{"title":"The Emergence of Management Controls in an Entrepreneurial Company","authors":"C. Akroyd, R. Kober, Danni Li","doi":"10.1111/acfi.12477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12477","url":null,"abstract":"The dilemma faced by founders of entrepreneurial companies is how to scale their business while staying in control. While the accounting literature has found that financial controls are important to rapidly scale a business, we do not know how these controls emerge in entrepreneurial companies in relation to other management controls. Using a case study of an entrepreneurial company that rapidly scaled its business, this study examines the management controls that emerged to become a package of controls. We highlight the importance of the management control package remaining in balance, with controls working together interdependently in a complementary fashion.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130446317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crowdsourcing Without Profit: The Role of the Seeker in Open Social Innovation","authors":"Krithika Randhawa, Ralf Wilden, J. West","doi":"10.1111/radm.12357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12357","url":null,"abstract":"Crowdsourcing has increasingly been studied as an open innovation (OI) mechanism by which organizations (seekers) engage with an external crowd of potential solvers. Previous crowdsourcing research has focused on solvers and their individual motivations, providing few insights as to why and how seekers use crowdsourcing, and how these choices affect the value that might be realized from these efforts. Prior research has also emphasized profit‐seeking firms, despite the use of OI practices by public sector organizations to achieve societal benefits. This paper examines the organizational and project‐level choices of government agencies that crowdsource from citizens to drive open social innovation, and thus develop new ways to address societal problems, a process sometimes termed ‘citizensourcing.’ Using rich data from 18 local government seekers that use the same intermediary, we develop a model of seeker crowdsourcing implementation that links a previously unstudied variance in seeker intent and engagement strategies to differences in project team motivation and capabilities, in turn leading to varying online engagement behaviors and ultimately project outcomes. Our study compares and contrasts governmental and corporate crowdsourcing to reveal that the non‐pecuniary orientation of both seekers and solvers means that the motives of government crowdsourcing are fundamentally different from corporate crowdsourcing, but the process in our sample more closely resembles that of a firm‐sponsored community rather than government sponsored contests. More generally, we show how seeker organizational factors and choices shape project‐level implementation and success of crowdsourcing efforts, as well as provide insights for OI activities of other smaller, geographically bound organizations.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127859478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Entrepreneurship Rates and Health Insurance Dependent Coverage Mandates","authors":"Andrew Boysen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3417903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3417903","url":null,"abstract":"Does the availability of health insurance for young adults affect entrepreneurial behavior? Prior research has proposed that the employer- provided system of insurance in the US may reduce entrepreneurship, as individuals are locked into an employer-employee relationship to maintain coverage. This paper proposes that policy effects may go beyond the binary, and shape choices around entrepreneurial form, such as the decision around incorporation. I use the adoption of 38 dependent coverage mandates in 31 states, passed from 1986 to 2013, and the adoption of a federal mandate in 2010 to analyze the impact of non-employer provided insurance on entrepreneurial activities. I find a positive relationship between the 2010 federal mandate and unincorporated entrepreneurship, and negative relationships between state and federal mandates and incorporated entrepreneurship. These results suggest that while a reduction in job lock through non-employer insurance for young adults may encourage unincorporated entrepreneu...","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129713595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Governance, Entrepreneurship and Employment Growth in Africa: Does Resource Richness Matter?","authors":"Haggai Kennedy Ochieng, Sungsoo Kim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3440975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3440975","url":null,"abstract":"Economic retardation in resource rich economies continues to elicit concerns among economists and development experts. This retardation has been linked to resource endowments and the neglect for institutions of governance in resource rich economies. This paper investigates the effects of governance, financial market development, labor market freedom and human capital on economic performance in resource rich countries in Africa. Using micro level employment growth as a proxy for economic performance and based on OLS model, the study shows that governance and financial market development have a positive and statistically significant relationship with employment growth. Labor market freedom and human capital development exert a negative impact on employment growth. These results imply that good governance, measured by political stability and government integrity provides assurance to investors and entrepreneurs, thus fostering private sector investment in the economy. When the economy is characterized by higher degree of uncertainty as a result of poor governance, investors perceive of higher risk of investment. Consequently, risk-averse investors may hesitate to take economically productive initiatives or may exit the economy altogether. Financial market development encourages growth by enhancing allocative efficiency and flow of finance to productive and nascent entrepreneurs who often rely on external financing. The negative relationship between labor market freedom and employment growth in resource rich countries is counterintuitive. This result could imply that when employers have more freedom to hire and fire due to less government control of the labor market, they become less committed to employees since they find it easy to dismiss them without incurring significant costs. Human capital development could exert a negative influence on employment growth by delaying the joining of and participation in the labor market as potential employees delay seeking jobs to pursue education.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133028226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Funding the UN Sustainable Development Goals: Lessons from Donation-Based Crowdfunding Platforms","authors":"Michele Scataglini, M. Ventresca","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3328731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3328731","url":null,"abstract":"This working paper explores research on the rise and operations of donation-based crowdfunding platforms and the early work on system builders, in order to develop actionable insights to build a suite of crowdfunding solutions relevant to address the funding challenges to implement on the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). The orienting arguments treat donation-based crowdfunding as an early days but now stable dominant design technology and examine that model in the context of the work of system building. The core methodology is based on comparative case study research, with unit of analysis being three successful donation crowdfunding platforms. The analysis is conducted using the University of Oxford Technology-Markets-Organizational Capabilities (TMO) vantage point on innovation strategy.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"11 17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134195796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taxes, Debt, Investments and the Choice of Business Form with Overconfident and Pessimistic Entrepreneurs","authors":"A. Miglo, M. Brodziak","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3408732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3408732","url":null,"abstract":"This article is the first to analyze the simultaneous choice of investment and organizational form using the behavioral finance approach. When entrepreneurs are rational, the choice of investment and organizational form is irrelevant in most cases. However, when entrepreneurs are overconfident/pessimistic, it leads to overinvestment/underinvestment. We show that a combination of corporate tax for limited liability businesses along with a universal personal income tax can improve the efficiency of decision-making and increase social surplus.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130373409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on Role of Bandhan Bank Microfinance in Women Entrepreneurship with Reference to Gorakhpur Region","authors":"V. Singh, Ugrasen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3309292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3309292","url":null,"abstract":"Concept of microfinance is emerged in order to meet the goal of empowerment of women, specially related to low-income and weaker section of society. Microfinance plays an important role in order to provide an entrepreneurial option for women, who are socially disadvantaged and economically exploited for their social and economic upliftment.<br><br>Microfinance is increasingly being considered as one of the most effective tools of reducing poverty and increasing financial inclusion. Mr. Chandra Shekhar Ghosh founded Bandhan financial services limited in the year 2001, in order to provide loans to weaker section of society, those who have not able to get the loans from traditional banking services. Women have also rights of good health, financial security, access of education and other opportunities and for that, microfinance has helped women to achieve these all rights in order to improve quality of their life in both economic and social settings.<br><br>And through this paper, efforts have been made to know the role of Bandhan bank microfinance in women empowerment through women entrepreneurship in Gorakhpur region, to know about the purpose of taking loans, what is the changes in the women’s socio-economic settings and to know about loopholes in these process and for reducing these all drawbacks what corrective measures should be taken with reference to future prospective in order to improve the process of microfinance in Gorakhpur region.<br>","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126435787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peer Review Mandates and CPA Entrepreneurship","authors":"Felix Vetter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3481398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3481398","url":null,"abstract":"I study whether mandatory peer review affects CPA entrepreneurship—that is, CPAs’ decisions to start, continue, or cease operating their own CPA firms. In an effort to promote service quality, CPA firms have to be reviewed by other CPA firms to meet licensing requirements. While this peer review system is the main oversight mechanism for CPA firms without public clients, little is known about its consequences. I exploit the staggered introduction of peer review mandates and, using a novel dataset based on CPA licenses, find that CPA entrepreneurship declines with the introduction of mandatory peer review—CPA entrepreneur entries decline, and CPA entrepreneur exits increase. Exits are pronounced for young female CPA entrepreneurs but not for CPA entrepreneurs subject to disciplinary actions. \u0000These findings suggest that differences in the costs of meeting licensing requirements, rather than active screening on service quality, explain the observed heterogeneity in exit effects.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128411974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Influence of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Listing on the Ghana Alternative Market (GAX): Prevailing Factors","authors":"B. Johnson, R. Kotey","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3307400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3307400","url":null,"abstract":"Ghana Alternative Market was set up for SMEs and startups, who usually did not meet the requirements of the main stock exchange, to be listed and have access to equity financing. However, it has not been successful at getting SMEs listed, recording only 4 listings since its inception. This motivated the study to access factors that affect SMEs listing on the Ghana Alternative Market. Using a quantitative approach, we sampled 50 SMEs, 21 Brokers and 3 SMEs already listed on the GAX. We found that over half of the SMEs had some information about the GAX. However, their knowledge with regards to the benefits of listing on the GAX as well as what they require to list is very limited. Also the findings revealed that SMEs had a difficulty accessing stock market operators as well as stock market information. LDMs showed commitment to the development of the GAX, however their efforts at getting SMEs on board has been passive. SMEs sampled also showed that they are willing to swap from alternative funding sources to the GAX when their concerns are addressed. They also stated that the relevant stakeholders should provide more information and education about the GAX in order to make it a viable option for them.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132282922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic Consequences of Risk and Ability Disclosures: Evidence From Crowdfunding","authors":"Joshua M. Madsen, Jeff L. McMullin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3202453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3202453","url":null,"abstract":"We exploit the introduction of a \"risks and challenges\" (RC) section on the crowdfunding website Kickstarter.com to study the role of disclosure in markets characterized by severe information asymmetries and agency frictions. Although the RC section contains voluntary and unaudited disclosures, after its addition projects with already observably risky characteristics attract fewer backers and are less likely to be funded, and project creators who respond to the prompt to discuss risks and abilities increase their non-risk disclosures and use a financing structure that accommodates greater risk. Risky projects attract relatively more backers and funding when project creators respond to the prompt, consistent with increased disclosure mitigating market frictions. Our findings suggest that crowdfunders change the types of projects they support and that project creators modify their disclosures and financing structure when prompted to consider risks.","PeriodicalId":409712,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Entrepreneurs (Finance) (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116310899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}