ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"The Perverse Costly Signaling Effect on Cooperation under the Shadow of the Future","authors":"Kenju Kamei","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3707295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3707295","url":null,"abstract":"A literature in the social sciences proposes that humans can promote cooperation with strangers by signaling their generosity through investment in unrelated pro-social activities. This paper studied this hypothesis by conducting a laboratory experiment with an infinitely repeated prisoner’s dilemma game under random matching. A novel feature of the experiment is that each player first decided how much to donate to a charitable organization, the British Red Cross, and then this donation information was conveyed to the player’s matched partner. Surprisingly, the donation activities significantly undermined cooperation. This negative effect of charitable-giving was consistently observed regardless of whether players had a post-interaction opportunity to punish the partners. A detailed analysis suggests that the negative effect (a) resulted from the transmission of the charitable-giving information, not from the fact that subjects engaged in the charitable-giving, and (b) was caused by mis-coordination between the two parties who can both costly signal their generosity. This suggests that letting players have an implicit costly signaling opportunity has damaging unintended consequences for their interactions among strangers. Possible ways to encourage players to use costly signaling for mutual cooperation, such as partner choice, are also discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130951554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmer Organizations and Maize Productivity in Rural Burkina Faso: The Effects of the Diversion Strategy on Cotton Input Loans","authors":"S. Traore","doi":"10.1111/rode.12674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12674","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the impact of the diversion strategy of cotton inputs on maize productivity among farmer organization (FO) members in Burkina Faso, based on an endogenous treatment effect model. This impact is assessed by measuring the effects of the producers’ strategy of using part of their cotton inputs for growing other crops, such as maize. The data from a 2014 multisectoral survey in Burkina Faso were used. The main result is that maize productivity is 59.11% lower for FO members who divert their cotton inputs. We suggest the development of financing systems for cereals, similar to those in the cotton sector, and the establishment of monitoring the use of input credits.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"29 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125797310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Private Prerogative, Public Purpose: Political Entrepreneurship and Management in Frederick the Great's Anti-Machiavel","authors":"A. Salter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3141347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3141347","url":null,"abstract":"I contribute to the literature on public entrepreneurship and management by analyzing the role of the political entrepreneur in Frederick the Great’s Anti-Machiavel. Frederick the Great (Frederick II of Prussia) is best known for turning Prussia into an international power during the mid- to late-18th century. His perspective on governance contains many valuable insights into the nature of political entrepreneurship, the institutions within which it occurs, and its effects on material prosperity. I detail key points from Anti-Machiavel that can advance scholarship on political entrepreneurship, and conclude by discussing how Frederick’s insights into political entrepreneurship can be put to work.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"515 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132593214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weighted Representative Democracy","authors":"M. Pivato, Arnold Soh","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3468210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3468210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We propose a new system of democratic representation. Any voter can choose any legislator as her representative; thus, different legislators can represent different numbers of voters. Decisions in the legislature are made by weighted majority voting, where the weight of each legislator is determined by the number of voters she represents. We show that, if the size of the electorate is very large, then with very high probability, the decisions obtained in the legislature agree with those which would have been reached by a popular referendum decided by simple majority vote.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125066813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utilitarian Social Choice Functional","authors":"S. Lahiri","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3263985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3263985","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce the concept of a social choice functional and provide two axiomatic characterizations of the utilitarian social choice functional. Subsequently we consider Harsanyi’s weighted utilitarianism and establish two more propositions concerning the same. While the first is an axiomatic characterization of Harsanyi’s weighted utilitarianism, the second provides a sufficient condition for exact Harsanyi’s weighted utilitarianism.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128617873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bank Lobbying: Regulatory Capture and Beyond","authors":"Deniz Igan, T. Lambert","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3128829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3128829","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, our goal is to discuss whether and how bank lobbying in the United States leads to regulatory capture. First, we provide an overview of the importance of and motivations behind bank lobbying. Second, we examine the impact of lobbying on banking regulation and supervision by reviewing recent empirical evidence. Third, we discuss the effect of the rising influence of the banking industry on the global financial crisis. Finally, we conclude with policy implications.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123529225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous Policy Conference Summary Report: Beyond Reconciliation","authors":"Sophie Lorefice, Brendan Boyd, G. Caron","doi":"10.11575/SPPP.V10I0.43131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11575/SPPP.V10I0.43131","url":null,"abstract":"The School of Public Policy (SPP) at the University of Calgary organized a conference to announce the establishment of its Indigenous Policy program and to share knowledge and stories about policy issues critical to Indigenous Peoples in Canada. The conference, titled “Beyond Reconciliation,” was held at the University of Calgary Downtown Campus on Nov. 21, 2016 and was attended by 73 participants. This included Indigenous elders, chiefs and leaders, and members of Indigenous organizations, including a women’s group. Also included were members of universities and academic institutions, including students; industry representatives from the oil and gas, pipeline, forestry, electricity, legal and financial sectors; as well as representatives from government and regulatory agencies. The purpose of the conference was established with the following abstract, which was circulated to speakers and participants: The School of Public Policy is establishing a new Indigenous Policy program in order to produce widely disseminated research and engage in outreach that covers an array of policy areas, such as health, education, self-government, and natural resource development. The program will directly engage Indigenous communities in the search for original, long-term, and evidence-based solutions, as part of an effort to improve our national capacity in problem-solving and policy development. The conference will provide a platform to launch the program, showcasing preliminary research and providing a venue for discussion of policy solutions. The conference included three moderated panel sessions and a keynote speaker.1 The first panel considered business and entrepreneurship in Indigenous communities; the second panel showcased case studies that are examining the experiences of Indigenous communities with natural resource development projects, and particularly their experiences with consultation and engagement. The final panel focused on ways of improving the consultation and engagement process with Indigenous communities. This report summarizes both the presentations and the major themes explored at the conference. The purpose is to capture the ideas and debates emerging from the conference, and provide an overview of the day for interested policy-makers and the public. The report begins with an outline of the agenda, before summarizing each of the panel sessions and the keynote speaker’s presentation. The concluding section provides a discussion of the key themes emerging from the conference and next steps for policy-makers and researchers. Three students enrolled in the SPP’s Master of Public Policy program took detailed notes throughout the day. The authors thank them for their thoroughness. The student notes and the authors’ notes were used to inform this report.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121092608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Развитие концепции социальной экономики (Development of the Concept of Social Economy)","authors":"Venelin Terziev, V. Banabakova, Marin Georgiev","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3143070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3143070","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> Национальная Концепция социальной экономики представляет собой выражение социальных обязательств государства по созданию и укреплению благоприятной среды для создания и развития моделей и практик в области социальной экономики в Республике Болгария. Она является выражением намерения и решимости для утверждения информированности, культуры и ценностей, связанных с предприятиями и организациями в сфере социальной экономики. Национальная концепция – это документ, который представляет собой видение и приоритетные цели по содействию развития социальной экономики в стране. Таким образом, эта концепция представляет собой активную позицию государства, сформированную в результате совместных усилий широкого круга заинтересованных сторон. В результате деятельности по формированию национальной позиции по вопросам социальной экономики в рамках Национальной концепции, ожидается, что будут разработаны и политики, которые приведут к улучшению качества жизни и благосостояния уязвимых групп граждан в обществе. <b>English Abstract:</b> The National Concept of social economy is an expression of the state's social obligations to create and strengthen an enabling environment for the creation and development of models and practices in the field of social economy in the Republic of Bulgaria. It is an expression of intention and determination to affirm the awareness, culture and values associated with enterprises and organizations in the social economy. The national concept is a document that represents a vision and priority goals to promote the development of the social economy in the country. Thus, this concept is an active position of the state, formed as a result of joint efforts of a wide range of stakeholders. As a result of the activities to form a national position on the social economy within the framework of the National Concept, it is expected that policies will be developed that will lead to an improvement in the quality of life and welfare of vulnerable groups of citizens in society.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125211302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Source Projects as Incubators of Innovation: From Niche Phenomenon to Integral Part of the Software Industry","authors":"J. Schrape","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2977352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2977352","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last 20 years, open source development has become an integral part of the software industry and a key component of the innovation strategies of all major IT providers. Against this backdrop, this paper seeks to develop a systematic overview of open source communities and their socio-economic contexts. I begin with a reconstruction of the genesis of open source software projects and their changing relationships to established IT companies. This is followed by the identification of four ideal-typical variants of current open source projects that differ significantly in their modes of coordination and the degree of corporate involvement. Further, I examine why open source projects have mainly lost their subversive potential while, in contrast to former cases of collective invention, remaining viable beyond the emergence of predominant solutions and their commercial exploitation: In an industry that is characterized by very short innovation cycles, open source projects have proven to be important incubators for new product lines and branch-defining infrastructures. They do not compete against classical forms of production but instead complement and expand these.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131101979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Death of Welfare Economics: History of a Controversy","authors":"Herrade Igersheim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2901574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2901574","url":null,"abstract":"The death of welfare economics has been declared several times. One of the reasons cited for these plural obituaries is that Kenneth Arrow’s impossibility theorem, as set out in his path-breaking Social Choice and Individual Values in 1951, has shown that the social welfare function – one of the main concepts of the new welfare economics as defined by Abram Bergson (Burk) in 1938 and clarified by Paul Samuelson in the Foundations of Economic Analysis (1947, ch. VIII) – does not exist under reasonable conditions. Indeed, from the very start, Arrow kept asserting that his famous impossibility result has direct and devastating consequences for the Bergson-Samuelson Social Welfare Function (1948, 1950, 1951a, 1963), though he seemed to soften his position in the early eighties. On his side, especially from the seventies on, Samuelson remained active on this issue and continued to defend the concept he had devised with Bergson, tooth and nail, against Arrow’s attacks (1967, 1977, 1981, 1987, 2005). The aim of this paper is precisely to examine this rather strange controversy, which is almost unknown in the scientific community, even though it lasted more than fifty years and saw a conflict between two economic giants, Arrow and Samuelson, and behind them two distinct communities–the fading welfare economics against the emerging social choice theory–, two conflicting ways of dealing with mathematical tools in welfare economics and, above all, two different conceptions of social welfare. By relying on different kinds of material, I attempt to grasp what the exchanges between Arrow, Samuelson and others, both overtly and behind the scenes, reveal regarding the motivations of my two main actors.","PeriodicalId":409714,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations (Analysis) (Topic)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115801203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}