs and outputs the found lane in one shot. The developed system achieves 91.83% accuracy on Malaysian roads.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130128692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Linear Quadratic Gaussian Torque Controller (LQG) for Upper Limb Rehabilitation","authors":"Shawgi Y. A. Mounis, N. Azlan, S. Fatai","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952057","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing numbers of degrees of freedom (DOF), modeling and control of the upper-limb robotic devices become significantly challenging. Model uncertainties, parameter inaccuracies, and incompletely known frictional effects also become inevitable, leading to the need for robust controller design. This paper presents the design of an optimal Linear Quadratic Gaussian torque controller (LQG) with integral action for upper limb rehabilitation robot under the independent joint control paradigm. The controller is motivated to ensure optimal robust torque control, to avoid modelling uncertainties, and to simplify control design process. The proposed method is demonstrated through a simulation study and implemented experimentally on two active joints of a 5-DOF robot prototype. The LQG closed-loop control system responses to both step and input/output disturbance inputs demonstrated superior performance of the controller to the traditional PID controller. The elbow flexion/extension and shoulder abduction/adduction experiments involving healthy subjects verified that the controller is able to deliver better performance within 0.0047Nm and 0.0068 Nm RMS torque tracking errors for shoulder and elbow respectively.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125565673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Shohag Mollik, W. Noor, T. Saleh, Mohammed Gamal Abdulhameed Bazarah
{"title":"Development of an Active Fixture for Ultrasonically Assisted Micro Electro-Discharge Machining","authors":"Md Shohag Mollik, W. Noor, T. Saleh, Mohammed Gamal Abdulhameed Bazarah","doi":"10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952049","url":null,"abstract":"Micromachining technologies have enjoyed a recent resurgence due to massive demands in many engineering, production and manufacturing sectors. Micro Electric Discharge Machining (µ-EDM) is one of the most popular techniques available to produce microscopic features and components for various industries. This technique can ensure better machining performance in terms of reduced Heat Affected Zones and surface finishing. It also comes with inherent disadvantages such as high machining time, low material removal rate (MRR) and unstable machining. To overcome these factors vigorous flushing of dielectric fluid is performed. The flushing is achieved through imparting ultrasonic vibration on either of the tool, dielectric fluid or workpiece. The vibration aids in carrying away the debris accumulated in the spark-gap region. In this paper, a novel design of an ultrasonic vibration fixture has been proposed. This fixture will facilitate vibration of the workpiece that is required to improve machining performance. Further enhancement of the design leads to better machining performance. System Identification helps to determine the nature of the system and model the input-output response. The oscillation of the system can be easily characterized and validated using System Identification. Machining results are compared to gain some more insight about the nature of ultrasonic vibration assisted µ-EDM.","PeriodicalId":415914,"journal":{"name":"2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132568200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}