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The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution最新文献

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The evolution of language and speech: What we know from genetics 语言和言语的进化:我们从遗传学中了解到的
The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.29
A. Benítez‐Burraco, D. Dediu
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引用次数: 0
Kanzi or can’t he? Kanzi还是不能?
The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.28
H. Lyn
{"title":"Kanzi or can’t he?","authors":"H. Lyn","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.28","url":null,"abstract":"Nonhuman animals have been successful in using a number of language abilities through a series of studies initiating from the late 1960s. However, these studies and the researchers faced intense criticism, which resulted in a vicious backlash that almost destroyed the field. In this chapter, the author will review the most frequent criticisms, any data-driven responses, and discuss the validity of each criticism. Ultimately, the findings show that nonhumans can acquire symbols through mechanisms more complex than simple association, that those symbols are referential in nature, they can use those symbols in appropriate contexts, and that their symbolic use is not explained by imitation. Some species have also been shown to use and/or comprehend rule-based ordering systems, but these stop short of true syntactical competence. Given the continuities revealed by these studies, any complete hypothesis regarding the evolution of language must incorporate these findings.","PeriodicalId":410083,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127639380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gesture is an intrinsic part of modern-day human communication and may always have been so 手势是现代人类交流的内在组成部分，而且可能一直如此
The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.12
S. Goldin‐Meadow
{"title":"Gesture is an intrinsic part of modern-day human communication and may always have been so","authors":"S. Goldin‐Meadow","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.12","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews three types of evidence from current-day languages consistent with the view that human language has always drawn upon both the manual and oral modalities, a view that is contra the gesture-first theory of language evolution. First, gesture and speech form a single system, with speech using a categorical format and gesture a mimetic format. Second, when this system is disrupted, as when speech is not possible, the manual modality takes over the categorical forms typical of speech. Finally, when the manual modality assumes a categorical format, as in sign languages of the Deaf, mimetic forms do not disappear but arise in the gestures signers produce as they sign. This picture of modern-day language is consistent with the view that gesture and speech have both been part of human language from the beginning.","PeriodicalId":410083,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126903203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Animal signals and symbolism 动物的信号和象征
The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.2
U. Griebel, D. Oller
{"title":"Animal signals and symbolism","authors":"U. Griebel, D. Oller","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.2","url":null,"abstract":"Human languages are symbolic. If we accept a broadly gradualist account of evolution, forerunners of the symbolism found in human languages should be observable in our closest relatives. After intensive training by humans, animals as different as great apes, dogs, sea lions, parrots, and dolphins have been shown to be able to learn, and in some cases to use, linguistic symbols with both humans and conspecifics. However, there is an absence of convincing and widely accepted evidence for symbolism in the use by non-human animals of natural communication systems in the wild. In addressing this apparent paradox, we provide definitions of fundamental differences between human symbolism and non-human communication systems and discuss foundational capacities for symbolism in non-humans. We argue that animal signals sometimes thought to resemble symbols are more likely (as proposed by Darwin) emotional expressions. We offer arguments about the evolutionary pressures that may have led to increasingly complex communication in the hominin line.","PeriodicalId":410083,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115922865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Primate parents 灵长类动物的父母
The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.8
Maria Botero
{"title":"Primate parents","authors":"Maria Botero","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198813781.013.8","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, the author will provide an overview of some of the main areas of research and ideas on the evolution of parenting in human and nonhuman primates, including parenting styles, and parental investment and attachment. The author will situate different approaches in their historical context of origin and analyze their merits and disadvantages. Then, the author will pose two fundamental questions that have changed how we approach the evolutionary history of parenting: “Who is a parent?” and “what is a parent?” The author will provide examples of some of the biases that are present in answers to these two questions, and of how a critical analysis of the traditional theories in the evolution of parenting is transforming the way researchers understand the evolution of parenting in recent years.","PeriodicalId":410083,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116551113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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