Environnement Risques Santé最新文献

{"title":"Effets et mécanismes d’action des phtalates sur les processus de reproduction et la santé reproductive : revue de littérature","authors":"Julien Caudeville","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1575","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134122952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of cumulative risk assessment methods to identify exposure hotspots","authors":"Julien Caudeville","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1567","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117263912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children of the biosphere, exiles of the Anthropocene","authors":"L. Magnenat","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1555","url":null,"abstract":"The author takes a psychoanalytical approach to the fact that mental health is currently under pressure from the environmental crisis, of which the coronavirus pandemic is one manifestation. People are also unconsciously traumatized by the moral injury of feeling betrayed by methods of governance that idealize indecent consumerism and hide the truth of the environmental crisis, that \"speak\" of energy transition while \"doing\" nothing decisive, that force people to live in a world that is beyond ordinary decency and any feelings of goodwill toward other living species. Under this pressure, everyone breaks down along his or her own psychological fault lines.","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115504886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and social vulnerabilities: observations and outlook for a more sustainable management","authors":"S. Host, Catherine Mangeney, I. Grémy","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1554","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, pandemics have produced higher rates of infection and mortality among the most disadvantaged communities. The current COVID-19 pandemic does not deviate from this observation, in that disproportionately high mortality rates are observed in the poorest territories. These inequalities result from three main, often cumulative factors: differentiated vulnerability to the epidemic, higher risks of exposure to the virus due to living conditions and poorer access to healthcare and prevention. This article examines these aspects and explores the potential consequences for health inequalities of the lockdown, re-emphasizing the importance of considering social inequalities in public health policies.","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127230166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of lockdown on air quality: a look back at spring 2020","authors":"L. Rouïl, A. Colette","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1561","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an analysis of the impact on air quality of lockdown measures implemented throughout Europe for nearly two months in spring 2020 to combat the Covid-19 health crisis. These measures have resulted in a drastic and unprecedented reduction in nitrogen dioxide emissions, mainly emitted by road traffic. Several European teams have conducted studies with the same objective, but with possibly different methods. Here, we applied two approaches based on the implementation of the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model to France and to Europe. One is based on the use of air quality simulations in which measurement data from in-situ monitoring networks are adjusted to correspond closely to observations. The other interprets emission reduction scenarios typical of lockdown measures. The advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. However, they lead to conclusions that are consistent with each other, and with most of the studies identified on the subject: lockdown naturally decreased nitrogen dioxide concentrations by up to 60% in all large European cities. These studies make it possible to set an upper limit of these levels which will be difficult to lower. On the other hand, the levels of particulate matter, which is influenced by sources other than road traffic and by complex physicochemical phenomena, decreased less and followed a different curve, as the lockdown effect was felt a few days later. These results provide essential insights for decision-makers designing public policies for air quality.","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124827231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposition prénatale aux substances per- et poly-fluoroalkylées, méthylation de l’ADN dans le sang du cordon, et indicateurs cardiométaboliques chez le nouveau-né : l’étude « Healthy Start »","authors":"E. Gnansia","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125307301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particules en suspension dans l’air : une estimation du fardeau sanitaire deux fois plus importante que les précédentes pour les PM2,5 issues de la combustion des énergies fossiles","authors":"G. Guillossou, Yelva Roustan","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1550","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"15 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113933683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerosol transmission and COVID-19: overview","authors":"P. L. Cann","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1557","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV 2, the agent of the disease known as COVID-19, appeared in China at the end of 2019. The virus is transmitted primarily through the air in droplets or microdroplets emitted by symptomatic (through coughing or sneezing or during aerosol-generating procedures) or asymptomatic (through breathing or speaking) infected persons. This article reviews the current knowledge about the sizes of droplets emitted, the quantity of viral particles potentially emitted, the parameters influencing the conditions of transport and survival of these viral particles, including atmospheric conditions, and the impact on the development of the disease. It also discusses the parameters of risk assessment and recommendations for ventilation of indoor spaces. © 2021 John Libbey Eurotext. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133650509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution inégale de la surmortalité attribuée à la Covid-19","authors":"Y. Remvikos","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121682382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater monitoring in support of health surveillance of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"J. Lesne, Y. Lévi","doi":"10.1684/ers.2021.1558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1558","url":null,"abstract":"Surveillance of infectious disease pandemics is traditionally carried out by the inventory of individual clinical cases, mortality, and biological testing. Collective monitoring through the analysis of biomarkers in wastewater is a new complementary approach developed due to progress in analytical chemistry. It supports epidemiological studies for the estimation of the prevalence of viral infectious diseases within communities connected to the same wastewater sewage network. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this type of approach has developed widely and rapidly around the world, due to its anticipated benefits. The article builds on early work published since January 2020 in a rapidly evolving literature. It shows that the method has limitations related in particular to the sampling strategy, analytical matrix effects, interlaboratory variability of results, and also uncertainties about individual viral excretion in feces. In almost all cases, it uses genomic detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus by quantitative PCR and is therefore unable to characterize its infectivity. The results showed a relatively good relation between genome concentrations in wastewater and numbers of confirmed cases. The virus detections seemed to appear a few days before the changes observed on the basis of the clinical and test screenings and can alert the health authorities to the geographical progression of an expected epidemic or to anticipate their reaction in the event of a new spike of the current epidemic. Knowledge of the evolutionary trends of wastewater virus contamination in cities, or even in city districts, also makes it possible to better target geographically and over time the public health management actions intended to prevent the circulation of the virus in the population served by their sewerage systems. In connection with health surveillance, the method is intended to contribute to the development of epidemiological models to predict the evolution of the pandemic at the local level. It is expected to develop into a permanent surveillance network over the territories, providing early, real-time epidemiological indications. Wastewater monitoring could also feed a pool of control samples to determine retrospectively when a new outbreak of viral infection has entered a territory.","PeriodicalId":409802,"journal":{"name":"Environnement Risques Santé","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126618855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}