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Old Irish etymology through the ages 古往今来的古爱尔兰语源
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1706130
D. Stifter
{"title":"Old Irish etymology through the ages","authors":"D. Stifter","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1706130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1706130","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The etymological study of Early Irish began in the Old Irish period (c. 700‒900 a.d.), under the influence of Isidore of Seville’s Etymologiae, and, because of its flexible hermeneutic potential, it enjoyed great popularity in the middle and early modern periods. It is only with the rise of modern comparative linguistics, especially of Indo-European linguistics in the second half of the 19th century, that the art of Irish etymology attained scholarly rigour. Over the past 150 years, paradigm shifts in Indo-European studies (laryngeal theory, accent/ablaut classes of inflection, derivational morphology) and the development of modern technology (digitisation of texts, e.g. eDIL, ISOS) have repeatedly chang-ed the methods and the course of Irish etymological studies. The impact of some of these external factors will be illustrated with examples.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1706130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47890865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Comparative linguistics in seventh-century Ireland: De origine scoticae linguae 七世纪爱尔兰的比较语言学:起源语言学
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1706129
Pádraic Moran
{"title":"Comparative linguistics in seventh-century Ireland: De origine scoticae linguae","authors":"Pádraic Moran","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1706129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1706129","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT De origine scoticae linguae (DOSL, also known as ‘O’Mulconry’s Glossary’) is an etymological glossary dating from around the late-seventh or early-eighth century. It discusses the origins of about 884 Irish words, very often deriving them from Latin, Greek or Hebrew. As such it represents the earliest etymological study of any European vernacular language. Despite this, however, the text has to date been almost completely ignored for its significance in the history of linguistics. This article analyses the authors’ methods, particularly with regard to the semantic and formal components of etymologies, and argues that the text shows considerable coherence, both internally and in relation to its sources and models in the Graeco-Roman linguistic tradition. It argues that DOSL is a serious work of scholarship that represents a milestone in the historical development of comparative linguistics.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1706129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44645642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Correction 修正
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1664832
Filip Vesdin, Ivan Andrijanić, Petra Matović
{"title":"Correction","authors":"Filip Vesdin, Ivan Andrijanić, Petra Matović","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1664832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1664832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1664832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43781842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Filip Vesdin and the comparison of Sanskrit with Iranian and Germanic languages 菲利普·韦斯丁与梵语与伊朗语、日耳曼语的比较
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-08-27 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1649855
Ivan Andrijanić, Petra Matović
{"title":"Filip Vesdin and the comparison of Sanskrit with Iranian and Germanic languages","authors":"Ivan Andrijanić, Petra Matović","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1649855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1649855","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Filip Vesdin, known by his monastic name Paulinus a Sancto Bartholomaeo (1748–1806), was a Carmelite missionary stationed from 1776 to 1789 in Southwestern India. Vesdin authored an impressive opus of 32 books and smaller treatises on Brahmanic religion and customs, oriental manuscripts and antiques collections, language comparison and missionary history. This article focuses on the field of language comparison, principally on Vesdin’s book De antiquitate et affinitate linguae Zendicae, Samscrdamicae, et Germanicae dissertatio (= Dissertation on the Antiquity and the Affinity of the Zend, Sanskrit, and Germanic Languages), published in Rome in 1798. In this rather short treatise (56 pages), the most important part consists of three word-lists where a large number of words from Avestan, Sanskrit and Germanic languages are compared in order to prove that these languages are related. The paper presents Vesdin’s three word-lists together with a description and evaluation of his views on the relationships between these languages in order to highlight his significance in the history of comparative and historical linguistics. The paper also provides new insights into the relationship of De antiquitate to Vesdin’s later proto-linguistic treatise, De Latini sermonis origine (1802). Abbreviations Av.: Avestan; Guj.: Gujaratī; IIr.: Indo-Iranian; Lat.: Latin; Malab.: Malabaricum (Vesdin’s term for Malayāḷam); Malay.: Malayāḷam; MHG: Middle High Germa; NHG: New High German; NP: New Persian; OAv.: Old Avestan; OFris.: Old Frisian; OHG: Old High German; OSax.: Old Saxon; Pahl.: Pahlavi; PG: Proto Germanic; PIE: Proto Indo-European; Skt.: Sanskrit; YAv.: Young Avestan","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1649855","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47597971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Primary school modern language teaching in England 1964-2014: the legacy of the Burstall Report 英国小学现代语言教学1964-2014:伯斯顿报告的遗产
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1649853
S. Bayley
{"title":"Primary school modern language teaching in England 1964-2014: the legacy of the Burstall Report","authors":"S. Bayley","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1649853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1649853","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Nuffield/Schools Council Pilot Scheme of the mid-1960s to 70s was the first concerted effort to teach a modern language in the primary schools of England. The results of this experiment were published in the final Burstall Report (1974), which concluded that teaching French to eight-to-eleven year olds was not feasible given the available resources. Therefore, the Pilot Scheme was written off as a failure. This study suggests that, far from failing, the Scheme prepared the ground and planted the seeds of today’s successful primary modern language teaching (PMLT). In viewing the Scheme in retrospect through the lens of current developments, it becomes apparent that its innovations shape much of present practice. Its use of classroom teachers, principle of inclusiveness, and introduction of technology into the modern language classroom are some examples. Moreover, its identification of major obstacles to good PMLT led to the fashioning of a new ethos which harmonises it with the Progressive philosophy of primary education.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1649853","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48846070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconstructed forms in the Roman writers on language 罗马语言作家的重构形式
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-08-24 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1649856
N. Zair
{"title":"Reconstructed forms in the Roman writers on language","authors":"N. Zair","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1649856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1649856","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ancient writers on the Latin language had the concept of ‘reconstruction’ of words which existed in earlier stages of the language. In some ways this was similar to modern notions of reconstruction, in others different. In this article I show how writers subsequent to Varro continued to use concepts of relationships of sounds between older and classical Latin, and between Latin and other languages, to come up with their reconstructions. I will also show that these reconstructions could be considered to have once existed, to the extent that they could be treated as real words in lexica.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1649856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47014399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teaching language to a boy born deaf: the Popham notebook and associated texts 教一个天生失聪的男孩语言:波普姆笔记本和相关文本
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-08-09 DOI: 10.1353/sls.2019.0008
William T. Ennis
{"title":"Teaching language to a boy born deaf: the Popham notebook and associated texts","authors":"William T. Ennis","doi":"10.1353/sls.2019.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sls.2019.0008","url":null,"abstract":"David Cram and Jaap Maat’s Teaching Language to a Boy Born Deaf: The Popham Notebook and Associated Texts is an incisive and thoroughly researched book on the education of Alexander Popham, born de...","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/sls.2019.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48571575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Education through the study of English: Yoshisaburô Okakura as a conservative reformer 通过英语学习的教育:Yoshisaburô冈仓作为一个保守的改革者
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1641959
Kohei Uchimaru
{"title":"Education through the study of English: Yoshisaburô Okakura as a conservative reformer","authors":"Kohei Uchimaru","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1641959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1641959","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article advances understanding of Yoshisaburô Okakura (1868–1936), the doyen of English teaching in early twentieth-century Japan, by examining his evaluations of European language teaching methods. Okakura expressed doubt towards the Natural Method and preferred the Reform Method in terms of school education. However, Okakura was more conservative than the Reform Movement theorists, as he was in favour of the use of the mother tongue and literary language as an important educational principle. His educational views were implemented in his teaching practice in the pioneering Radio English Course that he produced from 1925 onwards.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1641959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42848147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The roots of bilingual education in China: the educational practices of Fujian Naval College in the late Qing period, 1866-1911 中国双语教育的根源:清末福建海军学院1866-1911年的教育实践
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1641955
Xuanzhi Shi
{"title":"The roots of bilingual education in China: the educational practices of Fujian Naval College in the late Qing period, 1866-1911","authors":"Xuanzhi Shi","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1641955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1641955","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present article seeks to fill a scholarly gap in the early history of bilingual education (Chinese and foreign languages) in China by investigating the educational practices of Fujian Naval College, the premier naval college in late imperial China (1840–1911), with a focus on the curriculum design in the college. Based on a variety of primary sources such as memorials to the throne, imperial edicts and education reports, this article informs us of a crucial but surprisingly overlooked historical episode of bilingual education in China. It also enhances our understanding of the subtle entanglements of education, culture and politics in China during the second half of the 19th century. The findings show how bilingual education emerged in China’s government colleges, and how deep-rooted Confucianism could be compatible with modern science knowledge in the bilingual curriculum. The bilingual education in Fujian Naval College achieved a dual objective of transferring modern technical expertise to China and maintaining Chinese cultural identity, which exerted a considerable impact on the promotion of multilingualism in China.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1641955","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45603796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teaching ‘correct’ Latin in late antique Rome 在古罗马晚期教授“正确的”拉丁语
IF 0.5 3区 文学
Language & History Pub Date : 2019-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1641936
F. Foster
{"title":"Teaching ‘correct’ Latin in late antique Rome","authors":"F. Foster","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2019.1641936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1641936","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Roman grammatici taught formal registers of Latin language through reading Latin poets. By late antiquity, there was an ever widening gap between ‘correct’ formal Latin and the language which students used in daily contexts. Equally, the texts used in schools were centuries old and written in highly contrived literary registers. In addition, students at even the most traditional and elite schools in Rome may well have come from all over the empire, and were not necessarily native Latin speakers. One grammaticus, the late antique teacher and writer Servius (fl. 390–410), has left a vast commentary which indicates some of the approaches he used in teaching ‘correct’ Latin usage. We can tell, from his commentary, the linguistic difficulties his students seem to have encountered with Latin. In this paper, I examine how Servius addressed multiple purposes: reading Latin verse, daily communication and ‘correct’ formal Latin. I show instances in which Servius addresses students of differing linguistic backgrounds, although he only uses the target language in his Commentary, and perhaps in his classroom.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2019.1641936","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41950735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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