The American journal of orthopsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Socially excluded young adult Israeli women's social activism: A new approach to promoting well-being.","authors":"Irit Birger Sagiv, L. Goldner, Yifat Carmel","doi":"10.1037/ort0000759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000759","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explored the developmental trajectories and increased well-being of socially excluded young Israeli adult women participating in civic engagement peer groups. Twenty-one women participated in a qualitative longitudinal study design comprising 50 in-depth semistructured interviews at four assessment times. The interoperative phenomenological analysis approach revealed three main themes demonstrating a shift from survival to thriving. The first theme, \"group connectedness,\" describes participants' positive feelings from participating in the group. The second theme, \"exploring and practicing civic engagement,\" covers the gains in women's civic engagement abilities and definitions. The third theme, \"From flaws to sparks,\" describes women's changes in mindset and their growing ability for reflection and making plans. The findings are discussed through the lens of the social justice paradigm to suggest a developmental model which sees developmental well-being as a human right. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"70 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child behavioral problems and parental adjustment: Family, interparental, and parent-child processes as simultaneous mediators.","authors":"Xiaomin Li, Chun Bun Lam, Kevin Kien Hoa Chung","doi":"10.1037/ort0000757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000757","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the associations of child behavioral problems with parental adjustment and whether family processes mediated such associations. Cross-sectional data were collected from the fathers, mothers, and class teachers of 186 kindergarten-aged children with special educational needs from Hong Kong, China (mean age = 61.6 months, and 136 of them were boys). Using questionnaires, parents reported their children's behavioral problems and their own adjustment and family processes. Meanwhile, class teachers rated children's behavioral problems. Multigroup analyses supported a mediation model that was invariant across fathers and mothers. Controlling for child and family demographic information, child behavioral problems were linked positively to parental depression and negatively to parental life satisfaction. Moreover, the link of child behavioral problems with parental depression was fully mediated by family economic pressures, marital conflict, and parent-child conflict, whereas the link of child behavioral problems with parental life satisfaction was fully mediated by family economic pressures and marital conflict. Theoretically, our findings pointed to the importance of considering multiple family processes in understanding the relationship between child characteristics and parental well-being among families with children with special educational needs. Practically, our findings highlighted the possible utility of equipping fathers and mothers of children with special educational needs with skills to reduce children's problem behaviors, cope with financial hardship, and manage marital and parent-child conflict. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"55 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140656599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stepping into the future of behavioral health: Opportunities, challenges, and possibilities.","authors":"Ronald W Manderscheid, Amy A Ward","doi":"10.1037/ort0000743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000743","url":null,"abstract":"To improve our practices of today and to overcome the problems that confront us at present, the behavioral health field must anticipate what the future is likely to bring. Such foresight is particularly important right now because of the changes and disruptions that have occurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic over the past 3 years. We begin by recounting major developments in the mental health field since the founding of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) more than 70 years ago, including some firsthand experiences of the senior author. Subsequently, we review the present situation of the behavioral health field with particular attention to the effects of COVID-19 and our current workforce crisis. Likely future scenarios are then described in two principal domains: clinical developments and community developments. Clinical developments over the next decade are likely to include much more self-directed, integrated, virtual, and personalized care. Community developments are likely to include self-empowering community interventions, better population health management, new collaborations with public health, and continued efforts to address stigma. To increase the probability of the future described, several facilitators are also outlined to create the conditions under which expected future developments can be expected to flourish. These include addressing the behavioral health workforce crisis, modernizing behavioral health clinical training, fostering opportunities for cross-sector work, fostering opportunities to engage in policy issues, creating centers of excellence for innovation in behavioral health, and fostering an integrated framework that undergirds behavioral health. The future we have described holds considerable promise for the behavioral health field and for all who suffer from mental or substance use conditions. We must begin working today to turn this potential future into tomorrow's reality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"48 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the role of residential care in care leavers' personal development and life outcomes.","authors":"Yafit Sulimani‐Aidan, Netta Achdut, Rami Benbenishty, A. Zeira","doi":"10.1037/ort0000748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000748","url":null,"abstract":"In the current quantitative study, we explored the perceived contribution of residential care (PCRC) to multiple life domains and the factors associated with these perceptions from three main stages in Israelis' care leavers' lives: precare, in care, and postcare. Drawing on a representative sample of 2,295 care leavers' retrospective reports, integrated with their longitudinal administrative records, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis and identified two constructs pertaining to participants' PCRC. The first focused on contribution to personal development, and the second on contribution to achieving tangible and intangible life outcomes. In-care experiences of peer and staff support were strong predictors of both perceived personal development and life outcomes. Only a few precare factors and none of the postcare factors were predictive of PCRC. Specifically, PCRC was lower among men compared with women. Additionally, compared to Israeli-born participants, PCRC to personal development was lower among Ethiopian immigrants but higher in the life outcomes domain. PCRC was also higher in both domains among participants whose parents had a criminal conviction. In the Discussion section, we highlight the importance of understanding care leavers' perceptions in relation to different life course stages. Implications for policy and practice in care and postcare are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"16 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140653654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online xenophobia and mental health among Venezuelan migrant youth in Colombia: The interplay with \"in-person\" discrimination.","authors":"C. Salas-Wright, Seth J. Schwartz, Mildred Maldonado-Molina, Brian TaeHyuk Keum, J. Mejía-Trujillo, M. F. García, Miguel Ángel Cano, Melissa M Bates, A. Pérez-Gómez","doi":"10.1037/ort0000730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000730","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging research provides insights into migration-related cultural stress experiences and mental health among Venezuelan migrants; however, prior studies have not considered the critical distinction between online xenophobia and in-person discrimination. To address this gap, we assess the psychometric properties of an abbreviated version of the Perceived Online Racism Scale (PORS) with Venezuelan migrant youth and examine the interplay between online xenophobia, in-person discrimination, and mental health. Survey data were collected from Venezuelan migrant youth (N = 319; ages 13-17, 49.5% female) in Colombia in April-July 2023. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the PORS, and multiple regression was conducted to examine key associations. The CFA showed excellent model fit: χ²(7) = 13.498, p = .061; comparative fit index = .989; Tucker-Lewis index = .977; root-mean-square error of approximation = .055; standardized root-mean-square residual = .026. Controlling for demographic factors, online xenophobia was associated with depressive symptoms (β = .253, p < .001) and anxiety (β = .200, p = .001). The online xenophobia-mental health association weakened when controlling for in-person discrimination but remained nevertheless significant (depression: β = .181, p = .002, anxiety: β = .135, p = .026). Interaction effects (Online × In-Person) revealed a pattern in which greater exposure to online xenophobia was associated with greater distress, but only at relatively low levels of in-person discrimination. Findings provide new insights regarding (a) the properties of an increasingly relevant measure of cultural stress, (b) how online xenophobia relates to mental health, and (c) the interplay of online and in-person cultural stressors vis-à-vis mental health among Venezuelan migrant youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140716245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between interconnectedness, compassion, and participation in collective action for people with mental illness: A random-intercept cross-lagged panel modeling approach.","authors":"Ben C L Yu, Winnie W. S. Mak, Amanda C M Fu","doi":"10.1037/ort0000744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000744","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to prospectively investigate the relationships between interconnectedness, compassion, and participation in private and public forms of collective action for people with mental illness. Public form refers to collective action at the macrolevel such as large-scale protests and demonstrations going on in the communities. Private form refers to collective action happening at the microlevel that targets promoting awareness of social inequalities and positive changes among personal social circles, such as calling out microaggressions or correcting others' stigmatizing language. Eligible responses from 501 participants were collected at baseline, with 345 and 318 participants retained at 6-month and 12-month follow-up assessments, respectively. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models were conducted to investigate the mediating role of compassion in the relationships between interconnectedness and participation in private and public forms of collective action. Interconnectedness was consistently associated with a higher frequency of participation in private form, but not public form, of collective action at subsequent time points. Contrary to the hypothesis, results showed the nonsignificant mediating effect of compassion between interconnectedness and participation in both forms of collective action. The present study highlights the potential of interconnectedness in promoting a private form of collective action for the rights of people with mental illness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"9 6‐7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences and similarities between ethnic-racial identity and critical consciousness links among diverse parents of color.","authors":"N. K. Christophe, Ariane Desmarais, Lisa Kiang, Shawn C T Jones, G. L. Stein, H. C. Stevenson, R. Anderson","doi":"10.1037/ort0000752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000752","url":null,"abstract":"Parents of color's critical consciousness development (understanding of and actions to redress societal inequalities) is an important yet understudied area, especially relative to the burgeoning literature on youth's critical consciousness development. As with youth of color, ethnic-racial identity, or the meaning and importance placed on one's ethnic-racial group membership, likely plays a notable yet complex role in parents' critical consciousness. Specifically, parents' participation in activities that engage them in the culture of their racial-ethnic group (exploration), the importance they place on race-ethnicity (centrality), and their perceptions of how society views their group (public regard) may each be differentially associated with understanding of inequalities (critical reflection), motivation toward ending inequalities (critical motivation), and the behaviors parents engage in to address inequalities (critical action). Further, it is possible that associations may vary across racial-ethnic groups given different sociocultural histories, experiences (including immigrant experiences), and positionality within the United States. In the present study, we employ multigroup structural equation modeling among a sample of 203 Black, 193 Asian American, and 188 Latinx parents (total N = 584, Mage = 44.46, SD = 2.49, 59.6% mothers) of an adolescent child between the ages of 13 and 17 to examine associations between ethnic-racial identity and critical consciousness across groups. Results indicate highly complex, group-specific relations between identity and critical consciousness: public regard was most consistently predictive of critical consciousness dimensions among Black parents. Exploration and centrality were most predictive among Asian American and Latinx parents, respectively. Implications for relations between ethnic-racial identity and critical consciousness in light of different group experiences are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences in global mental health.","authors":"John Sargent","doi":"10.1037/ort0000750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000750","url":null,"abstract":"Participating in Global Mental Health program development and education and training efforts is rewarding and exciting work. The author describes several global experiences he has engaged in over the past 30 years, which has focused on teaching and encouraging family therapy and mental health care that support human rights and promote human development as innovated and promoted by the Global Alliance for Behavioral Health, formerly the American Orthopsychiatric Association. The author learned through participation that merely presenting mental health information and treatment approaches through lecture presentation was not adequate to help professionals and advocates in low- and middle-income countries to build sustainable mental health care systems in their home regions. The author engaged in several collaborative program development efforts with local professionals at their invitation. These programs, consisting of multiyear partnerships based on the needs and culture of the home region, will be described in the article. The programs, based on relationships between local professionals and a U.S. team of experts in child mental health care, had long-term positive effects and were highly rewarding. The basis for these programs was an invitation by local professionals, followed by collaboration in setting the agenda for the U.S. professionals' visits, an on-going relationship in which local professionals trusted that the visitors want and need to understand the local cultural environment, and improvements that will be most helpful and sustainable. In this process, the author learned about the cultures he worked in and was a part of extremely meaningful and enlightening relationships and experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a strength-based approach to social work with minority groups: The case of at-risk young-adult Arabs in Israel.","authors":"Yafit Sulimani‐Aidan, Maayan Ravid, Haneen Elias","doi":"10.1037/ort0000746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000746","url":null,"abstract":"Social workers have a significant role in empowering clients to discover their own strengths as well as strengths in their environment and to achieve social justice on behalf of oppressed populations. The goal of this exploratory qualitative study was to broaden our knowledge on strength-based approaches in working with minority and collectivist societies via the perspectives of 20 social workers and 19 managers of social service organizations and departments who work with at-risk young-adult Arabs throughout Israel. Thematic analysis revealed that social workers consciously try to identify young adults' assets and resources at both the personal and environmental level, despite the major structural barriers in these young adults' lives (i.e., due to intersectionality). Also, they use their collaborative relationship with the young adults as a mechanism to induce hope, a sense of responsibility, a sense of agency, and empowerment. The discussion addresses the study's findings concerning the literature on strength-based approaches, highlighting the advantages and challenges in using such approaches when working with these populations. Recommendations for practical implementation propose the integration of thorough training in strength-based approaches into the professional socialization of emerging social workers. Moreover, it is suggested to establish a guiding principle by implementing a systematic assessment that aligns conceptually with strength-based approaches. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"5 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privilege and distress intolerance at the margins: Exploring the role of critical consciousness and entitlement.","authors":"Melanie E Brewster, Brandon L Velez, Wei Motulsky, Olivia R Snow, Elizabeth Glaeser, James D Goates, Nat Roberts, Taylor Orlandoni, David López Molina","doi":"10.1037/ort0000722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000722","url":null,"abstract":"With a U.S.-based sample of 219 people of color with diverse sexual orientations, the present study aimed to reveal how perceived privilege may be associated with distress intolerance, and the mediating roles of critical consciousness and entitlement. Data were also used to explore the interaction of sexual orientation status (heterosexual or sexual minority) with these paths. Via path analysis, we found that privilege was unrelated to critical consciousness, yielded a positive direct link to entitlement, and had a negative direct link to distress intolerance. Tests of indirect relations showed that privilege had a significant indirect relation to distress intolerance via entitlement but not critical consciousness. Regarding moderation analyses, the Privilege × Sexual Minority Status interaction predicting entitlement, privilege was significantly positively associated with entitlement among both heterosexual and sexual minority participants, but the association was significantly stronger for heterosexual participants. For the Critical Consciousness × Sexual Minority Status interaction predicting distress intolerance, the association of critical consciousness with distress intolerance was nonsignificant for both heterosexual and sexual minority participants, but the association changed direction and was significantly stronger for sexual minority participants. Indirect relations did not differ for sexual minority or heterosexual participants. Implications for future research and intervention are addressed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":409666,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of orthopsychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}