VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Critical and typological analysis of the habitat in Spain after developmentalism","authors":"G. Bernardo","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2022.17450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2022.17450","url":null,"abstract":"For the study at hand, it is necessary to analyse the constructive legacy of the last decades by identifying a model and a type of architecture that allows its study, as a specific example in time and place. With this in mind, we can justify a certain type of approach to the “new” architectural project, which may be somewhat appropriate to a given historical period. Today, cities are undergoing processes of certain obsolescence by presenting attributes that have become commonplace for urban reflection. (Guajardo, 2017). In Spain in particular, to speak of residential obsolescence refers mainly to social housing. These buildings were constructed in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and the issue of regeneration has become one of the major issues of concern to the public administration and therefore to the potential tenant or buyer in the field of residential housing. At present, where new construction is playing a secondary role (due to the excessive growth in construction prior to the 2008 crisis), the national housing stock is saturated and unaffordable. This situation prompts other strategies that respond to the criteria of taking advantage of existing housing, adapting them to the present day with more efficient and sustainable spatial needs. The recent pandemic has greatly restricted privacy in houses. It has raised concerns that the standard construction model we have had in Spain and Italy, (countries with very similar customs), responds to a rigidity that due to the partitions and dividing walls (among other elements) are not adaptable. As a result, it would be interesting to start thinking from the very genesis of the project about interchangeable, transformable, flexible spaces, which allow a better adaptation to current and future needs. In addition, this idea would also be useful for reconditioning the family nucleus as it changes over time. As a case study, we propose the analysis and study of the possibility to transform some prototypes of dwellings from the 1960s belonging to the so-called social housing in the district of Tres Forques in Valencia (eastern Spain), which can serve as an obvious example for the task in hand.","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89767378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential for architectural adaptation port silos","authors":"Nadia Yeksarova, V. Yeksarev, Andrey Yeksarev","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2022.17455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2022.17455","url":null,"abstract":"Post-industrial port structures occupy significant territories and play an important role in the architectural environment of port cities. Constantly changing social needs predetermine the search for new ideas and approaches to the reintegration of the former port territories and structures. The general tendency to preserve the integrity and successive development of the urban environment is the rejection of demolitions, unpromising losses from the standpoint of ecology, culture and economics. Architectural adaptation of a unique historical form (from an individual object to a territory) contributes to its integration into the urban infrastructure; is the art of connecting past and present. The article analyzes the potential of the combined urban planning and architectural value of historical silos as integral elements of port areas, with the aim of their reuse and sustainable development. The catalyst for the search for new ideas for filling, for a vivid imaginative solution of the “space of the future” is the characteristics of port engineering and technical structures (silos, warehouses, berths, cooling towers, etc.), their town-planning value. The overlap of different moments in time stimulates social interaction, forms the “spectacularity of opportunities”, a creative industry. The paper considers the trends and methods of adaptation (transformation, smart reuse) of port territories and silos into a dynamic sustainable environment.","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82298377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water security: the “new normality” of informal settlements. Nature-Based Solutions as sustainable mitigation and adaptation strategies","authors":"Mónica Alexandra Muñoz Veloza, Maria Caterina Dadati, R. Giordano, L. Savio","doi":"10.4995/vitruvioijats.2022.17437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvioijats.2022.17437","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic showed us how fragile cities are when dealing with this phenomenon. The lack of green areas, high pollution levels, and human overpopulation contributed to the increase of the urban heat island effect and proved to be the perfect ingredients for the spread of the virus that changed, perhaps forever, our ways of living inhabiting. The consequences were even more dramatic for the inhabitants of informal neighbourhoods, as these exacerbated existing problems related to economic instability and low food and water security. This paper proposes using Nature-Based Solutions to mitigate and adapt to climate change and increase access to water in informal settlements. The research study focused on analysing two technologies, the Blue-Green roof and Rain Garden, developing a prototype for each one. Considering that the practice of self-building characterises spontaneous settlements, the modules were conceived to be built by theinhabitants using recycled materials. These low-tech strategies improve indoor thermal comfort, facilitate thestorage of filtered rainwater for domestic use and provide access to affordable food through domestic scalecultivation. Implementing these solutions in marginalised neighbourhoods could also empower residents to face challenges related to Global Warming, such as runoffs generated by heavy precipitations, and improve hygienic conditions to prevent the spread of diseases.","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80369186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and technological flexibility for new housing needs","authors":"D. Radogna, Gerhard Kalhofer","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2022.17461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2022.17461","url":null,"abstract":"Over time, the economic and social conditions determined expansion and contraction processes of the domestic space (from the cave to the castle, from the castle to the studio flat) with important consequences on people’s life quality. This evolution stimulated the development of cultural debates and design experiments on the theme of flexibility. In the contemporary scenario, flexibility has a big value because it represents an important  design  strategy  to  meet  the  needs  of  contemporary  living  in  a  sustainable  dimension.  For  more  than  twenty  years,  the  authors  have  been  linked  by  a  working  relationship  aimed  at  comparing  theoretical  scientific developments and design practice. This paper offers some reflections on the evolution of flexibility concept  in  residential  construction  by  providing  concrete  examples  through  the  reading  of  some  projects.  The variations of flexibility are debated with reference to the people’s needs in the adaptive reuse of buildings. The writing faces the functional mix and the modifiability of interior spaces given by the design of flexible technological units (partitions, systems, furnishings) and mobile additions as well as the adaptability of the closures with respect to climatic and seasonal conditions. The theme of flexibility, too often “oversized” and not investigated in terms of feasibility, is presented in a possible and useful scale.  Flexibility is also faced as a new way for showing the link between utility and beauty of the spaces.","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73724803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Performing Aesthetics in Architecture: A Critical Study","authors":"P. Ghom, Abraham George","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16424","url":null,"abstract":"In architecture, Venustas (aesthetics) is always considered an important attribute along with Firmitas (firmness) and Utilitas (usefulness). Pursuing aesthetics/ beauty is one of the architect’s primary roles. However, it is critical to comprehend ‘What is aesthetics?’ and its implications for the built-unbuilt environment and human beings. In a world where everything is changing, are the definitions, concepts, and parameters of aesthetics consistent? Is it subject to change over time? If so, should architectural students and professionals be aware of it and trained in it? This study aims to critically assess and analyse the dynamic aspects of aesthetics from 3300 BCE to present and establish the ‘best fit’ definition of aesthetics in architecture. The methodology used for the study is a mixed-method approach, a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature to investigate the origin of aesthetics and aesthetics in philosophy, environmental psychology and architecture. The aspects, criteria and sub-criteria identified from the analysis. The consensus is taken from expert interviews and a questionnaire survey (n=72). Findings reveal that aesthetics in architecture is dynamic/ ever-changing. It has nine contributing aspects that make aesthetics a performing aesthetics that emphasises the enhanced worth and value for money invested. These nine aspects are spatial organisation, functional efficiency, social, psychological, environmental, maintenance, sustainability, technology, and economics. ","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86457716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective actions for reconfiguration of urban space Biały Bór, Poland","authors":"S. Ilchenko","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16163","url":null,"abstract":"Biały Bór is located in the former German territories that came to Poland after the Second World War. The almost complete replacement of the indigenous German and Jewish populations, initially by Polish and soon Ukrainian communities, was the result of the displacement of state borders by the eviction and relocation of millions of people. To do this, the authorities used certain strategies, which brought different approaches and constraints to local communities and urban spaces. The article considers the differences between the declared principles and the actual actions of the authorities in the context of “small stories” of all actors (national communities), as well as the tactics of indirect resistance of the local community to government pressure. Due to the remoteness of the place from the state center and due to its unanimity, the local community becomes the driving force of the spatial development of the city. And since the city is multicultural, the development of public spaces is influenced by the competitiveness (not confrontation) of two local communities. Therefore, the creation of public spaces is considered in the context of the rights of different groups to the city. This paper argues the conditions under which it is the collective actions of local communities that determine the change in the configuration of urban space.","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87157126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interview Giancarlo Mazzanti","authors":"Luís Manuel Palmero Iglesias, G. Bernardo","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16965","url":null,"abstract":"Giancarlo Mazzanti, (Barranquilla, Colombia), is one of the best architects on the current scene. Founder of El Equipo Mazzanti, his architecture promotes the values of development and social equity with projects that generate transformations and positive effects on the community. His work is multidisciplinary, ground-breaking, and multifunctional. He has developed and built educational, residential, urban improvement and social projects of great power and attractiveness, making him a reference architect on a global scale.","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84627187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Sensations in Architectural Spaces through Immersive Virtual Reality","authors":"H. C. Gómez-Tone, Jorge Martín-Gutiérrez, John Bustamante-Escapa, Paola Bustamante-Escapa, Betty K. Valencia-Anci","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16253","url":null,"abstract":"To design architectural spaces that not only respond to the basic needs of users, but also seek their emotional well-being, it is necessary for the architecture students to have a special sensitivity and be aware of the different sensations that their designs should and can evoke. To achieve this competence without exploring real spaces, Immersive Virtual Reality technology offers an important contribution to the field of architecture. The purpose of this research is to determine if the sensations perceived in virtual architectural spaces by students are similar to the real ones and to determine the characteristics of this technology that allow a better perception of sensations. Six architectural modules were designed to be walked through and experienced at real scale using a Head Mounted Display by 22 students of the first and fifth year of studies of Architecture career in Peru. An ad-hoc questionnaire allowed to know the perceived sensations and the benefits of the tool. The results obtained showed that the perception of sensations of the fifth year students is a little closer to those expressed by a group of seven experts compared to that of the first year students and that the students consider the characteristics of accessibility, real scale of the space and the possibility of going through and looking at the space in all directions are those that have given more realism to the experience and therefore better perception of the space, while the characteristics of natural light and shadows, construction materials and external environment have been less valued in the realism of the experience. It is concluded that the sensory experimentation in architectural spaces modelled realistically in virtual environments allows the perception of sensations very similar to those that the architect seeks to convey initially.","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74687551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative technologies, certification and assessment tools for a sustainable building heritage","authors":"Fabio Minutoli","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16530","url":null,"abstract":"E' evidente che buoni risultati nel campo della sostenibilità ambientale si possono ottenere da politiche di efficienza energetica per gli edifici - per lo più realizzati o in itinere - costruiti per oltre il 50% prima della disattesa legge 373/76 che prevedeva, nel periodo del petrolio europeo crisi, vincoli per la progettazione, installazione, esercizio e manutenzione degli impianti termici e requisiti per l'isolamento termico degli edifici per il contenimento dei consumi.Meno chiara è invece la parte di fabbricato oggetto di conservazione (ai sensi del D.Lgs. 42/2004 o previgenti normative in materia) o di immobili vincolati ope legis (art. 12 D.Lgs. 42/2004, asset appartenenti allo Stato, alle regioni, agli enti pubblici territoriali, nonché ad ogni altro ente ed istituto pubblico e soggetti giuridici privati senza scopo di lucro e che siano opera di autore non più in vita e la cui esecuzione risalga a più di settant'anni ), per i quali non sarebbe possibile applicare le limitazioni dei decreti 192/2005 e 311/2006, che esonerano gli edifici \"il cui rispetto dei requisiti comporterebbe un'alterazione inaccettabile della loro natura o aspetto, con particolare riferimento ai o caratteristiche artistiche\"degli obblighi di efficienza energetica.In questo lavoro si vogliono giustificare e illustrare alcune scelte fatte da istituti di ricerca internazionali in merito alla difficoltà di conciliare le nuove richieste di sostenibilità legate alla necessità di ridurre i consumi (soprattutto da combustibili fossili) con quelle del valore storico degli edifici oggetto di intervento , presentando criteri di valutazione che possano fornire un metodo oggettivo per quantificare la compatibilità tra nuovo ed esistente, criteri che – per avere capacità predittiva e quindi poter guidare le scelte ex ante e non misurarle ex post – utilizzino strumenti di progettazione digitale (BIM , GIS, ecc.).","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79672822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D survey and virtual reconstruction of heritage. The case study of the City Council and Lonja of Alcañiz","authors":"Marta Quintilla Castán, Luis Agustín Hernández","doi":"10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16567","url":null,"abstract":"With current data acquisition techniques, exhaustive documentation of patrimonial goods is generated, which allows obtaining a 3D geometric model, on which data from research from research is generated. As in other fields of architecture, the latest graphic techniques and manipulation of the image, allow a working methodology other than the current one in the patrimonial field. The information systems have been evolving towards technologies developed with open source software, the use of standards, ontologies and the structuring of information and of the 3D model itself under a semantic hierarchy. Interoperability between databases is favored and the maintenance of applications is ensured. The purpose is to support decision-making related to the model and simultaneously, serve multiple purposes such as cataloging, protection, restoration, conservation, maintenance or dissemination, among others. The research carried out for the realization of the survey of the City Council and Lonja of Alcañiz (Teruel), has the aim of expanding the historical knowledge of the buildings and delimiting its possible constructive phases, in order to obtain the geometric reality of the buildings. In this way, provide greater instruments to carry out the drafting work of the set restoration project. ","PeriodicalId":40999,"journal":{"name":"VITRUVIO-International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77449264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}