{"title":"Çocuklarda Kanıta Dayalı Probiyotik Kullanımı","authors":"Bahar Kural","doi":"10.20515/otd.681546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.681546","url":null,"abstract":"Probiyotikler, uygun miktarda verildiginde alicinin sagligina yarar saglayan canli mikoorganizmalardir. Gunumuzde sayilari giderek artan bilimsel arastirmalarda, probiyotiklerin bazi hastaliklarin onlenmesinde, tedavisinde kullanilabilecegine isaret etmektedir. Bu derlemede, kanita dayali tibbi uygulamalar isiginda, cocuklarda probiyotik kullanimi degerlendirilmistir.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121905069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emzirme Sorunlarına Kanıta Dayalı Yaklaşım","authors":"Perran Boran","doi":"10.20515/otd.681551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.681551","url":null,"abstract":"Emzirme sorunlari dogum sonrasi ilk bir ayda yaklasik %70 siklikla yaygin gorulmekte, emzirmenin erken sonlanmasi, postpartum depresyon gibi olumsuz sonuclar dogurmaktadir. Annenin emzirme konusunda profesyonel destek almasi ise sadece anne sutuyle emzirme basarisini arttirmaktadir. Bu yazinin amaci sadece anne sutuyle beslenmenin onundeki en buyuk engellerden, yaygin gorulen emzirme sorunlarini kanita dayali olarak guncel arastirmalar esliginde tartismaktir. Bebegin memeye yerlesme sorunlari ve agrili meme ucu emzirme ile ilgili kaygilarin basinda gelmektedir. Bu sorunlarin erken saptanmamasi halinde sutte azalma ve bebekte yetersiz tarti alimi ile sonuclanmaktadir. Son yillarda yapilan ultrason calismalari emzirme konusunda yeni bilgiler ortaya koymaktadir. Basarili emzirmede anne bebek ikilisinin erken ten tene temasi, dogum sonrasi 1-2 saatlik pencere doneminin kacirilmayarak bebegin primitif reflekslerinin harekete gecirilmesi, annenin guvenini kiran mudahaleci yaklasimlar yerine, anneye ozguven kazandirilmasi, rahat bir emzirme icin bedenen ve ruhen hazirlanmasi, uygun memede yerlesimle, sik emzirme onerilmektedir. Anne sutunu arttirmak icin kullanilan bitkisel urunlerde standardize doz olmamasi, olasi kirleticiler, alerjik potansiyelleri ve olasi ilac etkilesimleri nedeniyle kullanilmasi onerilmemektedir.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129130969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Çocuk Onkoloji Hastalarının Kemoterapi Öncesi ve Sonrası Serolojik Yanıtlarının Değerlendirilmesi","authors":"Pınar Yılmazbaş, Hilal Şen, Süheyla Ocak, Gülbin Gökçay","doi":"10.20515/otd.681541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.681541","url":null,"abstract":"Bu calismada cocuk onkoloji servisinde solid organ malignitesi tanisi ile takip edilmis olan hastalarin kemoterapi oncesi ve sonrasi hepatit b virusu (HBV) ve varisella zoster virusu (VZV) serolojilerinin degerlendirilme oranlari, antikor yanitlarinin tedavi sonrasi degisip degismediginin saptanmasi ve buna neden olabilecek faktorlerin arastirilmasi amaclanmistir. Calismamizda Mart 2016-Nisan 2019 tarihleri arasinda cocuk onkoloji servisinde solid organ malignitesi tanisi ile takip edilen ve kemoterapi almis olan hastalarin dosyalari geriye donuk olarak degerlendirilmistir. Cocukluk cagi kanseri (losemi disi) nedeni ile takip edilmis olan 75 hastanin 24’u (%32) kiz idi. Anti Hbs antikoru bakilan 70 hastanin 44’unde (%58.6) anti Hbs pozitif, anti VZV antikoru bakilan 62 hastadan, 48’inde (%64) anti VZV pozitif idi. Kemoterapi oncesi anti Hbs pozitif olan 44 hastanin 8’inde (%18.1) kemoterapi sonrasi anti Hbs negatiflesmistir. Kemoterapi oncesi anti VZV pozitif saptanan 48 hastanin 4’unde (%8.3) kemoterapi sonrasi anti VZV negatiflesmistir. Tek doz sucicegi asi yanitinin kemoterapi sonrasi kaybolma orani, dogal yol ile gelismis antikor yanitinin negatiflesme oranindan daha yuksek saptanmistir. Daha once bu iki durumu karsilastiran calisma olmadigi icin verilerimiz yol gosterici olabilir. Purin analogu, siklofosfamid, steroid kullanimi ve hastalik evresi ile anti HBs ve anti VZV serolojilerinin negatiflesmesi arasinda iliski saptanmamistir. Onkoloji hastalarinin tedavi oncesi ve sonrasi bagisiklik durumlarinin degerlendirilmesi konusunda daha genis capli calismalara ihtiyac vardir ve bu hastalar icin rehberler olusturulmasi uygun olacaktir.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127811792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genişletilmiş Bağışıklama Programına Her Yönüyle Bakış","authors":"Filiz Şimşek Orhon","doi":"10.20515/otd.681563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.681563","url":null,"abstract":"Cocuklarin saglikli yasam hakkinin en temel bilesenlerinden birisi asilama ile onlarin hastaliklara karsi korunmasidir. Bagisiklama hizmetleri, asi ile onlenebilir hastaliklarin ve olumlerin onlenmesi acisindan cocuklara yonelik onemli toplum sagligi mudahaleleri arasinda yer almaktadir. Ulkemizde 1981 yilinda Genisletilmis Bagisiklama Programinin uygulamaya konmasi ile birlikte bagisiklama konusunda aktiviteler hizla ilerlemis ve gunumuze kadar suregelmistir. Genisletilmis Bagisiklama Programinda amac; hassas yas gruplarina enfeksiyona yakalanmalarindan once ulasip bagisiklanmalarini saglamak ve asi ile korunulabilir hastaliklardan kaynaklanan hastalik, sakatlik ve olumleri onlemektir. Programin en onemli hedeflerinden birisi; her bir antijen icin ulke genelinde %97 asilama hizina ulasmak ve devamliligini saglamaktir. Ulkemizde uygulanan guncel ulusal asilama programi icinde difteri, tetanoz, bogmaca, cocuk felci, tuberkuloz, kizamik, hepatit B, hemofilus influenza Tip B, kizamikcik, kabakulak, pnomokok, hepatit A ve sucicegi olmak uzere 13 enfeksiyon hastaligina karsi gelistirilmis asilar bulunmaktadir. Ayrica cocukluk yas grubu asilamasi disinda, eriskinlere ve risk grubunda bulunan bireylere yonelik asi uygulamalari da vardir. Ulkemizde son yillarda lokal epidemiyolojik degisiklikler, gocler, importasyon riski, salgin riski ve yas gruplarina gore risk artisi gibi degisen kosullara uygun olarak yogun asilama programlari gerceklestirilmis ve asi takviminde degisiklikler yapilmistir. Guncel asilama programini degerlendirirken enfeksiyon etkenleri ile ilgili olarak yapilmis epidemiyolojik calismalari ve surveyans calismalarini dikkate almak gereklidir. Asi alanindaki gelismelere bagli olarak, ulusal bagisiklama cizelgelerinin guncellenmesi, gelismelerin uygulamaya yansitilmasi ve devamliliginin saglanmasi bagisiklama programinin basarisinin devam ettirilmesinde onemlidir.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129763981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alerji ve Aşılama","authors":"Seda Topçu","doi":"10.20515/otd.681518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.681518","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination is the most effective public health practice to prevent infectious diseases with high morbidity and mortality. As the rate of vaccination increased, infectious diseases decreased considerably. Today, with the reduction of diseases, attention has been focused on the side effects of vaccines. The most important and common of these side effects are serious allergic reactions. A history of a serious allergic reaction to a vaccine should be considered as a contraindication to additional doses of the same vaccine. However, a severe allergic response to the vaccine is rare, can occur in any individual and is difficult to predict. Almost all vaccines have the potential to trigger anaphylaxis and all vaccine components can cause anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions after vaccination may be due to microbial antigens, stabilizers, preservatives, adjuvants and contaminants from production. Most of these components are often present in small amounts that are insufficient to induce allergic reactions in most patients with possible hypersensitivity to the component. It should be determined whether the reaction after the vaccination is allergic or not. It is important to differentiate allergic reactions from the clinical picture that coincides with the vaccine. Fear and uncertainty against allergies may result in incomplete vaccination for children and adults with or without allergies, as the contraindications of vaccination are not clearly defined. Therefore, it is necessary to know the correct approach for re-vaccination of a patient with suspected allergic reaction after vaccination. In addition, vaccination with pneumococcal and influenza vaccines is recommended for individuals with chronic pulmonary disease, such as asthma.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126685712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pediatrik Kanser Hastalarının Ebeveynlerinin Sürekli Kaygı Düzeyleri ve Aşı Karşıtlığı","authors":"Özlem Tezol, Funda Erkasar, E. Çitak","doi":"10.20515/otd.681584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.681584","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer and cancer treatment in childhood cause decline or disappearance of vaccine antibodies.Childhood cancer survivors need revaccination for protection against life-threatening infections.In recent years anti-vaccination has become widespread.We aimed to investigate trait anxiety level and anti-vaccination in mothers of pediatric cancer patients. A descriptive questionnaire and State Trait Anxiety Inventory were conducted to mothers of 66 pediatric cancer patients who were under anticancer therapy.Anti-vaccination group defined as following:mothers who have revaccine hesitancy and refusal for their children after anticancer therapy and/or mothers who have vaccine hesitancy and refusal for sibling(s) of their children with cancer and/or mothers who have vaccine hesitancy and refusal for a newborn child in the event of giving birth to. Diagnosis were leucemia in 50%,lymphoma in 12.2%,brain tumor in 10.65%,solid tumors in 27.2% of patients.The most frequent information source that mothers consult about cancer and vaccines was health professionals.15% of mothers were in the opinion that vaccines may be carcinogenic,3% of mothers were in the opinion that previous vaccinations played a role in their childrens’ cancer and 22.7% of them were irresolute on this topic.The percentage of mothers who have revaccine hesitancy or refusal for their children after anticancer therapy was 12.1,the percentage of mothers who have vaccine hesitancy or refusal for sibling(s) of their children with cancer was 8.2,the percentage of mothers who have vaccine hesitancy or refusal for a newborn child in the event of giving birth to was 12.1. Fifteen (22.7%) mothers took part in the anti-vaccination group.Patients’ age,gender,diagnosis,parental ages,parental education levels,familial income levels,number of children in the family,frequency of consulting health professionals,and trait anxiety scores were statistically similar between the groups with anti-vaccination and vaccination acceptance (p>0.05). Larger sample sized and comprehensive searches are required to achieve revaccination and protect childhood cancer survivors from anti-vaccination movement.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133452140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aşı immünitesi ve yanıtını etkileyen faktörler","authors":"Sevtap Velipaşaoğlu","doi":"10.20515/otd.676787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.676787","url":null,"abstract":"Asilama en etkin ve guvenilir tibbi uygulamalardan birisidir, her yil milyonlarca yasami kurtarir. Asilara karsi olusturdugumuz yanit asiya, asilanan bireye ve saglik sistemine ait faktorlerden etkilenir. Asilara nasil yanit verdigimizi ve bu yanita etki edebilecek, sik karsilasilan durumlari bilmek bireylerin asi yanitlarindaki farkliliklari degerlendirmemize yardimci olacaktir.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115456496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pelvik Organ Prolapsusunda Semptomlar ile Kliniğe Başvuru Süreleri Arasındaki İlişki","authors":"Adnan Orhan, Kiper Aslan","doi":"10.20515/otd.622839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.622839","url":null,"abstract":"Pelvik organ prolapsusu kadin hayatinin ilerleyen yaslarinda cok siklikla gorulen parite, ilerleyen yas ve obezitenin temel risk faktorleri oldugu bir anatomik rahatsizliktir. Her ne kadar yasam kalitesini bozsa da bircok pelvik organ prolapsuslu hasta aslinda doktora gelmemekte veya cok gec doktora basvurmaktadir. Bu calismanin amaci pelvik organ prolapsuslu hastalarin hangi asamada doktora basvurdugu, semptomlarin baslangici ile doktora basvuru arasinda ne kadar surenin gectigini ve asil hangi nedenin doktora basvuru sebebi oldugunu saptamaktir. Bu prospektif arastirmada pelvik organ prolapsusu sikâyeti ile urojinekoloji poliklinigimize gelen hastalarin Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) pelvik muayenesi yapilarak, hastalarin ana basvuru nedeni ve hastalarin semptomatik oldugu andan itibaren doktora gelene kadar gecen sure arastirilmistir. Calisma kapsaminda 1473 hasta urojinekoloji poliklinigimize 01.01.2018 – 31.05.2019 tarihleri arasinda pelvik organ prolapsusu nedeni ile basvurmustur. Hastalarin %11,4’u semptomatik olur olmaz doktora basvurdugu halde, %42,7’si 1-3 yil sonra doktora basvurmustur. Basvuru esnasinda siklikla anterior veya apikal kompartman prolapsusu gorulmesine ragmen, doktora basvuru suresi uzadikca komplet uterin prolapsus gelisme ihtimali belirgin derecede artiyordu. Pelvik organ prolapsusu nedeni ile tarafimiza basvuran hastalarin ana basvuru sebebi yasam kalitesinde bozulmaydi. Pelvik taban defektleri kadinlarda ilerleyen yasla birlikte cok sik gorulmesine ragmen hastalarin sadece %10 kadari semptomatik oldugu anda doktora basvurmaktadir. Geriye kalan tum hastalar cesitli nedenlerle doktora basvuru geciktirmekte ve bu sorunu kendi baslarina cozmeye kalkismaktadirlar. Tum toplumda pelvik organ prolapsusu ve pelvik taban ile ilgili olarak daha fazla farkindalik olusturmaya gerek vardir.","PeriodicalId":409672,"journal":{"name":"Osmangazi Journal of Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114733667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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