Central European Journal of Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Biodiesel production from low cost and renewable feedstock","authors":"V. Gude, G. Grant, P. Patil, S. Deng","doi":"10.2478/s13531-013-0102-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-013-0102-0","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable biodiesel production should: a) utilize low cost renewable feedstock; b) utilize energy-efficient, nonconventional heating and mixing techniques; c) increase net energy benefit of the process; and d) utilize renewable feedstock/energy sources where possible. In this paper, we discuss the merits of biodiesel production following these criteria supported by the experimental results obtained from the process optimization studies. Waste cooking oil, non-edible (low-cost) oils (Jatropha curcas and Camelina Sativa) and algae were used as feedstock for biodiesel process optimization. A comparison between conventional and non-conventional methods such as microwaves and ultrasound was reported. Finally, net energy scenarios for different biodiesel feedstock options and algae are presented.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115892415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “A fuzzy logic approach to modeling a vehicle crash test” by W. Pawlus, H. Reza, K. G. Robbersmyr","authors":"W. Pawlus, H. Karimi, K. Robbersmyr","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0055-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0055-8","url":null,"abstract":"The original version of the article was published in Central European Journal of Engineering 3, 67–79 (2013), DOI: 10.2478/s13531-012-0032-2. Unfortunately, the original version of this article contains a mistake in Figure 17. Here we display the corrected version of this figure.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"94 6 Pt 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129526801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fallback options for airgap sensor fault of an electromagnetic suspension system","authors":"K. Michail, A. Zolotas, R. Goodall","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0060-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0060-y","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a method to recover the performance of an electromagnetic suspension under faulty airgap sensor. The proposed control scheme is a combination of classical control loops, a Kalman Estimator and analytical redundancy (for the airgap signal). In this way redundant airgap sensors are not essential for reliable operation of this system. When the airgap sensor fails the required signal is recovered using a combination of a Kalman estimator and analytical redundancy. The performance of the suspension is optimised using genetic algorithms and some preliminary robustness issues to load and operating airgap variations are discussed. Simulations on a realistic model of such type of suspension illustrate the efficacy of the proposed sensor tolerant control method.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132415474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermomechanical analysis of an aircraft tire in cornering using coupled ale and lagrangian formulations","authors":"A. Konde, I. Rosu, F. Lebon, Olivier Brardo, B. Devésa","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0049-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0049-6","url":null,"abstract":"The thermomechanical behavior of an aircraft tire is predicted, using experimental devices, a model based on finite element software and an appropriate method of expressing the heat generated by skid in terms of the local friction coefficient, depending on the temperature. In the thermomechanical model, a steady state mechanical analysis is combined with a transient thermal problem. This combined approach is based on three main computing steps: the deformation step, the dissipation step and the thermal step. The deformation step calculates the stress and the velocity fields, which are used as inputs in the dissipation step to calculate the heat generated due to friction. The internal dissipation is assumed to be negligible. Finally, the thermal step yields new thermal maps based on the heat flux computed in the dissipation step. The coupling is established by updating the friction coefficient in the first two steps.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114041893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates with elastically restrained edges using FEM","authors":"Avadesh K. Sharma, N. Mittal","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0062-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0062-9","url":null,"abstract":"The application of FEM is shown for free vibration analysis of moderately thick laminated composite plates with edges elastically restrained against translation and rotation. The governing equations employed are based on the first order shear deformation theory including the effects of rotary inertia. Several combinations of translational and rotational elastic edge constraints are considered. Convergence study with respect to the number of nodes has been carried out and the results are compared with those from past investigations available only for simpler problems. Angle-ply and cross-ply laminates with different thickness-to-length ratios are examined. Comparisons are made with results for thin as well as moderately thick laminated plates.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130973178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real power regulation design for multi-terminal VSC-HVDC systems","authors":"Guojie Li, S. Ruan, T. Lie","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0064-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0064-7","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-terminal voltage-source-converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) system is concerned for its flexibility and reliability. In this study, a control strategy for multiple VSCs is proposed to auto-share the real power variation without changing control mode, which is based on “dc voltage droop” power regulation functions. With the proposed power regulation design, the multiple VSCs automatically share the real power change and the VSC-HVDC system is stable even under loss of any one converter while there is no overloading for any individual converter. Simulation results show that it is effective to balance real power for power disturbance and thus improves operation reliability for the multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system by the proposed control strategy.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132883290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of multispectral face recognition and multi-PTZ camera automated surveillance for security applications","authors":"Chung-Hao Chen, Yi Yao, Hong Chang, A. Koschan, M. Abidi","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0065-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0065-6","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increasing security concerns, a complete security system should consist of two major components, a computer-based face-recognition system and a real-time automated video surveillance system. A computerbased face-recognition system can be used in gate access control for identity authentication. In recent studies, multispectral imaging and fusion of multispectral narrow-band images in the visible spectrum have been employed and proven to enhance the recognition performance over conventional broad-band images, especially when the illumination changes. Thus, we present an automated method that specifies the optimal spectral ranges under the given illumination. Experimental results verify the consistent performance of our algorithm via the observation that an identical set of spectral band images is selected under all tested conditions. Our discovery can be practically used for a new customized sensor design associated with given illuminations for an improved face recognition performance over conventional broad-band images. In addition, once a person is authorized to enter a restricted area, we still need to continuously monitor his/her activities for the sake of security. Because pantilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras are capable of covering a panoramic area and maintaining high resolution imagery for real-time behavior understanding, researches in automated surveillance systems with multiple PTZ cameras have become increasingly important. Most existing algorithms require the prior knowledge of intrinsic parameters of the PTZ camera to infer the relative positioning and orientation among multiple PTZ cameras. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel mapping algorithm that derives the relative positioning and orientation between two PTZ cameras based on a unified polynomial model. This reduces the dependence on the knowledge of intrinsic parameters of PTZ camera and relative positions. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm presents substantially reduced computational complexity and improved flexibility at the cost of slightly decreased pixel accuracy as compared to Chen and Wang’s method [18].","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124821738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual band triangular slotted stacked microstrip antenna for wireless applications","authors":"V. Singh, Z. Ali, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. Ayub","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0041-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0041-1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper stacked configuration of microstrip antenna is used to produce dual wide band which is suitable for various wireless applications. Using triangular slot and stacking of foam substrate of dielectric constant 1, two bands of bandwidth 18.70% and 12.10% is obtained. The antenna is fed by coaxial probe feeding technique. The proposed patch antenna is designed on the foam substrate and simulated on the Zeland IE3D software.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128703620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing global food waste problem: pinpointing the facts and estimating the energy content","authors":"M. Melikoğlu, C. Lin, C. Webb","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0058-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0058-5","url":null,"abstract":"Food waste is a global problem. Each year food worth billions of dollars is wasted by the developed economies of the world. When food is wasted, the problem does not end at that point. More than 95% of the food waste ends at landfill sites, where converted into methane, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses by anaerobic digestion. The impact of food waste to climate change is catastrophic. Food waste problem tends to increase in next 25 years due to economic and population growth mainly in Asian countries. In addition, when food wastes buried at landfill sites their energy content is lost. Although food waste is a huge problem, its global size and extent has recently become a hot topic in the academic community. This paper summarises the size of the global food waste problem together with the estimation of the amount of energy lost when food wastes dumped at landfill sites. Calculations in this study also revealed that energy lost at landfill sites equals to 43% of the delivered energy used for the preparation of foods in the US, 37% of the hydroelectric power generation of Japan, and more than 100% of the current annual renewable energy demand of UK industries.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121198705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of tailing dam using red mud","authors":"S. K. Rout, T. Sahoo, Sarath Das","doi":"10.2478/s13531-012-0056-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0056-7","url":null,"abstract":"Red mud, waste industrial product from aluminum industries produced approximately 75 million tonnes every year with less than half of this is used. Storage of this unutilized red mud takes vast tracts of usable land and pollutes, land, air and water. Construction of high embankments, under passes, flyovers, tailing dams uses vast tract of natural resources (top soil) is also matter of concern as its takes thousands of years to form the natural soil. This paper discusses use of red mud for construction of tailing dam based on laboratory findings and finite element analysis. The geotechnical properties such as plasticity, compaction, permeability, shear strength characteristics and dispersion of red mud are presented. Stability and seepage analysis of tailing dams as per finite element analysis using the above geotechnical parameters is presented.","PeriodicalId":407983,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128213343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}