FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY最新文献

{"title":"Hull 2017 UK City of Culture: A Public History Analysis","authors":"Alexander Angus","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2277611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2277611","url":null,"abstract":"This research has focused on understanding how effectively Hull 2017 UK City of Culture incorporated public history into its programme. This has been determined in context to the characteristics of...","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138524127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Romantic Pursuits? Rethinking Courtship in Georgian Wales","authors":"A. Muir","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2230730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2230730","url":null,"abstract":"Existing histories of courtship in the long eighteenth century typically focus on it as a step on the road to marriage, exploring the rituals and emotions involved, or the consequences of frustrated courtship, such as breach of promise cases of illegitimacy. Few consider the immediate risks for unmarried women associated with courtship customs that allow or encourage premarital sex. Historians of sexual violence have identified these risks, but they rarely feature in histories of courtship. Using records from the Court of Great Sessions, this article explores the limited but tangible evidence of conjugal courtship customs in Georgian Wales, often referred to as ‘bundling’ or ‘courtship at night’. It then interrogates records of murder and sexual assault associated with courtship to examine the blurred lines between rape and seduction, which in Wales were further complicated by courtship practices that created additional vulnerabilities for women.","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"137 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45926379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genealogies of Enslavement and Convictism: Family Histories and Their Legacies in Barbados, Mauritius, and Australia","authors":"Clare Anderson, T. Birch, Nicolas Couronne, Sharon Cox, Carrie Crockett, Lorraine Paterson","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2230731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2230731","url":null,"abstract":"This roundtable places academics and family historians together in research and dialogue to co-produce and publish shared knowledge about the past. Focusing on histories of empire, enslavement, and penal transportation in Barbados, Mauritius, and Australia, we offer this format as an equitable alternative to an academic article written by professional scholars with acknowledgement of genealogists’ research and insights. Focusing on Britain’s penal transportation of enslaved, or formerly enslaved, peoples in the past and the aftermaths of these histories now, we highlight negotiations of history, experiences, and identities in writing about the British empire and its legacies.","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"111 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47393871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Reviews","authors":"D. Hunter","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2230720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2230720","url":null,"abstract":"Anyone who researches their family or community history should be well aware that many of our ancestors were highly mobile. They moved around the British Isles and also across the world, especially to North America, Australia and New Zealand. What may not be so immediately apparent is the fact that there was also a substantial movement of migrant labour from Britain to continental Europe in the nineteenth century. In this wellresearched and readable book, Fabrice Bensimon documents and explains the relatively under-researched history of labour migration from Britain to France, Germany and elsewhere in Europe. He also demonstrates the way in which the industrialised British economy was closely integrated with the then less-industrialised continental economy through the movement of labour, ideas, inventions and trade. Not only does this history reveal a neglected aspect of labour migration history, but it also seems especially pertinent in the current post-Brexit era. An introductory chapter sets out the aims of the volume, the sources and methods used, and also provides a brief outline of the remaining chapters. Bensimon then explores the political economy of labour migration from Britain to continental Europe, explaining how the restrictions imposed in the wake of the Napoleonic wars were gradually removed and negotiated. A case study of lace making illustrates these points. Although the number of British workers in France was never high, they were sought after and received higher wages because of their greater skill and industrial experience compared to French workers at the time. Most labour migrants did not stay in Europe for more than three to five years, and Bensimon argues that movement across the channel should be viewed as just another component of the British migration system. The second substantive chapter foregrounds a number of British industrialists who established enterprises in continental Europe. These investments were wide ranging, including in iron manufacture, cotton, woollens, flax, mining and railways. They brought with them new British machinery and the skilled workers to operate the machines. Although most such migrants were adult males, chapter three focuses on migrant women and children. Female and child labour was used in many of the textile industries, though usually in much less skilled and more poorly paid roles than those men occupied. In essence in industries such as lace making, the organisation of work that existed in France almost precisely mirrored that found in the same industry in Britain. A lack of language skills is today often cited as a reason why many British workers have been reluctant to seek employment outside English-speaking countries, and nineteenth-century labour migrants faced exactly the same barriers. However, although few spoke either French or German before they migrated,","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"175 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46660496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIT OBJECTS of BENEFICENCE: CHARITY, INSANITY AND THE MIDDLE-CLASS CAUSE IN MID-VICTORIAN ENGLAND","authors":"Cathy Smith","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2230729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2230729","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores Victorian concerns about the middle-class insane after the 1845 Lunacy Acts which promoted rate-supported provision for pauper lunatics. Calls for appropriate and affordable care for those of middle-class status grew after 1845 and encompassed public, charitable and private initiatives. A key priority was to ensure that insanity did not pauperise those from the middle class but also that they could access support without losing their sense of independence and respectability. This usually meant there was an expectation that those from the middle class would contribute to the cost of care and not be totally reliant on the charity of others. The article finishes by looking at how one charitable hospital, the Northampton General Lunatic Asylum (later renamed St Andrew’s Hospital) developed and accommodated appropriate charitable support for the middle-class insane.","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"154 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47147512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book reviews","authors":"D. Hunter","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2210406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2210406","url":null,"abstract":"Although it is estimated that, in 1900, about ten per cent of the population were ‘attached’ (2) to temperance, and most communities had anti-drink campaigns, the literature which aimed to recruit and maintain adherents and promote change has received less critical attention than writings associated with another major Victorian working-class movement, Chartism. Through a focus on seven major temperance authors McAllister evaluates how their writing and teaching resources provided opportunities for sociable activities, mass entertainment and the performance of communal drama and song. Chronologically structured covering 1840-1930 and built on a study of personal papers and a reading of a wide range of numerous temperance materials, each chapter is an assessment of a single author’s ‘writing as political or social activism’ (1). McAllister outlines how these individuals coped with problems associated with poverty and drink and fashioned careers built on prolific contributions to high-circulation temperance periodicals. Although cultural studies theories are largely marginalised, references to academic studies of temperance are woven into the text and the biographies are informed by literary criticism and framed by accounts of publishing practices, notions of branding across genres and print distribution. They are also contextualised as contributions to a vibrant temperance culture which included the hundred bells of the Holdfast Temperance Campanologists, Manchester’s 3,000-seat Temperance Theatre and the thousands of Band of Hope singers. McAllister provides nuanced guidance to fiction ‘routinely dismissed as formulaic’ (29) noting how material written by temperance women tended to depict women as ingenious and quick-witted and male authors frequently presented women as victims. While keeping the temperance community at the centre, McAllister charts political changes. Most of the subjects were also public speakers and editors and connected to other campaigns including vegetarianism and ragged schools. One was a Guardian. In 1837 Clara Lucas Balfour criticised Owenism in ‘Common Sense versus Socialism’ (22). Reflecting shifting attitudes towards workers’ organisations, in 1907 Alfred Glasspool’s ‘social problem’ (116) novel, Charlie Wilson’s Prophecy involved an inn being transformed into a temperance club after it began to serve soup to impoverished strikers. Mary Magdalen Forrester (1859-1934) connected drink to ‘political poetry’ (155) promoting radicalism, votes for women, Home Rule and opposing cruel fashion and the Boer War. Initially stories tended to focus on ‘disasters’ (29) resultant from drinking and although temperance proponents continued to claim teetotalism saved money,","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"92 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44209942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractured Courtships in Britain in the Long Nineteenth-Century","authors":"S. King","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2205740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2205740","url":null,"abstract":"In this article I use a dataset which spans three broad source types – poor law records, coronial records, and forms of life-writing including memoirs – to understand the scale of fractured courtships in the long nineteenth century. Having established that ordinary people experienced failed courtships more often than we have supposed, I look (using whole corpus approaches and individual case studies) at the causative variables standing behind failed courtships, at the way that writers linguistically construct their relationships and at the character of courtship in this period. Ultimately, I show that courtship was a messy and fragile business, but that failure was for nineteenth century young people not as life defining as it might have been before this. Emotional containment, resilience and reinvention had become key motifs in this period.","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"27 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42153932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Train them in Habits of Morality’: Did Boarding out Deter Poor Law Children from Getting Married?","authors":"Rachel Pimm-Smith","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2205738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2205738","url":null,"abstract":"How prevalent was marriage for children who were removed from their birth community by the poor law authorities? This article investigates whether children who experienced intervention from the Islington poor law authorities during the late nineteenth century were deterred from marrying and having children as adults. To answer these questions two samples of children were assembled and traced through various records. The first sample consisted of children who were sent to foster homes in rural communities and the second consisted of siblings of the first group who were not boarded out. Although the sample sizes were relatively small due to the extensive archival research needed to answer these questions, the analysis suggests there is a possibility that relocation had an impact on marital formation and childbearing but did not necessarily sever a child’s connection to their birth community. Children who were boarded out were less likely to marry, or have children, compared to those who stayed in Islington. However, they often retained strong connections to their birth community and/or biological family members. This article also explores instances of irregular family arrangements including illegitimate births, possible cohabitation, marital separation and one instance of a potentially bigamous marriage.","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"6 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49271265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘An Exceedingly Painful Case’: The Aftermath of Divorce in Mid-Nineteenth Century England and Wales","authors":"J. Aston","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2205737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2205737","url":null,"abstract":"Research into the Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 has revealed surprising and unexpected findings, particularly surrounding the accessibility of the Divorce Courts, and the relatively slow uptake of English and Welsh couples who sought to legally dissolve their unions. The aftermath of this process – when the dust of the court room had settled and the litigation was (one way or another) complete – has received significantly less attention, with our knowledge of post-divorce life limited predominately to brief discussion of remarriage statistics. This article uses divorce petitions, census returns, probate records, newspaper reports, and parish records, to reconstruct five case studies to explore what happened to couples after their divorce petitions had been heard and a judgment made. Although in some cases divorce could represent a distinct end point in a relationship and the start of a new stage of the lifecycle, for others an appearance before the Divorce Court was a further step in a longer series of litigation, as well as an event that continued to exert influence on their socio-economic opportunities and prospects. These case studies reveal important new information about how individual understanding of the law influenced the decision-making processes of the men and women whose marriages had ended and indicate the wealth of research waiting to be carried out.","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"71 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49450977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction","authors":"R. Probert","doi":"10.1080/14631180.2023.2205735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631180.2023.2205735","url":null,"abstract":"Marriage is rarely far from the headlines. The regular publication of official statistics on how many weddings and divorces have occurred invariably generates media speculation as to the reasons underlying any increase or decrease. The tone might range from handwringing to gleeful, depending on the commentator’s political hue. When evaluating the number of couples divorcing, the historical time frame employed is generally very short, often simply referring back to the number of divorces in the corresponding quarter of the previous year. The number entering into marriage, by contrast, is usually compared with earlier decades and centuries, one common narrative being that the number of marriages recorded in England and Wales in any given year is the lowest since the Victorian period. Such comparisons are facilitated by the availability of national-level statistics on weddings from July 1837, as a result of the introduction of civil registration of births, marriages, and deaths by the Births and Deaths Registration Act 1836. They are also facilitated by the fact that the legal framework governing how couples can marry remains, in essence, that established by the Marriage Act 1836. From the start of July 1837, couples could, as previously, choose to get married in their parish church or, if they were Quakers or Jews, according to their own specific usages. Alternatively, they could marry in a place of worship that had been registered for weddings under the 1836 Act, or in the office of one of the newly appointed superintendent registrars. That continuity means that at a glance we can see the slow decline of weddings taking place in the Anglican church, the tiny number of Jewish and Quaker weddings, the rise and fall of the number of weddings taking place in registered places of worship, and the steady increase of weddings taking place in register offices. It also enables us to pinpoint the key factor in the more dramatic move away from religious weddings in recent decades, namely the introduction of the option of having a civil wedding in more attractive locations. Yet the statistics can only take us so far in understanding either the present or the past. Even in their most detailed incarnation in the mid-nineteenth century, the annual reports of the Registrar-General tell us relatively little about who got married, and even less about why they did so, or why they chose a particular type of wedding. This special issue on marriage in Victorian England seeks to cast new light on these questions by using a variety of different sources. The issue opens with Rachel Pimm-Smith’s article exploring the prevalence of marriage among people who as children had been removed from their birth community by the poor law authorities in late-Victorian England. For Victorian social","PeriodicalId":41391,"journal":{"name":"FAMILY & COMMUNITY HISTORY","volume":"26 1","pages":"2 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44961835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}