MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics最新文献

{"title":"Thermal effect for optical imaging of knee osteoarthritis","authors":"Sherif H. Elgohary","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00122","url":null,"abstract":"Knee is the most important hinge joint with complex geometry in our musculoskeletal system, which allows stability, flexion, extension and slight internal and external rotation in our entire day to day activities. Knee mainly consists bone (femur, patella, tibia and fibula), cruciate ligaments (anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)), collateral ligaments (lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL)) and cartilages (meniscus and articular cartilages). Meniscus and articular cartilages used as shock absorbers, which help to move bones smoothly over one another throughout their range of motion. Cruciate and collateral ligament prevent backward-forward movement and side to side movements of the bones respectively. However, knee is highly vulnerable to injuries that might happen due to vehicle accidents, during physical exercise, and other sudden events in our day to day activities. In addition, knee joint is highly affected by diseases like; osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteonecrosis and other syndromes which are afflicting millions of people every day throughout the globe. Osteoarthritis only affects around 250 million people worldwide.1 According classic rehabilitation statistical up to date report, one-third of all Americans experiencing knee pain at some time or another and around 100 million people suffer from chronic pain annually. According to Genome-wide association study, half of people aged above 50 suffer knee pain.6 Ligament, cartilage injuries and OA are the most common chronic knee pain and cause of disabilities.2–5 In USA, there are about 60 acute meniscal tears per 100000 people7 and around 200000 ALC injuries per year.8 According to national health survey around 3 persons have OA per 10 people with disabilities.9","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130951279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FPGA firmware helps unify the supervised and un-supervised deep learning for BDA","authors":"H. Szu","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00108","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial general intelligence (AGI) has been advocated by both MIT Prof. Lex Friedman, and Stanford CS Prof. Andrew Ng. The deep learning is a recursive multi-layers learning emulating human visual system (V1-V4) which have been campaigned by Prof. Geoffrey Hinton (now at Google) and his protégée Prof. Yann Le Cun (no at NYU Facebook), Prof. Yoshua Bengio (remains at Univ. Toronto)).1 Together they have been demonstrated in recent Nature publication “(Supervised) Deep Learning” circa 2015.","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131123094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive oscillator controller for quadrupled hopping robots","authors":"S. Redkar","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128166001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 3rd wave of AI can help develop apps generating the 4th economic booming","authors":"H. Szu","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00103","url":null,"abstract":"The 1st Booming was due to President Ike Eisenhower) who admired German Autobahn and wished to build after WWII Interstate Freeways. For example, while the E-W horizontal used even number e.g. I-10; I-80, the N-S vertical odd numbers. e.g. I-95. The 3 digits are reserved for surrounding big cities I-495 (4 for “for”), I-695(6 for “exit”), and I-395 (3 for “throughput”. The originally design of Interstate freeway is for military missile launcher, but it has instead boosted the Interstate commerce; those are the days that we did not yet have the power of supercomputer to support AI. The 2nd Booming was due to President J.F. Kenney after Russian Sputnik has challenged the public and mobilized the whole nation with the ambitious goal of Astronaut Armstrong to land on the Moon. As a consequence the Precision Electronic has developed enhancing the development of supercomputing & Robot Control Theory; the 2nd booming of economics seems to be driven by the supercomputing and the minisuper PC. We believe that AI 1st wave began.","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"242 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115634651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 5G hazards","authors":"Kshitij Shinghal","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121308727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a prototype for a prosthesis implant of one degree freedom for the ankle joint","authors":"A. Ramírez","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00116","url":null,"abstract":"The loss of movement in the ankle joint is repeatedly linked to osteoarthritis, which is a disease that causes wear and tear on the cartilaginous tissue, preventing free movement between the tibia, fibula and astragalus. Currently one of the treatments to regain movement in the ankle joint is ankle arthrodesis, which is a surgical procedure during which flexo-extension mobility is restored to resume the high and low gait cycle Speed. To manufacture an artificial ankle joint it is necessary to establish the parameters that help control the manufacturing processes of each component, ensuring its proper operation. The mechanical design for this joint highly depends on the analysis of axial loads produced by the weight of the human body during the supporting phases and based on that information, select the appropriate materials that are useful not only to support the weight of the human body but maintaining an excellent level of biological compatibility.","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129044451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezo actuators for Nanomedicine research","authors":"Afonin Sergey Mikhailovich","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00099","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristics, the structural scheme and the matrix transfer function of the piezo actuator for the nanomedicine research are obtained. The transfer functions of the piezo actuator are described the characteristics of the actuator with regard to its physical parameters and external load.","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117263378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A technology of preparing MnO2 nanowire from the low grade manganese ore","authors":"Yuna Zhao","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00096","url":null,"abstract":"Manganese dioxide has received considerable attention among transition metal oxides because of its outstanding structural flexibility. It is well known that MnO2 is of high theoretical specific capacitance (1370F g-1), natural abundance, environmental friendliness and low cost.1–3 MnO2 exhibits different electrochemical properties at very low loadings (about a few mg cm-2) on the current collector because of its extremely low electrical conductivity (10-5 to 10-6 Scm-1).4–7 Functional nanomaterials have been found wide applications in diverse areas due to their intrinsically different properties compared with bulk materials. Except for the excellent electrochemical property of MnO2 bulk materials, nanostructured manganese dioxide exhibits its efficient electrolyte/cation interfacial charge transports which enables improved pseudo capacitive performance, a good rate capability and reversibility. As a promising PC material among transition metal oxides, nano-MnO2 is of outstanding structural flexibility and exists in tunnel, spinel and layered crystallographic forms.8,9 To improve the performance, various MnO2 nanostructures with different morphologies, including nanoflowers,11,12 nanosheets,13–15 anotubes16 and nanowires17–19 have been synthesized. One-dimensional nanorods and nanowires are able to enhance electronic/ionic conductivity and shorten ion transport pathway for faradaic reactions.20–24","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132333918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of 3D additive manufacturing and robotics for hand prosthetic design","authors":"Christian Andres Diaz Leon","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00120","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning in the mechanical design of prosthetic elements for upper limb dates from approximately 2 000 BC, which is related to a discovery found in an Egyptian mummy. Nevertheless, the prosthetic element only can served as supporting devices for the forearm.1 On the other hand, with the implementation as material of manufacture of Iron, new prostheses devices were developed, with the objective of being used in the war holding swords or shields.2 However, in the sixteenth century would be presented the first hand substitute, designed by Ambroise Pare, as a consequence would begin with the design of different prostheses with different objectives and materials for production.3 Today, the loss of the upper limb of the human body due to a congenital disease, trauma or accident, leads to several limitations into the daily activities. So, it is essential to replace the affected part with a prosthesis, either aesthetic or functional type.4 However, now days, there are prosthesis designed and manufacture that exceed 70 000 euros in their production, as well as hand substitutes made from low-cost additive manufacturing.5 Therefore, the replacement of this part of the body is more accessible due to the combination of various areas such as Engineering, Biomechanics and Robotics, that allow to mechanical design functional prostheses by the application of mathematical foundations. By the application of these sciences, it is possible to predict the proper functionality of these elements. Also, the practice and improvement of new technologies, such as free-source additive manufacturing and the use of unconventional materials, such as thermostable polymers, provides an optimal product. As a result, prostheses can be designed to be capable of mimicking some of the most characteristic movements of this limb,6 such as opposition of the thumb with one of the other fingers, as well as particular features that possess the physiognomy of the hand, causing that this type of t prosthesis gives a more aesthetic look. Finally, the research presented in this work concludes in a design of a robotic arms which comprehends a functional hand prosthesis with five fingers with their corresponding phalanges. Additional and as an advantage of the product developed, this prosthetic device was produce by 3D printing and their movement capacities were developed and corroborated by Direct Kinematics sciences.","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134176641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and simulation to monitor cryptosporidium oocyst influenced by nitrogen in heterogeneous fine sand deposition","authors":"Eluozo Sn","doi":"10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojabb.2019.03.00107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":411709,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Applied Bionics and Biomechanics","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132011207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}