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Conveying tactile feedback using a model of mechanotransduction 使用机械转导模型传递触觉反馈
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696893
S. Bensmaia, Sung Soo Kim, A. Sripati, R. J. Vogelstein
{"title":"Conveying tactile feedback using a model of mechanotransduction","authors":"S. Bensmaia, Sung Soo Kim, A. Sripati, R. J. Vogelstein","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696893","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop effective neural prostheses for the hand, it is necessary to characterize the tactile information conveyed by the hand to the brain. Here we present a model that predicts the neural activity evoked by vibratory stimuli in the three types of mechanoreceptive fibers that innervate the glabrous skin of the hand. The model takes as input the position of the stimulus as a function of time, along with its first (velocity), second (acceleration) and third (jerk) derivatives. This input is filtered and passed through an integrate-and-fire mechanism to generate a train of spikes as output. By fitting the model to the activity of the three fiber types, we found that activity in each fiber type is best accounted for by specific stimulus combinations. The major conclusion of this study is that the timing of individual spikes evoked in mechanoreceptive fibers innervating the hand can be accurately predicted using an integrate-and-fire model. This model constitutes an important first step towards tactile neural prostheses.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130661656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Low-threshold voltage multipliers based on floating-gate charge-pumps 基于浮栅电荷泵的低阈值电压乘法器
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696910
Chenling Huang, S. Chakrabartty
{"title":"Low-threshold voltage multipliers based on floating-gate charge-pumps","authors":"Chenling Huang, S. Chakrabartty","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696910","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a low-threshold voltage multiplier circuit that can be used for harvesting energy from ambient radio-frequency (RF) signals. At the core of the circuit is a charge-pump based on CMOS floating-gate transistor diodes (FGTD) whose threshold voltage can be adjusted using indirect programming. We show that the diodes can achieve threshold voltages less than 50 mV, which is typically less than the conventional Schottky diodes fabricated in an equivalent process. A prototype of a 5-stage charge-pump is fabricated in a standard 0.5-mum CMOS process (Vth = 0.7 V and -0.9 V for nMOS and pMOS transistors respectively). Measurement results validate the functionality of the prototype for multiplying and regulating sub-threshold input signals. Using a 5-stage charge-pump we demonstrate operation at less than 300 mV input signal range with an operating frequency ranging from 1-4 MHz.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125348160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Chemical stimulation of Aplysia californica ganglion with microfluidic signal generators 微流控信号发生器对加利福尼亚海杉神经节的化学刺激
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696935
F. Azizi, C. Mastrangelo, Hui Lu, H. Chiel
{"title":"Chemical stimulation of Aplysia californica ganglion with microfluidic signal generators","authors":"F. Azizi, C. Mastrangelo, Hui Lu, H. Chiel","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696935","url":null,"abstract":"We implemented a microfluidic signal generator chip for the in-vitro study of the nervous system of Aplysia californica under localized chemical stimulation. The PDMS chip implements a one-bit pulse-code modulator that digitally controls the concentration of the non-hydrolysable cholinergic agonist carbachol injected directly above a ganglion. The chip was successful in inducing a burst of ingestive patterns.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116958453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A CMOS integrated bacterial sensor for rapid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 一种用于铜绿假单胞菌快速检测的CMOS集成细菌传感器
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696912
N. Nikkhoo, C. Mann, P. Gulak, K. Maxwell
{"title":"A CMOS integrated bacterial sensor for rapid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"N. Nikkhoo, C. Mann, P. Gulak, K. Maxwell","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696912","url":null,"abstract":"An integrated bacterial detection chip is implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS technology. The chip has been tested using pyocins as biological detecting elements along with the study of electrical noise generated in an integrated nanowell to detect the presence of two different bacterial clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The chip successfully identifies the presence of bacterial strains sensitive to the pyocin in less than 10 minutes. The effect of bacterial cell concentration is also presented in the experimental results. The chip consumes 122 muW from 3.3 V supply for two recording channels and occupies an area of 0.48 mm2 in a 0.18 mum standard CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116889771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Real-time filtering technique to remove ECG interference from recorded esophageal EMG 实时滤波技术去除食管肌电图记录的心电干扰
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696864
Bassam Rhou, Mohamad Sawan, T. Desilets, François Bellemare
{"title":"Real-time filtering technique to remove ECG interference from recorded esophageal EMG","authors":"Bassam Rhou, Mohamad Sawan, T. Desilets, François Bellemare","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696864","url":null,"abstract":"Electromyogram (EMG) is used in various circumstances such as diagnostic and prosthesis control. This paper deals with the diaphragmatic electromyogram (EMGdi) as a controller of mechanical ventilation. However, recorded EMGdi signals are always contaminated by electrocardiogram (ECG). Cancellation of the ECG contamination, especially in real-time, is not a simple operation because the spectra of EMG and ECG overlap. We present in this paper an EMGdi acquisition system implementing an efficient real-time EMG processing technique. This system includes an esophageal catheter and a control unit with Bluetooth link for communication with a user interface. The ECG cancellation part includes two 8-bit microcontrollers communicating via a SPI interface and receiving and sending data via two RS232 serial links and can be easily adapted to be used for any application which needs to eliminate ECG artifacts from EMG. The simulation and experimental results show that the chosen filtering technique gives good results on diaphragmatic EMG and can operate in a hardware system.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117285198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Dynamical digital silicon neurons 动态数字硅神经元
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696931
A. Cassidy, A. Andreou
{"title":"Dynamical digital silicon neurons","authors":"A. Cassidy, A. Andreou","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696931","url":null,"abstract":"We present an array of dynamical digital silicon neurons implementing the Izhikevich neuron model. The FPGA based array consists of 32 physical neurons, each time multiplexing the state of 8 virtual neurons, for a total of 256 independent neurons. The neural array operates at 5,000 times faster than real time, performing over 20.48 GOPS (giga operations per second). It is intended for neural simulation acceleration, neural prostheses, and neuromorphic systems.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115047526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 68
Mismatch reduction with relative reset in integrate-and-fire photo-pixel array 基于相对复位的集成发射像素阵列失配减少方法
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696928
J.A.M. Olsson, P. Hafliger
{"title":"Mismatch reduction with relative reset in integrate-and-fire photo-pixel array","authors":"J.A.M. Olsson, P. Hafliger","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696928","url":null,"abstract":"We have reduced the mismatch error in a bio-inspired vision sensor, of the kind that is popularly known as dasiaoctopus retinapsila. Mismatch and noise reduction techniques developed for traditional imagers, like correlated double sampling (CDS), cannot be applied to this frame-free asynchronous vision sensor. In an dasiaoctopus retinapsila, each self timed pixel integrates photo current until a threshold is reached, whereupon it creates a pixel-event and is reset. To reduce threshold mismatch, 1/f and reset noise in this implementation, pixels are not reset to a common baseline but to a level that is relative to the individual firing threshold. This is achieved by subtracting a fixed charge from the integrating node. The matching of that charge is dependent on the matching of a carefully designed capacitor. Monte Carlo simulations of the pixel with manufacturer mismatch statistic parameters predicted a total pixel mismatch of only 0.26%. The physical implementation on a AMS 0.35 micro-meter ASIC with a resolution of 74 times 74 pixels achieved a mismatch of below 1%.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123714125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Reverse engineering the principal image processing architectures of the Macula Lutea within the human retina 逆向工程的主要图像处理架构黄斑在人类视网膜
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696918
D. Banks, C. Toumazou
{"title":"Reverse engineering the principal image processing architectures of the Macula Lutea within the human retina","authors":"D. Banks, C. Toumazou","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696918","url":null,"abstract":"We present here a biomorphic CMOS colour opponent retinal processing algorithm and chip, representing the image-processing of the human macula lutea, with simulated and measured results. This chip has colour selective photodiodes (representing blue and red retinal cone cells) implemented without any post processing, using the intrinsic absorption of silicon as colour filter, and allowing double colour opponent receptive field implementation. Utilising two convolution stages (an improved resistive network with feedback that inhibits lateral spreading under high intensity light conditions, and a current-mode bidirectional 3times3 distributed reduced Laplacian filter), allowing asymmetric and effective Laplacian filter implementations of any size from 3times3 to larger than the array itself. The current-mode circuitry represents the macula ganglion, bipolar cell interface, and the resistive network high light intensity inhibition has been observed within retinal horizontal cell networks. This work is directly relevant to distributed focal plane image processing systems, either as stand-alone feature extraction devices where low space and power are essential, or as a retinal replacement aid for the visually impaired.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129824068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design and development of an active Laplacian sensor for non-invasive recordings of the intestinal bioelectrical signal 一种用于无创记录肠道生物电信号的有源拉普拉斯传感器的设计与开发
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696878
G. Prats-Boluda, J. Garcia-Casado, J. L. Martinez-de-Juan, Y. Ye
{"title":"Design and development of an active Laplacian sensor for non-invasive recordings of the intestinal bioelectrical signal","authors":"G. Prats-Boluda, J. Garcia-Casado, J. L. Martinez-de-Juan, Y. Ye","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696878","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal surface recordings of the electroenterogram (EEnG) could be a noninvasive solution to study the intestinal motility. However, surface EEnG is a weak signal (muV) sensitive to physiological interferences such as ECG and respiration. The goal of this work has been to develop a modular Laplacian sensor to enhance the quality of conventional bipolar recordings. This sensor is made up by two parts: the passive part which consist of 3 concentric Ag/AgCl ring electrodes; and the active part which is a battery-powered signal conditioning circuit. Each part is etched in a different printed circuit board (PCB), and they are connected to each other by SMT connectors. So that, the sensing part can be treated independently for its maintenance and replacement, while the active part can be reused. In a preliminary recording session, the slow wave (SW) component of the EEnG was identified in the signal provided by the Laplacian sensor. Moreover, this signal proved to be less affected by respiration and ECG interference.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"89 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126318484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
An efficient algorithm and architecture for medical image segmentation and tumour detection 一种用于医学图像分割和肿瘤检测的高效算法和体系结构
2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696898
M. S. Sharif, Abdul N. Sazish, A. Amira
{"title":"An efficient algorithm and architecture for medical image segmentation and tumour detection","authors":"M. S. Sharif, Abdul N. Sazish, A. Amira","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696898","url":null,"abstract":"Medical image segmentation is very important for radiotherapy planning and cancer diagnosis. There are many techniques for medical image segmentation based on thresholding, classification, and multiresolution analysis (MRA). This paper proposes a system based on MRA and artificial intelligence techniques (AI) for tumour segmentation in DICOM images. The slowest parts of the proposed system have been accelerated using field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). Hardware implementation of Haar wavelet transform based factorization approach (HWTF) on reconfigurable hardware using distributed arithmetic (DA) principles is presented. The developed architecture can be integrated into a system for automatic detection and segmentation of tumour in positron emission tomography (PET) images.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126325441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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