Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)最新文献

{"title":"Should a 1% gradient be used to equate the metabolic cost between treadmill and overground running?","authors":"Mattia Nolé, Gian-Andri Baumann, Christina M. Spengler, F. Beltrami","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss064","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Running on a motorized treadmill offers the possibility of precise adjustments in speed as well as more complex monitoring of athletes. On the other hand, the lack of wind resistance compared with outdoor running introduces a possible significant deviation from the expected metabolic cost of running at higher speeds. The literature offers contrasting views on the topic, with older studies suggesting a lower metabolic cost for treadmill running and vice-versa for newer investigations. Nonetheless, a recommendation that treadmills use a 1% inclination gradient to account for the lack of wind resistance remains very influential in the field. We therefore investigated whether cardiorespiratory responses differ between running on a motorized treadmill with a 1% incline compared with running outdoors on a running track at a similar speed. \u0000Methods \u0000Fourteen highly trained male athletes (age 28 ± 5 years, height 180 ± 6 cm, body mass 70 ± 6 kg and peak oxygen consumption, V̇O2peak, 64 ± 4 mL kg-1･min-1) visited the laboratory on three different occasions, separated at least by 72 h. On the first day, participants performed an incremental running test to determine V̇O2peak and to familiarize themselves with the laboratory settings and equipment. On each of the two subsequent testing days, participants performed, after standardized warm-up, a 5-min run at 14 km･h-1 on either the treadmill (Pulsar It 3P, H/P Cosmos, Germany) or the track, in randomized order. Feedback regarding pacing on the track was given every 200 m. Gas exchange and heart rate were monitored throughout the runs using a portable metabolic cart (Metamax 3B, Cortex, Germany) and a connected heart rate monitor (Polar H10, Polar, Finland). In both conditions, the metabolic cart was carried by the participants using a vest provided by the manufacturer. Comparisons between conditions were performed using paired t-tests. A separate group of 4 individuals performed a set of two runs on the treadmill at 14 km･h-1 (in balanced order), once with 1% incline and once with 0% incline, to investigate the effect of the gradient on V̇O2. \u0000Results \u0000The results revealed a significant increase in the cardiorespiratory response on the treadmill compared with the track for V̇O2 (+12.6 ± 5.5%, p < 0.001, Dz = 2.6), heart rate (+5.5 ± 3.7%, p < 0.001, Dz = 1.5), and minute ventilation (+15.0 ± 0.1%, p < 0.001, Dz = 2.6). Data from the additional four participants showed that a 1% gradient increased V̇O2 by 4.4 ± 2.4% (p = 0.026) compared with a 0% gradient. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000This study shows that running on this particular treadmill model induces significantly higher cardiorespiratory responses compared with outdoor running, and that setting the incline to 1% significantly adds to this difference, instead of dampening it. These findings challenge the widely held assumption that treadmills should be set at 1% incline to yield equivalent cardiorespiratory responses to overground running. Each","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139858253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex related differences in neuromuscular fatiguability between prepubertal children and young adults","authors":"Romina Ledergerber, Eric Lichtenstein, Ralf Roth","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss058","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Prepubertal children compared to adults manifest neuromuscular differences in a lower voluntary activation and fatigability, as well as a potentially lesser use of larger motor units innervating fast-twitch-fibers (Dotan et al., 2012). While children tend to fatigue more on a central than peripheral level, these trends vary based on exercise modality and muscle group (Ratel et al., 2015; Souron et al., 2022). Furthermore, females incline to fatigue less than males, but research on sex differences in children remains limited (Hunter, 2014). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate neuromuscular age and sex differences in a sustained isometric contraction until failure. \u0000Methods \u000016 prepubertal children (9.2 ± 0.9y) and 16 adults (23.4 ± 2.4y; m = f) performed a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVCpre), a failure-task at 60%MVCpre, followed by another MVCpost of knee extensors. Surface electromyography for rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis muscles (VL) was analysed at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the individual time to failure (TTF). Linear models and Cohen’s d effect sizes were used to quantify age and sex differences of TTF, MVCpre-post, as well as root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MDF) of each muscle throughout the fatiguing trial. \u0000Results \u0000Trivial differences were observed in TTF across age, sex, and age*sex-interaction (d ≤ 0.78). Children displayed a larger decline in MVCpre-post (d = 1.24), whereas sex and age*sex interactions were minimal (d ≤ 0.63). \u0000Initially (0% TTF), children had a lower activation in RF, VL and VL (d > 1.32), whereas age-differences across the failure-task were found for RMS VL, MDF RF, VL and VM (d ≥ 0.15), with no prominent sex-differences (d ≤ 0.14). Sex*age-interaction yielded detectable results only in RMS VM (d = -0.36). \u0000Conclusion \u0000The lower ability to generate an MVCpost combined with a smaller change in EMG parameters in children could be due to more central rather than peripheral fatigue. This is also supported by the lower initial activation in adults, suggesting that larger, more fatigable motor units are initially preserved, which may not be available in children. \u0000The small to large effects in neuromuscular fatigability between age and sex groups indicate the need for more in-depth research (tracking of motor units, change of voluntary activation and twitch properties) particularly with regard to sex-related disparities. \u0000References \u0000Dotan, R., Mitchell, C., Cohen, R., Klentrou, P., Gabriel, D., & Falk, B. (2012). Child-adult differences in muscle activation—A review. Pediatric Exercise Science, 24(1), 2–21. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.24.1.2 \u0000Hunter, S. K. (2014). Sex differences in human fatigability: Mechanisms and insight to physiological responses. Acta Physiologica, 210(4), 768–789. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12234 \u0000Ratel, S., Kluka, V., Vicencio, S. G., Jegu, A.-G., Cardenoux, C., Morio, C., Coudeyre, E., & Martin, V. (2015","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It’s not just the heart: respiratory limitations to constant-load exercise in adult Fontan patients and potential implications for rehabilitation","authors":"Kyle G. P. J. M. Bolye, Patrick Schön, F. Beltrami, Matthias Greutmann, Christina M. Spengler","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss030","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Congenital heart defects may require surgical intervention such as the Fontan procedure that connects the systemic venous return to the pulmonary arteries. Although this procedure has increased survival, it results in reduced exercise capacity; which is reduced not only due to cardiovascular factors, but respiratory limitations as well. However, there is a lack of evidence outlining ventilatory limitations during constant-load exercise, which better represents exercise in cardiac rehabilitation programs and non-laboratory based exercise. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare responses to constant-load exercise in adult Fontan patients with those of healthy well-matched controls.\u0000Methods\u000014 adult Fontan patients (5F, 27 ± 6yrs) were recruited with 14 healthy matched controls. Participants performed forced vital capacity (FVC), as well as maximal inspiratory and and expiratory pressure  assessments (MIP and MEP, respectively). Patients performed an incremental cycling test (ICT) to exhaustion to determine peak work rate. Following a period of recovery, patients performed a constant-load cycling test (CLCT) at 70% of peak ICT work rate until exhaustion. Healthy subjects reproduced the exercise of their matched patient. Cardiorespiratory variables and heart rate (HR) were measured using a metabolic cart and a 12-lead electrocardiogram, respectively. Participants were asked to rate their perception of breathlessness and respiratory exertion via a visual analogue scale every 2 min and at peak exercise. Patients without cardiac pacemakers underwent involuntary assessments of respiratory muscle contractility via phrenic (n = 8) nerve magnetic stimulation before and following exercise to quantify respiratory muscle fatigue.\u0000Results\u0000Patients showed significantly reduced FVC, MIP and MEP compared to controls (all p < 0.025). Patients’ time-to-exhaustion during the CLCT was 7.1 ± 3.3 min. During CLCT vs. the ICT, patients reached maximal HR,  respiratory rate (fR), breathlessness, respiratory exertion, and leg exertion. End-exercise V̇O2 during the CLCT did not reach ICT values, with a mean difference of 1.5 ml/kg/min (p = 0.017). Controls did not reach peak ICT responses during the CLCT. During the CLCT, patients displayed significantly elevated minute ventilation (V̇E; mean difference = 21.5 L/min), fR (mean difference = 13.8 breaths-per-minute), breathlessness (mean difference = 3.4 points), and respiratory exertion (mean difference = 2.3 points), along with significantly decreased ventilatory reserve (V̇E/maximal voluntary ventilation; mean difference = 27.5%; all p < 0.002). Following the CLCT, Fontan patients showed a larger decrease in involuntary respiratory muscle contractility (15 ± 12% vs. 2 ± 11%). Finally, a decreased ventilatory reserve was significantly correlated with decreased MIP (r = 0.723, p = 0.003) and MEP (r = 0.623, p = 0.042).\u0000Discussion/Conclusion\u0000Fontan patients had a lower-than-expected time-to-exhaus","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation of the erythropoietin system in exhaustively exercise muscle relates to ACE gene polymorphism-modulated metabolic signalling and mitochondrial transcript expression","authors":"Martin Flück, Grégoire Mercier, Silvio Lorenzetti, Marie-Noëlle Giraud","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss042","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Introduction A fall in muscle oxygen saturation is a potent activator of mitochondrial biogenesis in exercised skeletal muscle which is subject to the training-modulated influence of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE-I/D; Gasser et al 2022) and may involve paracrine erythropoietin (EPO) signaling (Desplanches et al 2014, Nijholt et al 2021). We tested the hypothesis that erythropoietin expression and signaling in fatiguingly exercised muscle would correspond to the expression of hypoxia-regulated mitochondrial genes and altered metabolic signaling and would be subject to a genetic influence by ACE-I/D. \u0000Methods \u0000Methods 22 healthy, male white Caucasian men (27.0 +/- 1.4 years; BMI 23.6 +/- 0.6 kg m-2) completed a session of fatiguing one-legged exercise in the fasted state. Microbiopsies were collected from m. vastus lateralis of the non-exercised leg immediately before exercise, and ½, 3, and 8 hours thereafter from the exercising leg. Levels of the hypoxia-regulated cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoforms 1 and 2 (COX4I1 and COX4I2), ACE and EPO transcript, glycogen concentration in m. vastus lateralis, the ACE-I/D genotype and aerobic fitness state were assessed as described (Desplanches et al 2014; Gasser et al 2022). EPO protein concentration and phosphorylation of intracellular transducers of EPO signaling were quantified in muscle homogenates with validated enzyme-linked immune sorbent and a phospho-kinase assays. Effects and Pearson correlations were assessed with analysis of variance and declared significant at p < 0.05. \u0000Results \u0000One-legged exercise produced metabolic fatigue as indicated by the voluntary cessation of exercise and a reduced glycogen concentration in m. vastus lateralis in all subjects ½ hour after exercise (-0.044 mg mg-1). Concomitantly, EPO protein levels were 4-fold lowered; and subsequently increased 3-8 hours after cessation of exercise alike EPO transcripts levels. \u0000Aerobically fit ACE I-allele carriers demonstrated a sparing of muscle glycogen, exaggerated EPO transcript response, and higher phosphorylation levels of EPO signal transducers [STAT5a-Y694 (+31%), STAT5b-Y699 (+40%)]. The phosphorylation level of the metabolic signal transducer AMPKa2-T172 correlated to EPO transcript levels 3 hours post exercise (r = 0.61). EPO protein levels correlated to ACE and COX4I2 transcript levels (r = -0.79; -0.54). \u0000Discussion \u0000The findings highlight that a paracrine loop of metabolically-regulated EPO signaling exists in exercised human skeletal muscle which variability is associated with the ACE-I/D gene polymorphism in fair correspondence with a mitochondrial marker of local hypoxia. \u0000References \u0000Desplanches, D., Amami, M., Mueller, M., Hoppeler, H., Kreis, R., & Flück, M. (2014). Hypoxia refines plasticity of mitochondrial respiration to repeated muscle work. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114, 405-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2783-8 \u0000Ga","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Perceived Instrumental Effects of Maltreatment in Sport (PIEMS) scale: Translation, (cross-)validation, and short-form development of the German version","authors":"Laurie Schwab, Philipp Röthlin, Roberta Antonini Philippe, Stephan Horvath","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss070","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment are a factor explaining abuse in sports. The availability of a valid and reliable German scale measuring these beliefs is essential for a better understanding of the concept. This article introduces and validates the German version of the Perceived Instrumental Effects of Maltreatment in Sport scale (PIEMS-G-14). \u0000Methods \u0000Study 1 examines the translation and evaluation of the scale structure, the development of a short version (PIEMS-G-6), and both the full and short versions’ construct validity and reliability in a sample of youth sports coaches (n = 628). Studies 2 (n = 444) and 3 (n = 423) focus on cross-validating the structure of the PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 in two independent samples of youth sports coaches and provide further evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the scales. \u0000Results \u0000Despite a reduction in the number of items compared to the original instrument, the PIEMS-G-14 exhibited robust measurement capabilities. The PIEMS-G-6, also demonstrated promising psychometric properties in assessing coaches’ beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment. The reliability and validity of both the PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 were further supported by rigorous examination with two independent samples, providing compelling evidence of their construct validity. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000The PIEMS-G-14 and PIEMS-G-6 are suitable for use in assessing beliefs about the instrumental effects of maltreatment in German-speaking sports contexts.","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"43 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential and importance of exercise therapy in pediatric oncology – The PrepAIR study","authors":"F. Streckmann, C. Schindera, Oliver Faude, N. X. von der Weid","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss019","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Modern therapy has improved survival for children with cancer. However, treatment takes its toll. Children experience delays in motor development milestones such as walking, running, jumping or climbing, diminishing children’s quality of life and affecting their social reintegration. One side-effect of chemotherapy and crucial cause of the many dysfunctions is a peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Depending on the neurotoxic agent, 52%-100% of children are affected (Kandula et al. 2016). It causes severe symptoms such as loss of sensation, numbness, pain, absent reflexes as well as loss of balance control. It is also of high clinical relevance as it affects medical therapy. Additionally, recovery is poor and there are currently no treatment options (Loprinzi et al. 2020).\u0000Previous research has shown (Streckmann et al. 2022) promising results: Specific exercises can reduce symptoms of CIPN and improve patients’ quality of life. In our most recent study in adults, we were also able to prevent the onset of CIPN with clinical impact. We hypothesize that CIPN could be the root of many problems children experience during therapy. Our aim is to maintain relevant sensory and motor functions in children in order for them to receive their planned medical therapy and become fitter and socially better integrated survivors.\u0000Methods\u0000We are therefore currently running a large, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (Basel, Bern, Aarau, St. Gallen, Freiburg (D) and Berlin (D)), randomizing N = 131 children planned to receive a neurotoxic chemotherapy into an intervention group or a treatment as usual group and accompanying them throughout their oncological therapy. After therapy the control group will also be shown the training. Primary endpoint is the incidence of CIPN, secondary endpoints are postural control, dorsiflexion function, knee extension strength, lower limb power, walk to run transition time, CIPN-related pain, participation of exercise-related leisure activities, children’s’ physical self-concept and quality of life.\u0000Discussion/Conclusion\u0000We hypothesize that less children in the intervention group will develop symptoms of CIPN and will be able to maintain relevant motor and sensory functions which will enable them to receive their planned medical therapy but also to stay on the age-appropriate motor development level, improve their quality life and enhance social reintegration after therapy. This would show that specific exercise therapy is more than just a lifestyle intervention, it could be a therapy option without further side- effects, changing supportive care in oncology. This study will therefore contribute to our endeavors to implement exercise therapy in pediatric oncology long-term empowering patients to return to an active lifestyle and additionally reduce the risk of long-term secondary diseases.\u0000References\u0000Kandula, T., Park, S. B., Cohn, R. J., Krishnan, A. V., & Farrar, M. A (2016). Pediatric chemotherapy induced ","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voices of Swiss Paralympic athletes: Perspectives on mental health and well-being","authors":"Lucas Lüdi, Georg Pfarrwaller, Christian Imboden, Olivia Stoffel, Matthias Schlüssel, Andreas Heiniger, Birgit Kleim, N. Kiselev","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss013","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000The aim of this study is to provide an overview of Paralympic athletes’ views on mental health in a competitive sport context. Although research in the field of Paralympic sport has increased exponentially over the last two decades, mental health and its promotion have hardly been the subject of research so far (Claussen et al., 2022). Previous research shows that the practice of competitive sports influences the mental health of Paralympic athletes both positively and negatively (Swartz et al., 2019). Mental disorders are no exception, even in elite sports. Well-coordinated health care for the prevention and treatment of mental health challenges and mental disorders in elite sports is crucial for this purpose.\u0000Methods\u0000The methodological approach of the present study is based on a qualitative research design. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and their evaluation with the help of applied thematic analysis (Guest et al., 2012). For the interviews, 15 active, adult, Swiss elite Para athletes were recruited.\u0000Results\u0000The results suggest that athletic success, the athletic activity itself and an improvement in physical health can lead to an increase in mental well-being. On the other hand, athletic failure, pressure to perform, and physical problems can cause psychological stress and facilitate mental disorders. (Lüdi et al., 2023).\u0000Conclusion\u0000In particular, the coordinated handling of mental health challenges and mental disorders among Paralympic athletes seems to need improvement, especially regarding the use of sports psychiatry and psychotherapy services.\u0000References\u0000Claussen, M. C., Imboden, C., Raas, M. I., Hemmeter, U., Seifritz, E., & Hofmann, C. G. (2022). Sportpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie im Leistungssport – Interdisziplinäre und interprofessionelle Versorgung und Zusammenarbeit [Sports psychiatry in competitive sports – Interdisciplinary and interprofessional care and collaboration]. Praxis, 111(4), 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157/a003849\u0000Guest, G., MacQueen, K., & Namey, E. (2012). Applied Thematic Analysis. SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483384436\u0000Lüdi, L., Pfarrwaller, G., Imboden, C., Stoffel, O., Schlüssel, M., Heiniger, A., Kleim, B., & Kiselev, N. (2023). Perspectives on mental health and well-being: Voices of Swiss paralympic athletes. Sports Psychiatry: Journal of Sports and Exercise Psychiatry. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1024/2674-0052/a000057\u0000Swartz, L., Hunt, X., Bantjes, J., Hainline, B., & Reardon, C. L. (2019). Mental health symptoms and disorders in Paralympic athletes: A narrative review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(12), 737-740. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100731","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"2 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of students towards the use of video-based media in physical education","authors":"Anne-Christin Roth, Maik Beege","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss067","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000The importance of teachers’ attitudes regarding the use of technology and media in schools and classrooms gains more recognition in the development of their professional competence. However, students often still hold limited views about digital media in educational settings. This limited perspective is likely due to the significant increase in media usage over the past two decades. It’s assumed that students also desire to use media for learning purposes, which is particularly questionable in the subject of physical education, where physical activity is of central importance. Therefore, understanding students' attitudes toward media use, both inside and outside of school, is crucial, and it's a focal point of media educational efforts. To comprehensively study this, the social-psychological construct of attitude, with its cognitive, affective, and behavioral components, is considered (Zimbardo & Gerrig, 1996). Key questions revolve around characterizing student attitudes toward media use in physical education, identifying relationships between attitude components, and determining external factors that can promote positive attitudes. \u0000Methods \u0000Following the Technology Acceptance Model (Park, 2009), a questionnaire was developed to assess attitudes and validated through a survey of eighth-grade students (N = 202). External variables, cognitive attitude, affective attitude, and behavioral attitude dimensions were examined as separate aspects. These dimensions were refined and validated through reliability analysis and factor analyses. Using these validated scales and collected data, a structural equation model was created to illustrate the relationships between external factors and attitudinal dimensions. \u0000Results \u0000The proposed model demonstrated satisfactory fit to the data (RMSEA = .06; χ2/df ratio = 1.72; CFI = 0.90). The findings indicate that the use of media in physical education and the related self-efficacy in using media have a positive impact on the cognitive aspect of attitude. However, the cognitive component of attitude does not directly influence the intention to use media in physical education. Instead, positive evaluations of media use mediate the relationship between the cognitive component and the intention to use media. The intention to use media in physical education is primarily increased through positive affective evaluations. \u0000Conclusion \u0000A negative attitude toward using media in physical education can be attributed to a lack of access and insufficient self-efficacy in utilizing it. Therefore, interventions at both the student and teacher levels should focus on effectively introducing the benefits of media-supported physical education, with the goal of enhancing self-efficacy and reducing negative attitudes. This model will be further validated at the teacher level in subsequent studies to identify external factors suitable for targeted interventions. \u0000References \u0000Park, S. Y. (2009). An analysis of the Technology","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"329 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity intensity classification during activities of daily living in older adults using accelerometers: Is the ear the new wrist?","authors":"Jan Stutz, Philipp Eichenberger, Chiara Oetiker, Sacha Huber, Isabel Hirzel, Christina M. Spengler","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss076","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Accurate measurement of physical activity (PA) in older adults is important, both in health research and personalized prevention. Accelerometers, used to overcome the limitations of self-reporting, were initially worn on the hips, but are increasingly worn on the non-dominant wrist. While this can improve wear compliance, the accuracy of PA intensity classification can be compromised. Given the high prevalence of mild to severe hearing loss in the older population, this study explores a novel approach: integrating an accelerometer into a hearing aid (ear sensor). We aimed to assess its accuracy and compare it to research-grade sensors worn at different locations. \u0000Methods 60 middle-aged to older adults (64.0 ± 8.0 years, 48% women) were included in this study. Each subject performed 12-13 different activities, which were pseudo-randomly selected from a list of 33 activities of daily living. Each activity lasted 8 min and included sedentary activities (e.g., lying, playing cards) low-intensity activities (e.g., hanging laundry), activities of changing intensity or without physical displacement (e.g., yoga, squats), indoor activities related to locomotion (e.g., walking, running), outdoor activities (e.g., walking uphill, cycling), and activities with aids (e.g., walking with a stroller). Oxygen consumption was measured via indirect calorimetry and used to classify activity intensity into sedentary behavior (SB, metabolic equivalent of task [MET] < 1.5), light intensity PA (LPA, 1.5 ≤ MET < 3.0), or moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA, MET ≥ 3.0). The ear sensor was placed behind the left ear, while the research-grade sensors were placed on both wrists and ankles, on the hip, chest, and forehead. Estimation of PA intensity classes was done using mean amplitude deviations and ROC analyses. Contingency tables were used to determine classification accuracy. \u0000Results \u0000Overall accuracy of the ear sensor was 82.6%, performing better than both wrists (left 81.1%, right 76.0%) and both ankles (left 81.1%, right 81.9%), but worse than the forehead (83.6%), hip (85.6%) and the chest (85.9%). ROC analyses show that all sensors can effectively discriminate between sedentary vs. non-sedentary activities (AUC 0.97-0.98, exception ankles: AUC 0.95-0.96) and between MVPA vs. other (AUC 0.96-0.97, exception wrists: AUC 0.89-0.92). \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000This study is the first to show that an accelerometer integrated into a hearing aid can accurately classify PA intensity and differentiate MVPA and sedentary behavior in older adults. It also confirms previous investigations showing that wrist-worn sensors – although increasingly being used to monitor PA – are less effective in capturing MVPA compared to sensors worn closer to the center of mass (including the head/ear in our study). Although the optimal wear site in older adults is a subject of ongoing debate, our data shows that a sensor integrated into a hearing aid offers a promising balance o","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"162 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across lifespan in adults across European countries: Background and design","authors":"Roksana Shiran, Claudio R. Nigg","doi":"10.36950/2024.2ciss072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36950/2024.2ciss072","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Regular physical activity (PA) has benefits for health throughout the lifespan. PA benefits musculoskeletal, cardio metabolic health, and overall well-being (Kapoor et al., 2022). However, data from 2017 shows that about 55-83% of women and 47-74% of men from European countries (EU) do not meet these guidelines (Lübs et al,. 2018). Moreover, adults at the age of 40-54 (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.52-0.81) and 55-64 (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.49-0.77) are less likely to have moderate or high levels of PA in comparison with those 18-24 years of age. (Nikitara et al., 2021). Sedentary behavior (SB) including activities such as watching television, playing computer games, browsing the internet has increased (Wang et al., 2019). Canada has an established track record in the development of 24-hour movement guidelines on PA, SB, and sleep. They have previously release guidelines for all age groups. Following Canada’s lead, several jurisdictions including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa have incorporated the 24-hour movement concepts (Tremblay, 2020).  There is a lack of data for 24-hour behavior guideline in the European context. There are no specific recommendations on SB and sleep. Therefore, this project will present the background, methods and design of a 24-hour movement summary of behaviors (PA, SB and sleep) in Europe. \u0000Methods \u0000We will utilize existing PA, SB and sleep data from the World Health Organization on European adults 18+. Analysis using mean, median, and 95% confidence Intervals, will be complemented by frequency distributions and histograms. These will be stratified by age and sex subgroups for a more comprehensive overview. \u0000Results \u0000The findings from this research have the potential to  inform surveillance efforts, shape policies and public health strategies, improve overall well-being, and contribute to the development of evidence-based guidelines. \u0000Discussion/Conclusion \u0000Implications of this research may inform researchers on further questions to pursue, policy makers in resource allocation, and practitioners on where to focus intervention efforts. \u0000References \u0000Kapoor, G., Chauhan, P., Singh, G., Malhotra, N., & Chahal, A. (2022). Physical activity for health and fitness: Past, present and future. Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 12(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.15280/jlm.2022.12.1.9 \u0000Lübs, L., Peplies, J., Drell, C., & Bammann, K. (2018). Cross-sectional and longitudinal factors influencing physical activity of 65 to 75-year-olds: A pan European cohort study based on the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE). BMC Geriatrics, 18, Article 94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0781-8 \u0000Nikitara, K., Odani, S., Demenagas, N., Rachiotis, G., Symvoulakis, E. K., & Vardavas, C. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity in adults across 28 European countries. European Journal of Public Health, 31(4), 840-845. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab067 \u0000Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Introducing 24-hour movemen","PeriodicalId":415194,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139800629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}