K. Matsuda, S. Sugishita, Zheng Xu, K. Kondo, Hisashi Sato, S. Shimada
{"title":"Freehand sketch system for 3D geometric modelling","authors":"K. Matsuda, S. Sugishita, Zheng Xu, K. Kondo, Hisashi Sato, S. Shimada","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634882","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces a new method to deal with sketches for inputting geometric models at a workstation. The sketches are drawn on a CRT screen through a stylus pencil and a tablet by a designer at an early stage in the design procedure. The designer can keep the drawing stylus at a workstation as the same manner as using a pen on paper. The system 'Sketch Interpreter' can correct geometric models in a computer even though input sketches are geometrically distorted. This system can create 3D geometric models in a computer even though input data of 2D sketches are drawn by freehand. The system is constructed in terms of three characteristic procedures on a workstation with a pointing device; (1) to recognize hand sketches on the screen. Freehand lines are drawn by pen operations from which a computer can construct a 3D geometric model. The first operation computes mathematical parameters for the projective transformation; (2) to construct additional geometric models by inputting more sketches drawn perspectively; and (3) to redraw modified geometric models replacing the sketch lines. The interactive methods are suitable for realistically constructing any geometric shapes that a designer imagines. Created data are transferred to an advanced 3D-CAD system. The system is applied as a front-end processor of design practice in fields such as office equipment.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128238167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recognizing three-dimensional shapes while measuring them","authors":"Y. Shinagawa, H. Hioki, Jun Morimoto, T. Kunii","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634894","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a system that recognizes three dimensional (3D) objects while measuring them. The system consists of a liquid crystal (LC) projector and a video camera. Our system can be applied to moving objects. The system itself can also move while measuring the objects to obtain the data of a whole scene. In our system, range data is registered on the fly.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122223013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental study on acceleration of an exact-arithmetic geometric algorithm","authors":"K. Sugihara","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634893","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a method for accelerating an exact arithmetic geometric algorithm. The exact arithmetic is one of the most promising approaches for making numerically robust geometric algorithms, because it enables us to always judge the topological structures of objects correctly and thus makes us free from inconsistency. However, exact arithmetic costs much more time than floating point arithmetic. In order to decrease this cost, the paper studies a hybrid method using both exact and floating point arithmetic. For each judgement in the algorithm, floating point arithmetic is first applied, and exact arithmetic is used only when the floating point computation is not reliable. This idea is applied to the construction of three dimensional convex hulls, and experiments show that 80/spl sim/95% of the computational cost can be saved.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129668664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shape abstraction tools for modeling complex objects","authors":"B. Falcidieno, M. Spagnuolo","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634878","url":null,"abstract":"Shape is a very important way of perceiving and reasoning about the world. The authors introduce some considerations about shape representation and abstraction tools and their interaction with analysis and synthesis processes. A generic architecture for shape-based modelling is also outlined. The concepts discussed in the first part of the article are also exemplified through the description of some significant applications developed at the Istituto per la Matematica Applicata.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128372238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shape integration of multi stereo images using surveyed points for an archaeological site","authors":"Maki Nagano, Kosuke Sato, K. Chihara","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634891","url":null,"abstract":"Proposes a new method for reconstructing complete 3D shapes and colors of outdoor objects, especially of archaeological sites, as a reconstructed 3D image can be useful for archaeological research. The method integrates two kinds of data: (1) partial surfaces (inaccurate object surfaces with color information which are obtained by stereogrammetry, each of which has its local geometry fixed on the roughly calibrated stereo cameras), and (2) surveyed points (sampled points whose 3D coordinate values are represented with the world geometry and accurately measured by a sensor). The authors focused on fitting the partial surfaces to the surveyed points, and adopted adjustment processes which contained two feedback loops. The method is applied to an outdoor 3D measurement of the Kamaato archaeological site.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130691758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Warping as a modelling tool for CSG/implicit models","authors":"B. Wyvill, C. V. Overveld","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634898","url":null,"abstract":"Freeform deformations are useful for describing a class of complex motions within an animation system. Such deformations have been described using a generalization of parametric surfaces and their application to modeling is well documented. We present a method that can be applied to implicit surfaces which are defined as an iso surface around a set of skeletal elements. The resulting surface is approximated by a polygon mesh. Shape distortions, such as \"squash and stretch\" are applied automatically to models in motion by warping the space in which the models exist. A model will change its shape as the function defining the warped space can change over time or the model will deform as it moves through the warped space. Our system also treats groups of skeletal implicit primitives as CSG primitives. Warping can also be applied to these primitives. Different warp functions, for example bend, taper and twist can be applied locally or globally, the contribution from each primitive is calculated using a set of warp functions associated with that primitive. The interesting shapes, and possibly nonlinear motion obtained from space warping, would be difficult to reproduce using other techniques.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126806068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visual modeling of stomach growth on the basis of L-systems","authors":"R. Durikovic, K. Kaneda, H. Yamashita","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634889","url":null,"abstract":"A parametric L-system (Lindenmayer system) is developed to model the growth and structure changes of human stomach over the time starting in the third week and going on into week four of human embryo development. The model takes into account what is known about embryo movement during growth. The framework uses the formalism of L-systems with constructs that are dependent on time and smooth growth functions. The method captures the development of human embryo stomach consistently with static observations of the real embryo. Computer animation and visual interpretation make it possible to understand the modeled processes accurately and lead to realistic exploration of the human stomach at various stages of development.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115266775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bowyer, S. Cameron, G. Jared, Ralph Robert Martin, A. Middleditch, M. Sabin, J. Woodwark
{"title":"Ten questions that arose in designing the Djinn API for solid modelling","authors":"A. Bowyer, S. Cameron, G. Jared, Ralph Robert Martin, A. Middleditch, M. Sabin, J. Woodwark","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634884","url":null,"abstract":"Djinn is an API for solid modelling which is defined in the language of point-sets and is thus independent of any particular modelling data-structure (e.g. boundary representations or CSG trees). In designing this API, several significant and interesting questions have arisen, including: the basic feasibility of the approach; deciding how to support cellular models; providing facilities for navigation without traditional data-structures; addressing the problems of 'tweaks' and blends; ensuring that labels are preserved under geometric operations; permitting regions in which changes to a model have taken place to be identified; coping with approximate models; deciding whether to support variational models; keeping sweeps and transforms within a reasonable domain; and providing facilities to handle the many types of parametric surface. These questions are not all fully answered, but progress continues towards a published interface and C++ language binding.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125109704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D shape and reflectance morphing","authors":"Yoichi Sato, Imari Sato, K. Ikeuchi","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634901","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes a new method for 3D shape and reflectance morphing of two real 3D objects. Our morphing method consists of two components: shape and reflectance property measurement, and smooth interpolation of those measured properties. Unlike other morphing techniques, the proposed method can create intermediate images with correct shading such as highlights and shadows.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"352 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124450504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The 3D revolution: CAD access for all!","authors":"J. Rossignac","doi":"10.1109/SMA.1997.634883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMA.1997.634883","url":null,"abstract":"The manufacturing industry has invested vast amounts of resources in the deployment and use of solid modeling technology. Although expensive to generate and potentially very valuable in many product related activities, 3D models have rarely been exploited to support product management, documentation, collaborative review, and promotion, because they were only accessible to trained designers equipped with expensive graphics workstations. Intranet access, popular 3D exchange formats, and affordable 3D graphics chips permit to download and view 3D models using a personal computer. Although these basic capabilities are revolutionizing the entertainment and marketing industry and have reduced the cost of a design station, they are of little help to non-designers in the manufacturing industry. The author articulates a vision where 3D data is available and exploited at all phases of a product life cycle. The paper investigates the shortcomings of the current technology, identifies the fundamental research issues, and reviews recent advances in 3D data compression, in the automatic generation of levels-of-detail for interactive rendering, and in the innovative exploitation of 3D input devices for an intuitive and effective navigation.","PeriodicalId":413660,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117295931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}