POL: Manufacturing Industry (Topic)最新文献

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Modeling the Reciprocal and Longitudinal Effect of Return on Sales and R&D Intensity During Economic Cycles 经济周期中收益对销售和研发强度的纵向互惠效应建模

POL: Manufacturing Industry (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-12-30 DOI: 10.1504/IJTM.2010.029408

A. Nair, L. A. Jones‐Farmer, P. Swamidass

{"title":"Modeling the Reciprocal and Longitudinal Effect of Return on Sales and R&D Intensity During Economic Cycles","authors":"A. Nair, L. A. Jones‐Farmer, P. Swamidass","doi":"10.1504/IJTM.2010.029408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTM.2010.029408","url":null,"abstract":"Given that both the U.S. and EU have lost some of their edge in manufacturing to emerging Asian countries, the profitability and competitiveness of U.S. and EU firms depend more and more on innovation-based businesses. For example, while the steel industry lost 300,000 jobs in the USA between 1980 and 2000, four companies Microsoft, Oracle, Cisco and Dell, who did not have a single employee in 1980, had 200,000 highly paid employees by 2005. The switch to innovation-based businesses has been going on for nearly thirty years in the USA. In these companies, the role of RD this is the focus of this study both across all industries, as well as between selected industries with diverse RD the effect is not consistent across the two cycles studied. This exploratory study's findings lead us to conclude that RD the same is true for public policy addressing company/industry needs during economic cycles - fit the policy to each cycle. We consider this to be an exploratory study that opens a new avenue for more deeper investigation into the known relationship between profitability and R&D spending during the ups and downs of economic cycles at the level of the economy, selected industries, and individual corporations (for responding with appropriate corporate strategy during economic swings).","PeriodicalId":412022,"journal":{"name":"POL: Manufacturing Industry (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125419867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Exposure to the Field and the Meanings Managers Hold: Evidence from Manufacturing Best Practices Programs 实地接触和管理者持有的意义:来自制造业最佳实践项目的证据

POL: Manufacturing Industry (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1000833

P. Cebon, E. Love

{"title":"Exposure to the Field and the Meanings Managers Hold: Evidence from Manufacturing Best Practices Programs","authors":"P. Cebon, E. Love","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1000833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1000833","url":null,"abstract":"A central proposition of neo-institutional theory is that exposure to institutional fields shapes the meanings actors within the field hold. We test that proposition by asking whether variations in exposure to field-level processes will lead to variations in meanings held by actors. To do so, we examine the implementation of a managerial practice - Manufacturing Best Practices Programs - across a large sample of manufacturing sites in Australia and New Zealand. We assess exposure to field-level processes both indirectly (through structural characteristics such as site size and technological sophistication), and directly (as contact with theorizing agents and communities of practice). To assess variations in meanings held by managers, we draw on psychological research findings to do three things: 1) to conceptualize the cognitive representation of a practice as a category, 2) to recognise that categories are graded - that is, that some members (or components of the practice, in our case) are more representative of the category than others, and 3) to recognise that the grading of the category is driven by the way the category is theorized. We find that sites which are more exposed to field-level meanings - using both our direct and indirect measures - adopt, on average, more representative components in their Manufacturing Best Practice program. We discuss implications, especially for how categories are understood within institutional theory.","PeriodicalId":412022,"journal":{"name":"POL: Manufacturing Industry (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115929377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Relative Impact of Fiscal Incentives and Trade Policies on the Returns to Manufacturing in Taiwan 1955-1995 评估1955-1995年台湾财政激励与贸易政策对制造业回流的相对影响

POL: Manufacturing Industry (Topic) Pub Date : 2006-04-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.897723

G. Jenkins, Chun-Yan Kuo

引用次数: 0