{"title":"Japan’s Electrical Machining and ISEM Technologies","authors":"N. Saito","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.19.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.19.1","url":null,"abstract":"Research on electrical discharge machining (EDM) in Japan all began with Professor Seizaburo Ho of the University of Tokyo (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering) watching a science movie made in the former Soviet Union. Together with Professor Hisao Kurafuji, also from the University of Tokyo (Department of Precision Engineering), they embarked on studies in this area by establishing the foundations of EDM and electrical machining societies in Japan. In this essay, I would like to talk about the roots of EDM as well as the International Symposium on Electromachining (ISEM), focusing on my own experiences of participating in ISEM Ⅱ onwards. In 1989, Japan hosted the ISEM (IX) for the first time. It proved to be a huge success and became by far the largest conference since it was started. From around 1995, mold-making trends using high speed milling have been accelerating. Cuttable shapes and large molds are gradually being replaced by high speed milling, and sinking EDM is declining. This has led to the need to find new applications for sinking EDM in areas other than mold-making. One example is its application to the electrical discharge coating of jet engine parts. There is also a need for further fundamental studies on sinking EDM as well as the development of electrochemical machining (ECM) techniques for cemented carbide besides EDM.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127222631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on Electrolyte Jet Machining of Cemented Carbide","authors":"K. Mizugai, N. Shibuya, M. Kunieda","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.18.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.18.23","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new method to electrochemically machine cemented tungsten carbide using electrolyte jet machining (EJM). NaNO 3 aqueous solution was used as the electrolyte instead of a mixed aqueous solution of NaNO 3 and NaOH, which is normally used for the conventional electrochemical machining (ECM) of cemented tungsten carbide, but has hazardous characteristics. The machining was carried out successfully with both alternating current (AC) and direct current(DC). However, AC enabled more localized dissolution under the jet than DC. An insulator nozzle was employed for AC machining to prevent the nozzle wear. It was also useful for DC machining because dissolution was more localized.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121936662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF WIRE MOVEMENT IN FINE WIRE EDM BY HIGH-SPEED OBSERVATION","authors":"A. Okada, Sho Ichii, Y. Okamoto","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.18.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.18.43","url":null,"abstract":"In the wire EDM using a thin wire electrode, the reduction of wire vibration is important to achieve a high-precision machining, since the large amplitude of wire vibration leads to large kerf width, low shape accuracy, rough machined surface, low cutting speed and high risk of wire breakage. In this study, the movements of thin wire electrode during the process were directly observed by using a high-speed video camera in order to clarify the wire movement in fine wire EDM. The effects of machining conditions on the wire movement in the direction perpendicular to the machining direction were experimentally investigated. The results showed that the wire vibration amplitude in fine fire EDM increased with the wire running speed and flow rate of jet flushing but decreased with the wire tension. Also, the wire vibration during the process includes various frequency vibrations with 1st order string vibration. Furthermore, the wire vibration frequency increased not only with the wire tension but also the discharge pulse frequency.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124009890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Tani, Hiromitsu Gotoh, Atsutoshi Hirao, N. Mohri
{"title":"Effect of Insulating Si3N4 Ceramics on Removal Rate by EDM with Piezoelectric Device","authors":"T. Tani, Hiromitsu Gotoh, Atsutoshi Hirao, N. Mohri","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.18.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.18.37","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the machining characteristics of insulating ceramics by EDM (electrical discharge machining) with a piezoelectric device. A piezo scanner that can carry out drive control independently in the X-, Y-, and Z-directions was used for the piezoelectric device. Using the Z-axis as the main axis, dual servo control with a motor drive was applied, with oscillation in the Xand Y-axes, and the effects of these oscillations were examined. In addition to adding these controls to the piezo scanner, the removal rate was considerably improved by independently controlling the gain of the up-and-down motion based on the electrical discharge state of the high-resistance surface. Furthermore, to transmit rotation to the oscillation tool electrode, a magnetic non-contact transfer drive was utilized. Using this combination of controls, we effectively improved the removal rate in micro-hole machining.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122255274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of Tungsten Carbide Alloy Micro-pin with Environment-Responsive ECM","authors":"N. Shibuya, W. Natsu","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.17.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.17.35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122713049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Obara, M. Isogai, T. Goda, Tohru Sasaki, Y. Ikemoto
{"title":"High-Voltage Pulse-Assisted Electrochemical Machining","authors":"H. Obara, M. Isogai, T. Goda, Tohru Sasaki, Y. Ikemoto","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.17.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.17.15","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new method of electrochemical machining (ECM), where high-voltage pulses are intermittently supplied to electrodes during low-voltage pulsed ECM, is presented. The properties of this method are compared with those of a conventional low-voltage pulsed ECM method using a 0.3 mm φ electrode. We found that this method enables us to machine a workpiece using ECM conditions that are difficult to use in the conventional ECM method, such as low electrolyte concentration and low pulse duty ratio. This method also enable us to machine a workpiece without strong flushing. The machining speed of this method is increased almost 3-6 times that of the conventional ECM method. A small side gap width comparable to the gap width of EDM is achieved using a low-density NaNO 3 electrolyte.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115991489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kunieda, Haruka Takeuchi, Y. Kusakabe, Hirokazu Sunagawa, T. Igarashi
{"title":"Clarifying EDM Gap Phenomena by Gas Chromatography Analysis of Bubbles","authors":"M. Kunieda, Haruka Takeuchi, Y. Kusakabe, Hirokazu Sunagawa, T. Igarashi","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.16.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.16.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114183618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical Simulation on Micro-welding of Thin Stainless Steel Sheet by Fiber Laser","authors":"M. Ismail, Y. Okamoto, Y. Uno","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.16.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.16.9","url":null,"abstract":"A three-dimensional finite element model has been developed to simulate dynamically the laser micro-welding process of thin stainless steel sheet. The model can calculate the temperature distribution and predict the weld bead geometry during the welding process. The numerical simulation was conducted using a non-linear transient thermal analysis with changing the laser processing parameters; namely laser power, scan velocity and spot diameter under a constant energy density. The measurement of weld bead geometry from the laser micro-welding experiments was used to validate the developed numerical model. The results show that there are good agreements with the weld bead geometry between the experimental observations and the finite element simulations.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125370508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Okada, T. Yamauchi, Masayuki Higashi, M. Nakazawa, Toshiaki Shimizu, Y. Uno
{"title":"Effects of Wire Surface Roughness on Wire EDM Characteristics","authors":"A. Okada, T. Yamauchi, Masayuki Higashi, M. Nakazawa, Toshiaki Shimizu, Y. Uno","doi":"10.2526/IJEM.16.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/IJEM.16.1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to develop a new type of coated wire electrode for fine wire EDM. Piano wire with a very high tensile strength is coated with an electrically conductive brass layer to achieve high-speed and high-precision wire EDM. In our previous papers, using a thin wire of 50 µ m diameter, the thickness and quality of the brass coating layer were optimized and the effects of the tensile strength of the piano wire used as the core wire on machining characteristics were discussed. In this paper, the effect of surface roughness of the brass wire electrode was experimentally investigated. As a result, it was found that by using wire with relatively large surface roughness, the machining rate increased because of the high discharge frequency. Also, a more uniform distribution of the discharge location was confirmed by high-speed observation of the working gap during the process. In addition, the electrostatic field in the gap between the wire electrode and workpiece surface was analyzed and the reason for the high machining rate in case of the wire with relatively large surface roughness was discussed from the viewpoint of the distribution of electric intensity distribution on the wire surface.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115073227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Matsukawa, Katsunori Satoh, A. Goto, N. Saito, N. Mohri
{"title":"Tribological Properties of TiC Hard Layer by EDM","authors":"K. Matsukawa, Katsunori Satoh, A. Goto, N. Saito, N. Mohri","doi":"10.2526/ijem.14.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2526/ijem.14.9","url":null,"abstract":"The tribological properties of hard layers formed by EDM were compared with the properties of TiC hard layers formed with CVD and of TiN, TiCN and TiAIN hard layers formed with PVD. It was found that the wear of hard layers produced by EDM was affected by the load if it was less than 29.4 N. This increases with the load, and is about the same as, or less than, the wear of the hard layers formed with CVD when the load is below 19.6 N. The hard layers formed with EDM have a slightly smaller friction coefficient than hard layers formed by CVD or PVD, indicating that the hard layer has no effect on lubrication.","PeriodicalId":407646,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Machining","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125123167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}