Alerji ve Aşılama

Abstract

Vaccination is the most effective public health practice to prevent infectious diseases with high morbidity and mortality. As the rate of vaccination increased, infectious diseases decreased considerably. Today, with the reduction of diseases, attention has been focused on the side effects of vaccines. The most important and common of these side effects are serious allergic reactions. A history of a serious allergic reaction to a vaccine should be considered as a contraindication to additional doses of the same vaccine. However, a severe allergic response to the vaccine is rare, can occur in any individual and is difficult to predict. Almost all vaccines have the potential to trigger anaphylaxis and all vaccine components can cause anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions after vaccination may be due to microbial antigens, stabilizers, preservatives, adjuvants and contaminants from production. Most of these components are often present in small amounts that are insufficient to induce allergic reactions in most patients with possible hypersensitivity to the component. It should be determined whether the reaction after the vaccination is allergic or not. It is important to differentiate allergic reactions from the clinical picture that coincides with the vaccine. Fear and uncertainty against allergies may result in incomplete vaccination for children and adults with or without allergies, as the contraindications of vaccination are not clearly defined. Therefore, it is necessary to know the correct approach for re-vaccination of a patient with suspected allergic reaction after vaccination. In addition, vaccination with pneumococcal and influenza vaccines is recommended for individuals with chronic pulmonary disease, such as asthma.