Aktualnosci Neurologiczne最新文献_第7页

Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia – selected diagnostic dilemmas in neuropsychiatry 行为变异额颞叶痴呆——神经精神病学中选择的诊断困境

Aktualnosci Neurologiczne Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.15557/an.2020.0010

M. Kuklińska, E. Sitek, B. Brockhuis, A. Barczak, B. Hintze, E. Narożańska

{"title":"Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia – selected diagnostic dilemmas in neuropsychiatry","authors":"M. Kuklińska, E. Sitek, B. Brockhuis, A. Barczak, B. Hintze, E. Narożańska","doi":"10.15557/an.2020.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/an.2020.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia remains a challenge for neurologists and psychiatrists as some behavioural symptoms of this illness and psychiatric disorders, such as apathy, are not specific. Aim: The paper aims at presenting the differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and primary psychiatric disorders. Discussion: Behavioural symptoms of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia overlap with symptoms typical for primary psychiatric disorders. Psychotic symptoms, apathy and inappropriate behaviour are prominent in schizophrenia. Repetitive behaviours are typical for obsessive-compulsive disorders. Inattention and impulsivity are common in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Disinhibition is typical of mania in the context of bipolar disorder. Thus, all these psychiatric diagnoses need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. This condition is associated with language deficits and more widespread executive and social cognition deficits. Also, the presence of neurological symptoms, such as oculomotor dysfunction, upper/lower motor neuron dysfunction or bradykinesia, may facilitate the diagnosis. Functional decline is observed during follow-up in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, but not in phenocopy syndrome. Conclusions: Differential diagnosis requires integration of behavioural and neuropsychological data with the results of neurological assessment and neuroimaging work-up. In ambiguous cases, if genetic testing is negative, only longitudinal observation can confirm the diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia or phenocopy syndrome.","PeriodicalId":41161,"journal":{"name":"Aktualnosci Neurologiczne","volume":"20 1","pages":"71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67583133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lumbar puncture in patients on anticoagulants 使用抗凝剂患者腰椎穿刺

Aktualnosci Neurologiczne Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.15557/an.2020.0007

M. Białecka, A. Machoy-Mokrzyńska, Anna Pierzchlińska

{"title":"Lumbar puncture in patients on anticoagulants","authors":"M. Białecka, A. Machoy-Mokrzyńska, Anna Pierzchlińska","doi":"10.15557/an.2020.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/an.2020.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Lumbar puncture is an important invasive procedure often used in the diagnosis of neurological disorders. Generally, lumbar puncture is a safe procedure, with a very low incidence of serious complications, the risk of which, however, may increase in the group of patients on anticoagulant therapy (anticoagulants and platelet anti-aggregation agents). This applies to both the risk of haemorrhagic complications and the risk of thrombotic events during temporary discontinuation of anticoagulants. This paper presents the current knowledge on the management in patients receiving anticoagulants (vitamin K antagonists, new anticoagulants, heparins, fondaparinux) and platelet anti-aggregation agents (P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonists, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, acetylsalicylic acid) who require lumbar puncture. Furthermore, we present the issue of bridging therapy in patients at a high risk of thrombotic complications. In the case of neurological indications for a lumbar puncture in a patient on anticoagulants or anti-aggregation therapy, the urgency of the procedure and the risk of adverse effects should be assessed and other diagnostic methods should be considered in the first place. If there is a need for an urgent lumbar puncture, treatment modification or the use of drugs to reverse the anticoagulant or anti-aggregation effect may be necessary. Each case must be treated individually, considering medical and family history, comorbidities and other medications taken by the patient. Most of the available recommendations related to the presented problem have been developed by anaesthetic associations. There is a need to popularise the principles of management in patients on anticoagulants who require lumbar puncture due to neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":41161,"journal":{"name":"Aktualnosci Neurologiczne","volume":"20 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67582631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demyelinating or hereditary optic neuropathy? Comparison of selected disease entities 脱髓鞘还是遗传性视神经病变?选定疾病实体的比较

Aktualnosci Neurologiczne Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.15557/an.2020.0011

Iwona Rościszewska-Żukowska, H. Bartosik-Psujek, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski Rzeszów Polska Wydział Medyczny

{"title":"Demyelinating or hereditary optic neuropathy? Comparison of selected disease entities","authors":"Iwona Rościszewska-Żukowska, H. Bartosik-Psujek, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski Rzeszów Polska Wydział Medyczny","doi":"10.15557/an.2020.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/an.2020.0011","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses retrobulbar optic neuritis secondary to multiple sclerosis, Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, and Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy with multiple sclerosis-like disease – Harding’s syndrome. Retrobulbar optic neuritis secondary to multiple sclerosis is the most common disease (neuropathy) of the optic nerve in young adults and often the first clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Despite a characteristic triad of symptoms and evident focal demyelination in brain magnetic resonance, misdiagnoses still occur. Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (atrophy) is a genetic mitochondrial disease, which manifests as a subacute painless loss of vision, and thus can be mistaken for retrobulbar optic neuritis. The coexistence of hereditary optic neuropathy and Harding’s syndrome is another diagnostic difficulty. All these three conditions, the peak of incidence of which occurs in the second to third decade of life, initially manifest only with visual symptoms due to uni- or bilateral optic neuropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain may show demyelination, while optical coherence tomography of the fundus may detect thinning of the retinal nerve fibre layers in all these neuropathies. We present clinical differences, as well as variances in retinal optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging between retrobulbar optic neuritis secondary to multiple sclerosis, Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, and Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy with multiple sclerosis-like disease.","PeriodicalId":41161,"journal":{"name":"Aktualnosci Neurologiczne","volume":"20 1","pages":"82-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67583189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pneumonia in patients with stroke: risk factors, identification of at-risk patients, and methods of prevention 脑卒中患者的肺炎:危险因素、危险患者的识别和预防方法

Aktualnosci Neurologiczne Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.15557/an.2020.0012

Michał Turlakiewicz, A. Piekarska

{"title":"Pneumonia in patients with stroke: risk factors, identification of at-risk patients, and methods of prevention","authors":"Michał Turlakiewicz, A. Piekarska","doi":"10.15557/an.2020.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/an.2020.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is the most common complication of the early stage of ischaemic stroke. The prevalence of SAP is difficult to determine precisely, but it is estimated to affect 2–22% of patients in the acute phase of stroke. Strokeassociated pneumonia is a clinically significant problem, as it markedly increases the risk of death compared to the population of acute stroke patients without pneumonia. In addition, SAP is associated with poorer final functional status, greater dependence on other people’s help after hospital discharge, extended hospital stay, and higher treatment costs. The paper presents the risk factors for stroke-related pneumonia, including the two best documented: dysphagia and stroke-induced immunodepression syndrome (SIDS). An attempt is made to identify patients in the acute phase of stroke who should be evaluated for the risk of developing pneumonia, and tools useful in the identification of such patients (A2DS2, ISAN scoring systems) are discussed. Also, based on expert recommendations, measures to minimise the risk of stroke-related pneumonia are proposed, and the recommended therapeutic regimen is described.","PeriodicalId":41161,"journal":{"name":"Aktualnosci Neurologiczne","volume":"20 1","pages":"88-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67582741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laryngeal electromyography – a review of guidelines and current literature 喉肌电图——指南和现有文献综述

Aktualnosci Neurologiczne Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.15557/an.2020.0005

P. Krasnodębska, A. Szkiełkowska, Uniwersytet Muzyczny Fryderyka Chopina Warszawa Polska Katedra Audiologii i Foniatrii

引用次数: 2

The usefulness of mental health diagnostic screening in patients with isolated cerebellar lesions 孤立性小脑病变患者心理健康诊断筛查的有效性

Aktualnosci Neurologiczne Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.15557/an.2020.0001

K. Jodzio, Uniwersytet Gdański Gdańsk Polska Instytut Psychologii

引用次数: 0

Predictors for paraclinoid aneurysm recanalisation after endovascular coiling 血管内盘绕后类旁动脉瘤再通的预测因素

Aktualnosci Neurologiczne Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.15557/an.2020.0003

Patrycja Kowalczyk, K. Wiśniewski, M. Piotrowski, D. Jaskólski