{"title":"Fourier Transforms, Option Pricing and Controls","authors":"M. Joshi, Chao Yang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1941464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1941464","url":null,"abstract":"We incorporate a simple and effective control-variate into Fourier inversion formulas for vanilla option prices. The control-variate used in this paper is the Black-Scholes formula whose volatility parameter is determined in a generic non-arbitrary fashion. We analyze contour dependence both in terms of value and speed of convergence. We use Gaussian quadrature rules to invert Fourier integrals, and numerical results suggest that performing the contour integration along the real axis leads to the best pricing performance.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"43 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132708438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk Dispersion Tool and Strategies - Peak Catastrophe Event Correlation and Variance Swaps","authors":"Ivelin M. Zvezdov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2343320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2343320","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of risk capital regulatory regimes and continuous convergence of re/insurance and capital markets instruments and investment processes creates demand for quantitative and systematic risk management strategies for portfolio and line-of-business volatility and correlation dispersion. From an active risk management and capital investment perspective portfolio volatility - variance of losses could be an asset. Markets are not efficient when determining volatility. Portfolio loss correlations could also be viewed as an asset as well as a risk factor; and need to be managed as both. Volatility – variance and correlation swaps are two well-developed vehicles for such purposes. In a first of a small series of technical articles we review definitions, component computation, and structuring of correlation and variance swaps for a re/insurance portfolio","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125100500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Smile Calibration Problem Solved","authors":"Julien Guyon, P. Henry-Labordère","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1885032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1885032","url":null,"abstract":"Following previous work on calibration of multi-factor local stochastic volatility models to market smiles, we show how to calibrate exactly any such models. Our approach, based on McKean’s particle method, extends to hybrid models, for which we provide a Malliavin representation of the effective local volatility. We illustrate the efficiency of our algorithm on hybrid local stochastic volatility models.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125631420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rendite vs. Risiko bei Bonuszertifikaten (Misleading Regularly Published Rates of Return of Bonus Certificates - A Critical Analysis)","authors":"Hellmut D. Scholtz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1849565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1849565","url":null,"abstract":"Die in den Medien zu findenden Angebote uber Bonuszertifikate geben haufig unzureichende oder irrefuhrende Informationen uber Rentabilitat und Risiko solcher Investments wider. Ein sinnvoller Vergleich der Renditen mehrerer Angebote ist auserdem erschwert oder in vielen Fallen uberhaupt nur begrenzt moglich. Aus diesem Grund zeigt die vorliegende Abhandlung geeignetere Kennziffern fur erfolgreiche Anlageentscheidungen auf. Die Auswahl zwischen verschiedenen Anlagealternativen lasst sich damit zudem wesentlich erleichtern.Bonus certificates represent an interesting asset class for risk averse investors. Unfortunately the data regularly published by issuers and presented in various periodicals are insufficient and sometimes misleading. The following paper derives relevant metrics for investing in bonus certificates. These metrics support the strategic goals of increasing performance and avoiding ruin.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129225575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid Equity, FX, and Interest Rate Models with Stochastic Volatility and Jump Diffusion","authors":"A. Amin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1733071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1733071","url":null,"abstract":"We construct Hybrid Equity and multi-currency models with stochastic volatility and jump diffusion and correlated stochastic interest rates with a full matrix of correlations. We present a jump diffusion extension of Hybrid Models developed by Grzelak and Oosterlee [GO10], [GO10b] and use modeling techniques mentioned there to convert non-affine PIDE to solvable form. We model the interest rate by a stochastic volatility displaced-diffusion Libor Market Model [AA02], which can model an interest rate smile. The spot Equity or FX rate is governed by stochastic volatility and jump diffusion with stochastic intensity poisson process with any general jump size distribution. We provide semi-closed form approximations which lead to efficient calibration of the Equity and cross-currency models.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131205220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nigerian Banking Industry and the Theories of Intermediation","authors":"A. B. Dogarawa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1624731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1624731","url":null,"abstract":"Banks play an important role in the financial system of an economy. According to the theory of financial intermediation, they exist because they can reduce transaction costs and resolve information asymmetries between borrowers and lenders. However, as developments in information technology (IT), deregulation, deepening of financial markets, etc. tends to reduce transaction costs and informational asymmetries, financial intermediation theory tends to come to the conclusion that intermediation becomes useless and thus, banks are no longer relevant. This paper reviews literature on theory of financial intermediation in relation to the raison d’etre of banks in the modern time with the aim of examining whether development in IT and the deepening of the financial market render banks less important in Nigeria. The paper uses content analysis to analytically synthesise the contentious issues in financial intermediation. The paper posits that banks are considered the engine of growth for Nigerian economy. Also, despite the globalization of financial services, driven by deregulation and information technology, and despite strong price competition, the banking industry in Nigeria is not declining in importance but it is growing. To maintain their relevance however, Nigerian banks will have to provide access to the payments system; access to liquidity on demand; package and sell or repackage and resell risk through a number of different institutional arrangements; offer information that include the certification of the quality of assets together with credit review and possible follow-up; and remain a conduit for government guarantees both explicitly and implicitly.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114555440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does Model Fit Matter for Hedging? Evidence from FTSE 100 Options","authors":"C. Alexander, Andreas Kaeck","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1620458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1620458","url":null,"abstract":"This paper implements a variety of different calibration methods applied to the Heston model and examines their effect on the performance of standard and minimum-variance hedging of vanilla options on the FTSE 100 index. Simple adjustments to the Black-Scholes-Merton model are used as a benchmark. Our empirical findings apply to delta, delta-gamma or delta-vega hedging and they are robust to varying the option maturities and moneyness, and to different market regimes. On the methodological side, an efficient technique for simultaneous calibration to option price and implied volatility index data is introduced.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114862944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Option Pricing with Piecewise-Constant Parameters, Discrete Jumps and Regime-Switching","authors":"Jianwei Zhu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1547036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1547036","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I address systematically how to enhance the most existing option models with piecewise-constant parameters, and how to derive the corresponding closed-form characteristic function under the risk-neutral measure. As long as the characteristic function with piecewise-constant parameters is analytical known, the pricing formula for a European call is then given by inverse transform of the derived characteristic function. The method developed here is based on iterated expectations by applying the tower rule, and is applicable for all existing option models with closed-form characteristic function. Particularly, the most popular option pricing models are extended with time-dependent parameters, including stochastic volatility models, jump-diffusion models and Levy pure jump models. Additionally, to demonstrate the potential power of iterated expectation, I develop a discrete jump model that allows for jumps at discrete time points. A concrete use of this discrete jump model is a discrete dividend model. Furthermore, a regime-switched option pricing model can also be easily dealt with where the underlying asset follows different types of stochastic process in the course of time. For instance, an asset can be governed first by stochastic volatility dynamics, and then by Levy pure jump dynamics. Finally, two stochastic volatility models of Heston (1993) as well as of Schobel and Zhu (1999) are examined in details. The time-dependent variants of these two models are calibrated to FX option markets, then compared to the conventional stochastic volatility models in terms of market data fitting and product pricing.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128029858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Counterparty Risk Management with Market-Based Indicators: Lessons from the Crisis","authors":"Marcelo Yoshio Takami","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1523912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1523912","url":null,"abstract":"During a financial crisis, which counterparties we would prefer not to be exposed to? This paper addresses this issue in the context of the 2007-2009 crisis by proposing three market-based measures (two are based on credit default swap spreads and the other one, on stock prices) for identifying too risky counterparties among big international financial entities. Our results show that market prices provide significant early warning signals of the fragility of distressed financial institutions and that the accuracy of the market-based indicators is much better than the traditional rating’ and is similar to market-based ratings’ provided by a rating agency. Volatility issues are addressed by means of a simple smoothing procedure.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128595488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast Monte-Carlo Greeks for Financial Products with Discontinuous Pay-Offs","authors":"Jiun Hong Chan, M. Joshi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1500343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1500343","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a new class of numerical schemes for discretizing processes driven by Brownian motions. These allow the rapid computation of sensitivities of discontinuous integrals using pathwise methods even when the underlying densities post-discretization are singular. The two new methods presented in this paper allow Greeks for financial products with trigger features to be computed in the LIBOR market model with similar speed to that obtained by using the adjoint method for continuous pay-offs. The methods are generic with the main constraint being that the discontinuities at each step must be determined by a one-dimensional function: the proxy constraint. They are also generic with the sole interaction between the integrand and the scheme being the specification of this constraint.","PeriodicalId":412239,"journal":{"name":"StructuredMarkets Equity Derivatives Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133549373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}