Bhutan Health Journal最新文献

Aetiology of end-stage renal disease at the National Referral Hospital of Bhutan 不丹国家转诊医院终末期肾病的病因学

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.149

Minjur Dorji, Yeshey Penjore, T. Tshokey, Gyem Dorji

{"title":"Aetiology of end-stage renal disease at the National Referral Hospital of Bhutan","authors":"Minjur Dorji, Yeshey Penjore, T. Tshokey, Gyem Dorji","doi":"10.47811/bhj.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.149","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: End stage renal disease (ESRD) is a late stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring chronic dialysis or renal transplant to survive. End stage renal disease is a growing problem worldwide. In Bhutan too, there are anecdotal evidence showing increasing number of ESRD patients every year, which has become a cause of serious concern for the country. \u0000Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the National Referral Hospital of Bhutan, from 2019 to 2020 to find out the aetiology of ESRD in the country. The demographic information and aetiology of ESRD were collected from the past record of the patients. A total of 202 eligible ESRD patients were enrolled in this study. \u0000Results: The study showed that the mean age of patients was 47.3 ±13.20 years. The majority of the patients 139 (68.8%) were in the age group 24-60 years. Of the total patients, 107 (53.0%) were females. The common aetiologies of ESRD were hypertension (HTN), chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) constituting 20.8%, 12.9%, and 8.9% of the total patients respectively. In 50.0% of the patients, the aetiology of ESRD were unexplained. \u0000Conclusions: The most common aetiologies of ESRD were HTN (20.8%), CGN (12.9%) and DM (8.9%); in 50.0% of the patients, the aetiologies remained unexplained. The majority of ESRD patients (68.8%) in this study were from middle age group, with female predominance (53.0%).","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124905531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Handling future pandemic, lessons from the past 应对未来的大流行，吸取过去的教训

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.148

U. Tshering, K. Tenzin, Chencho Gem, Anna Kathrina De Jesus, T. Tshokey

引用次数: 0

Quality of Life and Health Needs among Elderly aged 60-79 years in Paro, Bhutan 不丹帕罗60-79岁老年人的生活质量和健康需求

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.153

G. Tshering, K. Tenzin, K. Okanurak, J. Pattaraarchachai, Kanvee Viwatpanich

{"title":"Quality of Life and Health Needs among Elderly aged 60-79 years in Paro, Bhutan","authors":"G. Tshering, K. Tenzin, K. Okanurak, J. Pattaraarchachai, Kanvee Viwatpanich","doi":"10.47811/bhj.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.153","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The global population is undergoing a significant demographic shift, with a rapidly increasing number of elderly population. As people age, their health and quality of life become increasingly important considerations. The elderly population has unique health needs that must be addressed to ensure their well-being and maximize their quality of life. In Bhutan, elderly health needs are lacking despite information on health policy and planning. This study was proposed to assess quality of life and health needs among elderly aged between 60 – 79 years old under Naja, Dogar, Shaba, and Lyungni gewogs (blocks) under Paro district, Bhutan.\u0000Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed method design with a quantitative and descriptive qualitative was conducted in the four blocks. For quantitative component, a survey was conducted and for qualitative, focus group discussion was used. This study was carried out in four selected rural areas known as gewogs (blocks) in local language under Paro district. A representative sample of 403 respondents was selected by simple random sampling in quantitative work and 12 elderly people in focus group discussion. The demographic data were analyzed by ANOVA and data from focus group discussion were done in content analysis.\u0000Results: The quantitative data for the overall QoL score among elderly showed a mean score of 39.01, which was considered a low level of QoL. Among the eight components of QoL, role of pain and general health showed same result level as the overall QoL. While others (physical function, body pain, vitality, social function, role of emotion, and mental health) were at average level (score 46.19-58.68).\u0000Conclusions: Overall QoL of elderly people in Paro district is lower than the average at 47.84 (CI 45.87 – 49.81). Mental health was in average level compared to physical health, which is at a lower level.","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121119818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patient safety culture among healthcare professionals in Bhutan 不丹保健专业人员的病人安全文化

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.152

Rinchen Pelzang, Norbu Norbu, Kinga Jamphel

{"title":"Patient safety culture among healthcare professionals in Bhutan","authors":"Rinchen Pelzang, Norbu Norbu, Kinga Jamphel","doi":"10.47811/bhj.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.152","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is dearth of information regarding the status of patient safety culture in Bhutanese healthcare system. The aim of the study was to assess the baseline patient safety culture among the healthcare professionals working in different levels of hospitals in Bhutan.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety, version 2 (HSOPS2) questionnaire in 2021 in six District Hospitals (DHs), two Regional Referral Hospitals (RRHs), and one National Referral Hospital (NRH) in Bhutan. A total of 782 healthcare professionals were recruited into the study. EpiData version 3.0 and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 28.0 were used to process data and conduct the statistical analysis on survey data including descriptive statistics and validity and reliability of survey. The internal consistency reliability of each composite measure was assessed by calculating Cronbach’s alpha score.\u0000Results: The overall level of patient safety culture was 61.28% (95% CI: 113.26, 115.27) and the percentage scores for the ten patient safety dimensions ranged from 45.13% to 82.65%. The dimension, “Teamwork within the hospital units” had the highest positive score while the dimensions, “Staffing and work pace” and “Reporting patient safety events” had the lowest positive scores.\u0000Conclusions: The healthcare professionals working in hospitals in Bhutan had average patient safety culture. To improve patient safety culture, more emphasis should be given on human resource management, patient safety event reporting system, hospital management support for patient safety and quality improvement initiatives and creating an environment that promote just and learning culture. ","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"346 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134010197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological Profile of traumatic spinal cord injuries in the National Referral Hospital, Bhutan 不丹国家转诊医院创伤性脊髓损伤的流行病学概况

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.150

Kuenzang Wangdi, U. Tshering, Karma Phuentsho

{"title":"Epidemiological Profile of traumatic spinal cord injuries in the National Referral Hospital, Bhutan","authors":"Kuenzang Wangdi, U. Tshering, Karma Phuentsho","doi":"10.47811/bhj.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.150","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The number of traumatic spinal cord injuries associated with a fracture is on rise which is compounded by rise in number of motor vehicle accidents in the country. The aim of the study was to assess frequency, cause, pattern, and demographic profile of traumatic spinal cord injuries in the Bhutanese population.\u0000Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at National Referral Hospital from 2018 to 2020. Hospital records of patients, treated for traumatic spinal cord injury were reviewed.\u0000Results: Of the total of 100 patients with traumatic spinal injury admitted during study period, there were 69 males (69%) and 31 females (31%). The mean age was 44.18 years (±16.625 SD). Falls (61%) was most common cause of spine injury followed by road traffic accident (27%). Lumbar spine injury was most common (42%) followed by cervical spine (31%) and thoracic spine (23%) injuries. Of 100 patients with spinal injury 63 patients did not have associated cord injuries while 37% of patients had associated spinal cord injuries and of those with spinal injuries, 20% of them had complete spinal cord injury (SCI) and 17% had incomplete SCI. Regarding treatment, 42% of spine injury patients underwent surgical procedures while 58% were managed conservatively. The mean length of hospital stay after spinal injury was 6.62 days (± 26.06 SD, range 1-215).\u0000Conclusions: The study found that most common cause of spine and associated cord injuries were falls followed by road traffic accidents. By collaborating with traffic and road safety division, our study findings have potential to significantly reduce road traffic accidents and enhance preventive measures. Additionally, we can provide valuable education to families regarding rehabilitation and social support, ultimately leading to improved outcomes and better quality of life for individuals living with spinal cord injuries.","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129128933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge and preventive practice on Sexually Transmitted Infections among first year students in Nursing Colleges of Bhutan 不丹护理学院一年级学生关于性传播感染的知识和预防实践

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.151

Tshewang Nidup, K. Yangden, Ripa Chakma

{"title":"Knowledge and preventive practice on Sexually Transmitted Infections among first year students in Nursing Colleges of Bhutan","authors":"Tshewang Nidup, K. Yangden, Ripa Chakma","doi":"10.47811/bhj.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are increasing globally and became the public health concerns particularly in adolescents. The adolescents are prone to get STI’s due to involvements of unhealthy behavior. However, adolescents having deficiency in identifying the signs and symptoms of STIs, could lead to complications such as infertility, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). No studies have been conducted among nursing students regarding knowledge and preventive practice on STI. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the information about nursing college students’ knowledge and preventive practice on STIs.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among first-year nursing students among four nursing colleges of Bhutan. Purposive sampling was used. Self-administrative questionnaire including information on demographic characteristics, knowledge and preventive practice on STI was given.\u0000Results: A total of 372 first year students from four nursing colleges in the age group of 18-22 years, participated in this study with 100% response rate. The mean age was 20.08 (±SD-1.83) years. Teacher (62.26%) was the main source of information on STI prevention. Majority of students (83%) knew that the most common methods of contraception (barrier) was condom. Half of the students (50.27%) had fair/intermediate level of knowledge, while less than 35% of the students had poor level of knowledge.\u0000Conclusions: Students knowledge level on STI was fair and found that condom was known as an effective barrier contraception.","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128658497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 challenges and management of human resource in health, Bhutan’s unique approach: Medical University’s contribution 2019冠状病毒病挑战和卫生人力资源管理:不丹独特的方法:医科大学的贡献

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.147

K. Tenzin, Deki Pem, D. Wangmo, Kipchu Tshering, Phurpa Phurpa, Karma Choden, Ugyen Wangdi, Phensum Tobgay, G. Tshering, Nguldup Gyeltshen, Kuenzang Kuenzang

{"title":"COVID-19 challenges and management of human resource in health, Bhutan’s unique approach: Medical University’s contribution","authors":"K. Tenzin, Deki Pem, D. Wangmo, Kipchu Tshering, Phurpa Phurpa, Karma Choden, Ugyen Wangdi, Phensum Tobgay, G. Tshering, Nguldup Gyeltshen, Kuenzang Kuenzang","doi":"10.47811/bhj.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.147","url":null,"abstract":"In March 2020, the country saw its first case when a foreign tourist tested positive for COVID-19 at Thimphu. There was immediate activation of national preparedness and response plan including the requirements for surge in human resource capacity to handle the novel infection. One key emphasis of the national response was to support the existing 3500 health care workforce by partnering with community in sharing pandemic-related activities. One such initiative was training a pool of people to shoulder basic responsibilities at quarantine and non-hospital isolation facilities. Therefore, Khesar Gyalpo University of medical Sciences of Bhutan was tasked to develop a training program and thus the De-suup plus program was designed with focus on people from non-medical background. This article attempts to describe the development and implementation of the training. The training constituted basic nursing competencies, personal protective equipment and essential public health preventive measures with the purpose of serving at quarantine and non-hospital isolation facilities in the Country.","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114365196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential sources of lead in children’s environments, Thimphu, Bhutan 儿童环境中的潜在铅源，廷布，不丹

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.145

Deki Pem, Ugyen Wangdi, Nguldup Gyeltshen, K. Wangdi, Chador Wangdi, Phillip Erbele

{"title":"Potential sources of lead in children’s environments, Thimphu, Bhutan","authors":"Deki Pem, Ugyen Wangdi, Nguldup Gyeltshen, K. Wangdi, Chador Wangdi, Phillip Erbele","doi":"10.47811/bhj.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.145","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is no level of lead in one’s blood that is known to be safe. Infants and children are exposed to lead through various sources in the environment. Lead-based paint, toys, play equipment, dust, and soil may all be potential sources of lead. Preventing lead exposure is essential to eliminate the permanent and life-long disability caused from lead poisoning. Previous work showed that 44% of children aged 2 - 60 months in a Bhutanese population have dangerously high (greater or equal to 5mg/dL) levels of lead. The sources of this lead toxicity, however, are unknown. This study was carried out to identify potential sources of lead in infants’ and children’s environments at health facilities, early childhood care and development and creche centers, public playgrounds, and schools in Thimphu Dzongkhag.\u0000Methods: An environmental survey using a portable X-ray Fluorescence (pXRF) was conducted from May 2021 to April 2022 to identify potential sources of lead in the environment in and around Thimphu, Bhutan.\u0000Results: A total of 777 tests were done to identify excessive amounts of lead from various items, including: toys, playground equipment, furniture, paints, and soil. A total of 16 tests had excessive amounts of lead, of which 15 were detected from playground equipment at public playgrounds. The most common color with excessive lead was yellow.\u0000Conclusions: Excessive amounts of lead were found in playground equipment as a possible source of lead exposure in children.","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131613113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence, risk factors and outcome of Postpartum Hemorrhage in a Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital: a retrospective case-control study. 吉美多吉旺楚克国家转诊医院产后出血的发生率、危险因素及结局:回顾性病例对照研究

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.143

Pasang Wangmo, Jigme Choden Jigme Choden, Sonam Wangden Sonam Wangden

{"title":"Incidence, risk factors and outcome of Postpartum Hemorrhage in a Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital: a retrospective case-control study.","authors":"Pasang Wangmo, Jigme Choden Jigme Choden, Sonam Wangden Sonam Wangden","doi":"10.47811/bhj.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47811/bhj.143","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Primary postpartum hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of maternal death in Bhutan but data on the incidence and risk factors for primary postpartum hemorrhage are scarce. The purpose of this research is to look into the incidence, its associated risk factors and maternal outcome of primary postpartum hemorrhage among women who gave birth at the national referral hospital.\u0000Methods: The incidence of primary postpartum hemorrhage was estimated total number of primary postpartum hemorrhage cases of total deliveries during the study period. A case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for primary postpartum hemorrhage. Cases of primary postpartum hemorrhage was defined by blood loss of greater or equal to 500ml in vaginal delivery or greater or equal to 1000ml for abdominal delivery within 24 hours of delivery. A multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated risk factors of primary postpartum hemorrhage.\u0000Results: Among 9,221 deliveries, primary postpartum hemorrhage occurred in 180 cases (1.95%; 95% CI=1.68%-2.26%) during two year period. The significant risk factors for primary postpartum hemorrhage were, labor induction (adjusted OR=2.27; 95% CI= 1.11-31.47, p=0.005), current pregnancy complications (aOR=2.50; 95% CI: 1.32-4.74, p=0.005), and gestational age at term delivery (aOR=6.49; 95% CI:1.12-37.48, p=0.037). The significant causes of primary postpartum hemorrhage were uterine atony (aOR=72.57; 95% CI:5.95-885.76, p=0.001), retained placenta (aOR=18.08; 95% CI:2.66-122.81, p=0.003) and perineal and cervical tear (aOR=27.80; 95% CI: 15.13-51.07, p less than 0.001).\u0000Conclusions: The incidence of primary postpartum hemorrhage was 1.95% which is lower compared to other South East Asian countries. The causes and risk factors identified in this study may help predict primary postpartum hemorrhage and aid healthcare providers in better management of primary postpartum hemorrhage in all women giving birth.","PeriodicalId":410038,"journal":{"name":"Bhutan Health Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129709647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Climate change and its implications on health in Bhutan 气候变化及其对不丹健康的影响

Bhutan Health Journal Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.47811/bhj.142

T. Dorji, D. Lucero‐Prisno

引用次数: 1